When I was a teenager, there were bamboo and cypress flowers in front of the library, and there were many nests on them. Wu Yangjun 4 evil 5 kill 6, boy servant 7, no bird catching. They have been nesting in the bottom branches for several years, and they can be seen dying from 9 to 10. There are four or five hundred tung-flower phoenixes, and Ji Xiang is among them. The feathers of this bird are rare in 1 1, but they can tame 12, but they are not afraid of people in 13, which is very strange to see in 14. There is no other 15, which is insincere and believes in different kinds. A wild old man 16 said: Birds go far away, and children are disturbed by snakes, mice, foxes and kites. If you don't kill people, you will approach them and want to avoid this. From the perspective of 17, people are more afraid of approaching birds than snakes and mice at different times.
To annotate ...
1. I: Su Shi calls herself. 2. Court: Court. 3. Nest: Nesting is famous for its movement. 4. Wu Yangjun: Su Shi's mother. 5. Evil: disgust. 6. Killing: Killing small creatures. 7. Servant: generally refers to domestic slaves. 8. Withering: a newborn bird. 9. Bend over: Bend over. 10. Peek: Peek. 1 1. To: extremely. 12. training: taming and obeying. 13. Special: a little. 14. Lv Lijian: a villager. 15. Nothing: Nothing. 16. Yi: fierce. 15. Ye Lao: a countryman. 16. Go: leave. 17. Yes, it is. 18. Different time: the future. 19. On: Bi. 20. The future: the coming day. 2 1, Germany: Yes. 22. Kun (kuu): Xiao. 23. Collection: Collection. 24, evil: hate. 25, nothing else, insincere, believing in different kinds: there is also a bird called Tong Huafeng, and four or five hundred birds get together to fly.
arouse
People live in harmony with animals, and we should create a harmonious society, not only between people, but also between people and animals and plants. Harmony is a kind of beauty and a special artistic conception. The whole story is about loving birds. The deep meaning lies in the word "benevolence", and at the end of the article, "tyranny is fiercer than tiger, believe it!" It embodies the essence of the word "benevolence". Human feelings are based on "benevolence", otherwise, the disaster it brings to society is incalculable. Therefore, Su Shi advocated "benevolence" to rule the world. "Hundreds of officials are numerous, and the four seas are wide, so that their joints are connected as one. Smell when you knock, and answer when you touch. Husband is a man who can create everything in the world. The nobility of the son of heaven and the lowliness of the gentry can make people love each other. Worry can make the same, and urgency can save. " From the philosophical thought of "benevolence" to the proposition of "benevolent government", it already belongs to the category of political thought. This is an excellent allegorical essay. In the first paragraph, it is recorded that the author's mother "kills for her life" because she eats fast and does well, and prohibits the growth and reproduction of birds, so that many birds are close to people without being afraid of being caught, which actually plays a role in protecting birds. The second paragraph, "There is an old saying in the wild", expresses his hope that birds will be protected by human beings from raptors, and compares the imperial government to protect civilians from bad people. And take this opportunity to insinuate the reality of corruption in state affairs and the cruelty of officials to the people. For example, the sentence "tyranny is fiercer than tigers" is quoted at the end of the article, which makes the theme of the full text prominent and profound. The style of writing is smooth and natural, understated, and a few strokes outline the beautiful scenery of the courtyard. However, in the plain nature, it shows the magnificent momentum of "being fiercer than a tiger", which makes the article look different.
translate
When I was a teenager, there were bamboos, pines and cypresses and some flowers in front of my study. The courtyard was lush and many birds built nests on it. Wu Yangjun hates killing, and tells his children, handmaiden and servant not to catch birds. A few years later, the bird's nest bent the branches, and the birds hatched in the bird's nest could be seen secretly by looking down. There is also a bird called Donghua Wind. There are four or five hundred birds flying in the yard. Its feathers are the most precious and rare, but it can be tamed (stay there quietly) without being afraid of people. People in rural areas feel very strange when they see this phenomenon. There is no other reason for this, but the sincerity of treating these birds and the reason why he has always kept his promise to treat these animals different from humans. An old man in the country said, "The Bird's Nest is far away from people, so there will be worries about snakes, mice, foxes, owls and kites. People who don't kill birds will naturally get close to people and avoid this kind of worry. "From this point of view, the bird's nest at that time was afraid to approach people, because people were more ferocious than snakes and mice.
This passage edited by Su Shi
brief introduction
Su Shi (1037-1101) was a writer and painter in the Northern Song Dynasty. The word Zizhan, also known as He Zhong, is called Dongpo lay man. Han nationality, Meishan, Meizhou (now Sichuan). Together with their father Su Xun and brother Su Zhe, they are called Su San. He is an all-rounder in literature and art, and his writing style is unrestrained and fluent. He is also known as Ou Su with Ouyang Xiu, one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties. His poems are fresh and vigorous, and he is good at using exaggerated metaphors. He has a unique style in artistic expression, and is called Su Huang with Huang Tingjian. Bold ci school has a great influence on later generations, and it is called Su Xin with Xin Qiji; Calligraphy is good at running script and regular script, and it can be innovative. Writing with a pen is ups and downs, full of childlike interest. And Huang Tingjian, Mi Fei and Cai Xiang are also called Song Sijia. Painting, like literature, I like to be a strange stone. On painting, I advocate similarity. Poems include "Seven Chapters of Dongpo" and "Dongpo Yuefu".
all one's life
Su Shi,103765438+1October 8 (December 19, three years) was born in Meishan and Yumei (now Sichuan). Su Shi's father, Su Xun, is the "Su Lao Quan" mentioned in The Holy Amethyst. Su Xun worked hard, although he worked very late. In his later years, Su Shi recalled his childhood experience of studying with his father and felt that he was deeply influenced by his father. Of course, without Su Xun's hard work, Su Shi could not have got a good tutor in his childhood, not to mention "learning the general classic history, which belongs to thousands of words every day", and it is even more impossible to achieve literary achievements in the future. 1056 (the first year of Jiayou), 2 1 year-old Su Shi left Sichuan for Beijing for the first time to take the imperial examination of the imperial court. The following year, he took the examination of the Ministry of Rites and won the appreciation of the examiner Ouyang Xiu with an article on loyalty to punishment, but Ouyang Xiu mistakenly thought it was his disciple Ceng Gong. In order to avoid suspicion, he had to come second. 106 1 year (in the sixth year of Jiayou), Su Shi took the Chinese secondary school exam, which is usually called "three-year Beijing Examination", and got the third class of "the first in a hundred years", and was awarded the position of judge and book signing in Fengxiang Prefecture, Dali. Later, when his mother died in Bianjing, Ding returned to his hometown. 1069 (the second year of Xining) returned to the DPRK after his term of office, and he was still appointed. When he entered the DPRK as an official, it was the time when the political crisis in the Northern Song Dynasty began to appear, and the crisis was hidden behind the prosperity. At this time, Zongshen acceded to the throne and appointed Wang Anshi to support the political reform. Many of Su Shi's teachers and friends, including Ouyang Xiu, who admired him at the beginning, were forced to leave Beijing because they disagreed with the new Prime Minister Wang Anshi's implementation of the new law. The old rain in the ruling and opposition parties faded away, and what Su Shi saw in his eyes was no longer the "peaceful and prosperous times" he saw at the age of twenty. On his way back to Beijing, Su Shi saw the harm of the new law to ordinary people, and because of his conservative political thoughts, he disagreed with Wang Anshi's approach to politics and thought that the new law could not facilitate the people, so he wrote a letter against it. As a result, like his teachers and friends who were forced to leave Beijing, they were not allowed to stay in the court. So Su Shi asked for his release and was transferred to Hangzhou to serve as a general. From then on, Su Shi misunderstood Wang Anshi and other reformists all his life. Su Shi stayed in Hangzhou for three years. After leaving office, he was transferred to Mizhou (now Zhucheng, Shandong Province), Xuzhou, Huzhou and other places as well-known county magistrates. Outstanding achievements, won the hearts of the people. This lasted for about ten years, and Su Shi met the first disaster in his life. At that time, some people (Li Ding and others) deliberately distorted his poems, and made a big fuss in the name of satirizing the new law. 1079 (in the second year of Yuanfeng), Su Shi was arrested and imprisoned less than three months after he arrived in Huzhou. He was arrested and imprisoned for writing poems to satirize the new law and "slandering the monarch", which is called "Wutai Poetry Case" in history. Su Shi was imprisoned 103 days and was on the verge of beheading several times. Thanks to Mao's reign in the Northern Song Dynasty, Su Shi was spared. After he was released from prison, Su Shi was demoted to be Ying Yong's assistant in Huangzhou (now Huanggang City, Hubei Province) (equivalent to the vice captain of modern civil self-defense forces). This position is rather humble and has no real power. At this time, Su Shi has been disheartened after this campaign. After Su Shi came to power, his mood was low. He visited Chibi Mountain outside Huangzhou for many times, and wrote famous works such as "Red Cliff Fu", "Post Red Cliff Fu" and "Nian Nujiao, Red Cliff Nostalgia" to express his thoughts and feelings when he was in exile. Yu led his family to reclaim a sloping land in the east of the city and farm to supplement their livelihood. It was at this time that he got the nickname "Dongpo lay man". In Song Shenzong (1084, the seventh year of Yuanfeng), Su Shi left Huangzhou and worked in Ruzhou. Due to the long distance and tiring journey, Su Shi's children died unfortunately. Ruzhou is far away, and all the tolls have been used up. Coupled with the pain of losing his son, Su Shi wrote to the court, requesting not to go to Ruzhou for the time being, and to live in Changzhou first, and then was approved. When he was ready to return to Changzhou, Zongshen passed away. The young Zhezong ascended the throne, the empress dowager listened to politics, the new party headed by Wang Anshi was suppressed, and Sima Guang was re-enabled as prime minister. Su Shi returned to the assistant minister and knew Dengzhou (now Penglai, Shandong Province). Four months later, the doctor was recalled to North Korea. Mr. Scheeren was promoted to power, Mr. Scheeren was promoted to Zhongshu three months later, and soon he was promoted to imperial academy (the minister who drafted the imperial edict for the emperor, who had Taoist skills) and did not do it again. Su Shi saw the emerging forces desperately suppressing the figures of Wang Anshi Group and abolishing the new law. He thought that they were just birds of a feather with the so-called "Wang Dang" and once again offered advice and suggestions to the emperor. He attacked the corruption exposed after the old Party came to power, which aroused strong opposition from conservative forces and was falsely accused and framed. So far, Su Shi can neither tolerate the new party nor forgive the old party, so he once again asked for a transfer. As a bachelor of Longtuge, he once again went to Hangzhou after a long absence 16 to serve as the prefect. Su Shi built a major water conservancy project in Hangzhou, dredged the West Lake, and built a dam beside the West Lake with dredged silt, which is the famous "Su Causeway". Su Shi lived happily in Hangzhou and compared himself to Bai Juyi in the Tang Dynasty. But in 109 1 year (six years in Yuan You), he was recalled to North Korea. But soon, due to political disagreement, Yingzhou was released. 1093 (eight years), the Empress Dowager Gao died, Zhezong came to power, and the new party came to power again. In June of the following year, he was demoted to Huiyang (now Huizhou City, Guangdong Province). 1097, Su Shi was exiled to Danzhou (Changhua County, now Hainan). It is said that in the Song Dynasty, banishing Hainan was only a lighter punishment than copying others. After Hui Zong acceded to the throne, he was transferred to Lianzhou for resettlement, Zhou Shuan for permanent resettlement and Yongzhou for resettlement. 110/year (Fu Yuan's third year) was pardoned, returned to Lang Feng, and died in Changzhou (now Jiangsu) on August 24th,1kloc-0/year. At the age of sixty-four, he was buried in Tancheng County, Ruzhou (now Jia County, Henan Province), and Wenzhong, posthumous title (male).
Style of article
Su Shi's literary view comes down in one continuous line with Ouyang Xiu's, but he emphasizes the originality, expressiveness and artistic value of literature. His literary thoughts emphasize "doing something and not doing something", advocating nature, getting rid of bondage, and "innovating statutes and releasing wonderful ideas". He believes that composition should be "like running water, with no definite quality at first, but always do what you should do and always stop where you can't stop." The artistic realm of "natural arts and sciences, rich body" ("Thank the teacher's book"). Su Shi's prose works are rich, and he is also known as Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan and Ouyang Xiu. The style of the article is concise and smooth, and it is unrestrained. Shi Dehong's "Postscript Dongpo (swimming on the left (xρn) in the pool" said: "His prose is like water, and his waves are naturally written." Su Shi and Ouyang Xiu, both called "Ou Su", are one of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties". Su Shi is the leader who presided over the literary world in the Northern Song Dynasty after Ouyang Xiu. He enjoyed a great reputation among writers at that time, and for a time many people made friends with him or accepted his guidance. Huang Tingjian, Qin Guan and Chao, writers of the Northern Song Dynasty, were all trained, rewarded and recommended by him, and were called the Four Bachelor of Sumen.