Brush calligraphy official script appreciation brush calligraphy official script picture 1
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Introduction to brush calligraphy and official script
From the Qin Dynasty to the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, official script was not completely divorced from the meaning of seal script. It became more and more refined in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and it was more perfect in the period of Emperor Huan and Emperor Ling. In the mature period of Han Li, most stone carvings have been handed down. Xian Di has become old-fashioned again, and gradually lost the flexible charm of Han Li.
Cai Yong, a famous calligrapher in the post-Han Dynasty, used to write stone classics by imperial edict, and erected a monument outside imperial academy for those who came to watch? Ride the streets more than 1000 times a day? (see
Most of the official scripts we write now are inscriptions or fonts on wooden slips at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, from which all kinds of calligraphy styles after the Han Dynasty originated. Zhong Wei You, the "ancestor of true books", used official script to write famous commemorative works such as Ming Biao and Zen Watch. Wang Xizhi of the Jin Dynasty, at first, learned painting from Mrs. Wei, but he didn't make any achievements. Later, he saw "Hua Yue Monument" everywhere, only then did he realize his brushwork and become immortal? Book saint? . Among the calligraphers in the early Tang Dynasty, Ou Yangxun had a well-documented official script and wrote a square tablet, which was later called him? Really to the literature and history? Official books are close to Wang Xizhi's level. Chu Suiliang's calligraphy is rich in words, smooth in lines, deep into the bone marrow and full of momentum. Later generations said that his brushwork was derived from the ritual tablets of the Han Dynasty. Ouyang and Li are carrying the tripod, but it is very obvious. Yan Zhenqing's calligraphy is magnificent and magnificent, which is the best in the middle Tang Dynasty. His brushwork is based on the inscriptions of Han Dynasty, such as Yiying, Fang Heng, Gao Ge and Zhang Qian. In the middle Tang Dynasty, Li Longji, Han Zemu, Cai and Liang Shengqing were also famous for their official scripts. After the Tang Dynasty, calligraphers such as Mi Fei in the Song Dynasty, Zhao Mengfu in the Yuan Dynasty and Wen Zhiming in the Ming Dynasty appeared. Can run official scripts. There are Zheng Jiakou, Jin Dongxin, Deng, Yi Bingshou and so on in the Qing Dynasty. Study Chinese hard and get remarkable results.
Kang Youwei, a good friend, highly praised the calligraphy of the Han Dynasty in his Zhou Shuang Talk in a Broad Sense. He said:? The prosperity of books in Han Dynasty is not only because of its high tolerance, but also because of its diverse system. Du Du worked as a grass, Cai Yong as a flying white, and Liu Desheng as a running script, all of whom were Han Chinese. The late season comes true, and future generations can't go outside. It was extremely difficult to establish this system by the Han Dynasty. ? It can be seen that the creation of calligraphers in the Han Dynasty actually left a golden beam for later generations.
Ritual tablet
For beginners, it is best to start with one of the three tablets, Yi Ying, Chen Shi and Li Qi, which is the right way. Because these are masterpieces of famous temples in past dynasties, they were best prepared by first-class calligraphers at that time. Others such as Ode to Shimen, Zhang Qianbei, Huashan Monument, Cao Quanbei, Fang Heng Monument and Ode to the West Narrow, as well as Poems of Ziyou, Poems of Yang Family, etc. If we can concentrate on exploring these famous monuments and learn from others, our achievements in calligraphy art will be great.
As for Han bamboo slips, they are valuable materials for studying official laws. Only after being discovered in batches in northwest China can we understand the authentic brushwork of the Han people. The inscriptions in the Han Dynasty are the most interesting, especially those of Zhang Qian, Cao Quan, Kong Zhou and Liu Xiong, as well as those of Li Qi, Cang Xie Temple and Yang. If you use wooden slips and pens when writing, you will feel more flying and can correct the disadvantages of seal cutting.
Chenshi Qianbei
Most people who haven't talked about calligraphy advocate learning calligraphy from seal script, which is the way to explore the source. They think:? If you don't learn books from seal script, it will be meaningless, and the significance is not high, and the number must be small. The impression is round, the impression is square, the seal works are in the workshop, and the brushwork is fine; Seeing its communication, Li strengthened its barriers. ? It would be best if we can lay the foundation of some seal scripts now, but generally speaking, it would be good to start directly from Han Li. Writing can not only catch up with the big and small seals, but also attack the real cursive script, which can solve many problems in the process of learning calligraphy, such as centering, distributing, staying for a long time, cutting, escaping, falling, horizontal and vertical, etc.
This is the inevitable law of social development and cultural progress, and it is also the contradictory unity of writing and practice.
Official script brushwork
Official script evolved from seal script. If you don't learn seal script, you will be transferred for no reason. ? To learn the brushwork of official script, we must start with seal script.
The font structure of seal script is ever-changing, but the brushwork is very simple, mainly with only one stroke. As long as the thickness is uniform, the ends are rounded, the corners are smooth, the connection is natural, and the strokes are slightly three-dimensional. Putting this picture flat is a flat picture; Putting it straight means painting vertically; Shorten it and it becomes a short painting; Turn around and it becomes a corner or a circle. This kind of strokes should be concise and firm, such as cotton and iron, soft in the middle and hard in the middle, which requires hard practice. It is best to explore from the ancient inscriptions such as Shi Guwen and Taishan stone carvings.
What must be followed when writing seal script? Think left first, right first and left first; Want to go up first? Want to go up first? And then what? Anyway, anyway. The principle of using a pen is to hide the head and protect the tail, and the pen is the center. For example, writing a horizontal picture: when writing, first draw a dotted line with the front end of the pen to the left, then gently bend its front end, start writing at a fixed point, extend to the right, and run into a picture; At the end, lift the pen tip slightly, return to the left along the center line and quickly collect the pen, that is, the seal script is horizontally painted.
Seal law is the origin of official law. Knowing the brushwork of seal script makes it easy to write official script. Ming-feng said,? Learn eight points (official script) before learning seal script. Everyone is familiar with seal script. Fang Xue is eight points, which is ancient. ? This has always been the unanimous view of calligraphers. Can we learn official script instead of seal script today? Of course you can. But at least you should know some strokes of seal script. On this basis, it is much more convenient to learn the brushwork of official script.
The main characteristics of Lishu are that the font is flat and wide, the stroke develops to the left and right, and the ups and downs are clear to the back; The middle of the pen is round, vigorous and powerful, with ups and downs and varied beauty. To be sure, the brushwork of official script is more complicated than that of seal script. If we can analyze and study from these characteristics, it is not difficult to find out the law of using pens.
The basic method of seal script is one stroke, so how many strokes are there in official script? I think there are at least three:
The first stroke: Flat painting is the basic stroke of seal script.
This pen is made of official script, but its two ends are slightly square and its brushwork is a bit stiff. Its writing is basically the same as that of seal script. No matter whether it is long or short, you should start writing against the front, covering your head and tail in the middle, and being clean and tidy, as if you were firm.
Can be divided into real drops and virtual drops. Like seal script, when the pen tip touches the paper, draw a chalk line in the opposite direction, reach the place where the pen is started, kneel down and fold, and the pen tip will be hidden, while the virtual pen tip is just a virtual potential, without drawing a chalk line, and the pen tip Shimada Hanzo is half exposed.
Guan Feng's return to the pen is also divided into reality and falsehood: the return to the pen is only an empty potential, the pen is like a chop, and the tail is square; The real return, the front is still closed along the original road, and there is a circle at the end.
The stippling written by the method of real drop and real return can easily meet the requirements of dignity, roundness and thickness; The result of falling and returning is an ethereal Jun Fang. When many strokes are juxtaposed, we have to make mistakes between reality and reality before we can change them, but we still focus on the real strokes.
This is the basic brushwork of Li Shuping's painting and vertical painting, and it is also the root of the regular script brushwork later.
Seal script and official script are connected by a pen, both of which are rich and simple. If the brushwork of seal script is invariably used in official script, it is still ancient; Li Shu introduced the model law, and the style of calligraphy was not high (Li Shu used the model law in Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties; The official seal method was used in the Qing Dynasty.
The second stroke: wave painting, that is, one foot horizontal painting.
This silkworm head is dovetail-shaped, flat on the top and curved on the bottom, which is the most characteristic of official script. Is the key to writing official script. It has played a role in carrying everything in one sentence. The left end looks like a silkworm head, with a slightly thinner waist, and the right end looks like a half-dovetail, with a straight top and a slightly curved bottom. Is its text available? Descending, ascending, pressing, lifting, traveling, staying, burying and collecting? Eight pen movements to illustrate:
Writing means writing. We need to take the potential from outside the painting, dive obliquely and draw a dotted line on the front. Then go back to the top, follow the trend, turn the virtual into the real, press its front, cover the original dotted line, and store it. This is a pen.
When you start writing on time, your pen will spread out on the paper in reverse. In order to prevent deviation and keep the center, you must raise your pen slightly to keep the correct lines. For the correct route, the nib must be slightly pressed down, so lifting and pressing are an action at the same time.
Then, lift and press to run right. When running, of course, you should also gradually bump into each other with the lifting and pressing, and follow the same direction (when writing, the straight or slightly inverted direction of the pen tube is called shun, and the inverted direction is called reverse), and always keep the pen tip moving along the stroke center line. When you move to the middle section, you should raise more and lower the pressure, accumulate strength and prepare for the pressure. After the middle section, press more than you lift. When you reach a certain position, stop for a while, and then press down when you can. You should not only keep a sense of proportion, but also spread the pen as far as possible, which is both powerful and calm, as if you are cutting something with a sharp knife, so it is called a slap. After healing, the beam naturally closes and the nib still needs to be emitted. If you jump out of the pen a little, it will be easier to show your spirit by emptying it hard. This stroke should be written end to end, the middle part is not empty, the toes are full, and the posture is lively and dignified. Only in this way can we? Can't show endless love, but the heart is willing but unable? That's wonderful.
The wave painting itself can be used as the main horizontal painting. If cut off or disassembled, the head and tail are the basic strokes of various points and oblique strokes. For example, the three points beside the water in Lishu are the first half of the wave painting. The strokes in herringbone or big characters are oblique strokes in the second half of wave painting. Painting is the extension of point, and point is the contraction of painting. In terms of brushwork, we can draw inferences from others.
The third stroke: the brush stroke extending to the left is often symmetrical with the right stroke or vertical stroke, forming the unique style of official script.
It is used as a left hook or a left straight fist. Official script? Words such as Da, Shi, Ren, Yue, Chuan, Kong and Lang all have such a sum total. Although there are some differences in inclination, extension and length, the writing rules are basically the same.
It's written like this. When you put pen to paper, you go up against the imaginary potential and then slightly cross the fixed point. When it rises to the front, it gradually weakens and moves down. The neck is slightly thinner and the turn is slightly slower. Sweep to the left after turning, which is dangerous and powerful, and the pen is tight and heavy. Finally, pick it up slightly and show it faintly, not too exposed. After picking, go back to collect the pen along the center line immediately, which should be concise and lively.