Gold stationery is one of the most kinds of folding fans. There are all kinds of gold, mud gold, cold gold, mud gold, waste gold, rain gold, gold pieces and so on.
1. gilded paper: a folding fan with large or small gold nuggets or broken gold as decoration on the fan surface, which is generally called gilded paper or gilded paper folding fan surface. There are large pieces of paper distributed like snowflakes, also called flake gold or large pieces of gold. This kind of gold sheet is also called cold gold because it is pasted with broken gold foil. The density and size of this kind of gold sheet can be changed. Tiny fragments can also be called broken gold or rain gold. Sometimes you can see large pieces of small pieces mixed together. If only one side of the folding fan is sprinkled with gold, it is called semi-cold.
2. Clay plaque: If the folding fan is decorated with gold powder instead of gold foil, it is called a clay plaque or a clay folding fan. Generally, the whole folding fan sector can be all gold without gaps, but there are some varieties that look at all gold from a distance, and there are still dense powder crumbs near, leaving small and dense gaps.
3. Mixed Jin Jian: The folding fan sector is made of gold, not necessarily coated with gold powder. There is a thick folding fan, and there is no trace of the bottom of the paper. It may be pasted with a whole piece of extremely thin gold foil. This folding fan can see a thin layer of gold turning up or falling off at the broken part, which can prove that it is not sticky with gold powder. There are two kinds of muddy gold stationery: textured gold stationery is to press the fine lines of imitation fabrics such as cloth (plain) and rib out of the fan.
Second, writing fans.
On the surface of the paper fan, tiny curly plant fibers like hair are added and randomly covered on the whole folding fan. This kind of fiber is much thinner than human hair, but it is lighter in color and brown-black. Adding "wool" to the folding fan will improve its toughness and fastness and make it more beautiful. Stationery can also be divided into double-sided stationery and single-sided stationery. The other side of the latter can be plain paper or something else.
Third, the silver fan.
Similar to the gold letterhead, there are all kinds of folding fans with silver, and correspondingly there are varieties such as clay silver and silver sprinkling. Silver notes are prone to blackening, and their appearance is not as gorgeous as gold notes, so the use of folding fans is much less. Gold and silver can be coated on ordinary paper or colored paper; Can be used on both sides or only on one side. In this way, the gold folding fan has countless patterns.
Fourth, the general paper sector
Ordinary paper folding fan is the most widely used folding fan. Paper fans are made of multilayer sheets. In the early days, the manufacturing process of white paper folding fans was a three-layer method with two sides and one lining. This method has been used for a long time in the north, but it has four, five, six and seven floors in the south. The literati fan has five to seven floors, and the autumn fan has fewer floors. Occasionally you can see a folding fan made of nine layers of cotton. After the folding fan is attached, alum or mica powder is added to the surface, so the water absorption performance is similar to that of cooked fans (especially heavy mica folding fans). If silver powder is added, the folding fan will be silver.
Five, color paper department
Among colored paper folding fans, the most common ones are Hangzhou black paper fan and porcelain blue paper fan. Both of them are dark and need to be colored with gold and silver powder or gold and silver powder to make books and paintings. Colored paper fans also come in half-color and half-color varieties. In addition to black paper and porcelain blue paper, colored paper is folded into a sector, and it is also folded into a sector by a dusty notebook.
Sixth, Fan Jian highlights
Scholars often do fan-shaped calligraphy and painting together. Some people draw a slope stone, some artificial houses, some people make up a poem, and so on. Although it is the cooperation of several people, it is a complete work. Then it evolved from this, and there was a collection of fan calligraphy and painting. Folding fans are still common varieties at first, and ordinary paper is the most. Around the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, there appeared a folding fan for this kind of multi-person cooperative painting and calligraphy. Its most common form is sprinkling gold adjacent to plain noodles, which can be divided into two parts, three parts and four parts.