Title: "Gift for Liu Jingwen" Author: Su Shi era: Song genre: seven-character quatrains
original work
The lotus in Liu Jingwen is not sheltered from the rain, and there are branches in Ao Shuang in the chrysanthemum. You must remember the best scenery in a year, which is in the late autumn and early winter of orange and green.
Annotation of works
①: Liu (1033 ~ 1092), from Xiangfen (now Kaifeng, Henan). In Jiayou, Song Renzong, Zuobandian directly supervised Raozhou's wine service and filmed the state school (Shi Lin Shi Hua). In Yuan You, Song Zhezong, Zuo Zongtang was appointed as the deputy governor of the two armies in Zhejiang. I got to know Xizhou through Su Shi's recommendation. Officially, Deputy Special Envoy Vince. Seven years, single, sixty. Broadcom historical biography, different books and ancient stone carvings, and the official's income are all given to the collection of books. See the Complete Works of Dongpo, Volume 63, Begging Liu Ji's Grandson, Du Dongchuan, Volume 1 1, Liu Pingchuan. Liu Jingwen's father, Liu Jie, was a general in the Northern Song Dynasty, so he also developed a bold and unconstrained character. So Su Shi called him a "generous man". 2 Qing: the text refers to lifting and holding up. (Qing Yu Gai: Hold up the lotus leaf) ③ Ao Shuang: In the article, he said that he is not afraid of the cold and is strong and unyielding. Jun: This article refers to you and Liu Jingwen. ⑤ Cover: The article refers to the car cover, which is a metaphor for lotus leaves. ⑥ When orange is yellow and orange is green: it refers to late autumn and early winter, when orange is yellow and orange is green.
Translation of works
Lotus leaves are destroyed, and leaves and roots like umbrellas are no longer as slender as in summer; (Reporter Li) The chrysanthemums have withered, but the tall and straight chrysanthemum branches are still full of vitality in the cold wind. Don't think that the good scenery of a year will be swept away. You must remember that the most beautiful scenery is in early winter, especially orange and green.
works appreciation
This poem was given by the poet as a gift to his good friend Liu Jingwen. The first two sentences of the poem describe the scenery, and grasp the "lotus flower exhausted" and "chrysanthemum remnant" to describe the bleak scene in late autumn and early winter. There is a sharp contrast between "nothing" and "still there", which highlights the image of Chrysanthemum Ao Shuang fighting the cold. The last two sentences discuss the scenery and reveal the purpose of giving poems. It shows that although the winter scenery is bleak and cold, it also has fruitful and mature harvest, but it is incomparable in other seasons. The poet wrote this to describe a person's prime of life. Although youth has passed, it is also the golden stage of maturity and great achievements in life. Encourage friends to cherish this wonderful time, be optimistic and make unremitting efforts, and never be depressed and laugh at yourself. Su Shi's To Liu Jingwen was written in five years (1090), and Su Shi was appointed as the secretariat of Hangzhou. "Tiaoxi Fishing Hidden from Conghua" says that this poem sings about the scenery in early winter, "The song is wonderful." Although this poem is written for, it is about the scenery in late autumn, and there is no mention of Liu's moral articles. This does not seem to be the proper meaning in the title, but in fact, the author's genius lies in praising Liu's character and moral integrity. Into the description of the early winter scenery without trace. Because in the author's opinion, the most beautiful scenery in a year is the orange-green early winter scenery. Citrus, like pine and cypress, can best represent people's noble character and loyal moral integrity. When the ancients wrote about autumn scenery, the weather was mostly gloomy and permeated with the feeling of sad autumn. But there is an abnormal situation here, which writes a rich scene of late autumn, reveals vitality and gives people a feeling of high spirits. Therefore, Hu Zai, a poet in the Song Dynasty, compared it with Han Yu's poem "Early Spring is Zhang Eighteen Members of the Ministry of Water Affairs", saying that "the two poems are different in terms of the same poetry, and the songs are all wonderful" ("Tiaoxi Fishing in Hidden Conghua"). Lotus and chrysanthemum are the objects of chanting by poets of past dynasties, which often leave a good impression on people, but why does this poem describe the images of lotus and chrysanthemum in a highly general way from the beginning, showing a picture of late autumn? This is entirely to emphasize and highlight the best scenes of the year: orange and green. Although orange and orange are neck and neck, in fact, people in the city are inclined to orange, because orange symbolizes many virtues, so Qu Yuan wrote Ode to Orange to praise orange, mainly praising orange's independence, fine white color, selflessness and superiority to Boyi. The conclusion of this poem has this meaning, which combines scenery, things and people, and implicitly praises Liu Jingwen's character and disposition [1].
Creation background
This poem was written in the early winter of 1090 (five years in Yuan You). At that time, Su Shi was working in Hangzhou, and Liu Ye, who was also the commander-in-chief of Zhejiang and Zhejiang, was in Hangzhou. The two have a close relationship and have a deep deal. On the one hand, the poet regarded Liu Jingwen as a national scholar and recommended himself by begging for Liu Ji's grandson; On the other hand, encourage this poem. (When Su Shi wrote this poem, Liu was 58 years old, and his illness was inevitable. )
Brief introduction of the author
Su Shi (1037 ~110/) was born in Meishan, Northern Song Dynasty. He is a famous writer, politician, painter and calligrapher. With Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan, Ouyang Xiu, Su Xun, Su Zhe, Wang Anshi and Ceng Gong in the Song Dynasty, they were also called the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties. He is knowledgeable and versatile, and has high attainments in calligraphy, painting, poetry and prose. His calligraphy, together with Cai Xiang, Huang Tingjian and Mi Fei, is also called "the Four Great Masters of Song Dynasty". He is good at painting bamboo and strange stones, and also has outstanding opinions on painting theory and calligraphy theory. He is a literary leader after Ouyang Xiu in the Northern Song Dynasty, and his prose is as famous as Ouyang Xiu. Poetry is like the name of Huang Tingjian; His words are magnificent and bold, and his words are graceful and restrained. Known as "Su Xin" with Xin Qiji in the Southern Song Dynasty, * * * is an uninhibited poet. Su Shi
In the second year of Jiayou (1057), he was a scholar, and was appointed as the master book of Fuchang County, and the bookmaker of Fengxiang Prefecture was called the History Museum. In the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), when Zongshen knew Huzhou, he was appointed as the censor. In the third year, he was demoted to Huangzhou Yong ying ambassador, built a room in Dongpo, and was named Dongpo layman. Later, the money was transferred to the United States. Zhezong Yuanyou returned to Korea in the first year (1086), and was the founder of Ren Zhongshu, with a bachelor's degree in Hanlin. Know the patent. He was dismissed in nine years and exiled to Huizhou and Danzhou for three years (1 100). He was recalled to the north and died in Changzhou. The existing Complete Works of Dongpo 1 15 volumes. Liu Jingwen, whose name is Ji Sun, was born in Kaifeng Xiangfu (now Kaifeng City, Henan Province) and worked as a wine supervisor in Raozhou. Su Shi praised Liu Jingwen as a "generous man", compared him to Kong Rong, and recommended him to be an official. On the surface, the whole poem only writes about the scenery in late autumn (when it comes to early winter), but in fact it is full of sustenance and heartfelt wishes.