Six Arts refers to six skills: etiquette, music, archery, charioteering, calligraphy, and mathematics.
The aristocratic education system of the Zhou Dynasty began in the Zhou Dynasty in 1046 BC. The official school of the Zhou Dynasty required students to master six basic talents: etiquette, music, archery, imperialism, calligraphy, and mathematics. From "Zhou Li·Bao Shi": "To raise a country's sons with the Tao is to teach six skills: the first is called Five Rituals, the second is called Six Music, the third is called Five Shooting, the fourth is called Five Controls, the fifth is called Six Books, and the sixth is called Nine Numbers. ” This is the so-called “Six Arts” that “comprehends the Five Classics and the Six Arts”.
Extended information:
Usage of the Six Modern Arts
1. "Etiquette"
Those who do not learn "Etiquette" cannot be Li, "Guanzi·Herdsman" said, "If you have a solid warehouse, you will know the etiquette, and if you have enough food and clothing, you will know the honor and disgrace." Civil weddings, funerals, school admissions, apprenticeships, and sacrifices have all had officials (supervisors of rites) since ancient times. Confucius was often the official of rites in previous generations. Official, Confucius learned etiquette when he was young.
2. "Music"
If there is "ritual", there must be "music" to celebrate the Yan feast, and if there is music to celebrate the Yan feast, there must be the accompaniment of Wuyin Gong Shang Jiao Zhengyu In ancient times, the government set up officials in charge of music, and they were responsible for celebrating the joy of swallows in the palace. According to historical records, Confucius had three main teachers. According to legend, he "asked for etiquette from Lao Dan, learned music from Chang Hong, and learned piano from Shi Xiang."
3. "Shooting"
Shooting, "shooting" is one of the six arts in ancient China. Confucius said in "The Analects": "A gentleman will shoot if he has nothing to fight for." It seems that when you rise with your bow and drink from the bottom, you are a gentleman. "Today's "shooting" art should actually take into account the past and present, including modern pistols, rifles, and other live-fire shooting sports, as well as ancient archery and slingshots. , shoot crossbow.
4. "Yu"
Yu, the scope of "Yu" is driving, but both in modern and ancient times, it includes the "driving science" of transportation and politics, leadership, and “driving science” in the field of management.
5. "Book"
Book, "Book" as the name suggests, is the art of calligraphy and painting. It would be wrong to count calligraphy and painting as a skill. Chinese calligraphy and painting are not only an elegant skill, It is also a tool and magic weapon for cultivating the mind and character. Many bureaucrats place their affection on calligraphy and painting, not only to practice their skills. The drunkard’s intention is not to drink. Let the readers think twice.
6. What is "number"?
Number is the number of mathematics. In modern times, it has been extended to the number of "mathematical and physical chemistry". Ancient Chinese mathematics has been very developed very early. The formation of the ancient Chinese mathematical system was marked by the emergence of "Nine Chapters on Arithmetic" in the Han Dynasty.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Six Arts