The characteristics of ancient literati paintings in China:
1. Literati paintings are mostly based on landscapes, flowers and birds, plum blossoms, bamboo and chrysanthemum, wood and stone, etc., so as to express their "spirit" or personal ambitions. Literati paintings of past dynasties have a considerable influence on the aesthetic thought of Chinese painting and the development of ink painting, freehand brushwork and other techniques.
2. Artistic conception is the characteristic of literati painting, and it has the pursuit of "realm" from emotion to spirit. Painting and watching paintings are both immersive, and they are developing to a deeper level of aesthetic activities. First, they are close to nature, return to nature, and integrate with nature, so that the subjective and objective world is always new with the times, which is called new. Second, imperceptibly in the profound realm of true realm, divine realm and wonderful realm, cultivate sentiment, purify the soul and reach the sublimation of spiritual realm!
3. Literati painting is a comprehensive art, which integrates literature, calligraphy, painting and seal cutting. It is a concentrated expression of the painter's various cultural qualities, especially the relationship with calligraphy.
The unique rhythm and rhythm formed by the severity of strokes and the density of dotted lines should reflect the painter's unique mentality, temperament and personality in the creative process, and organically combine these with the form and spirit of the things expressed, so that the heart and hand are in harmony with each other, the traces are broken and connected, and the strokes are not intentional.
Extended information:
When literati painting came into being in the Northern Song Dynasty, it mainly refers to not a distinctive painting style, but a recognition and expectation of the literati class for their own creative activities, so as to draw a clear line with those professional painters.
After the Southern Song Dynasty, the Yuan Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty, the concept of literati painting was constantly changing and developing, and the relationship between literati painting, academy painting and painter's works became more and more complicated and subtle. Su Shi's admiration for the literati class has gained a new echo in Dong Qichang's theory of "Southern Sect and Northern Sect". ?
Aesthetics studies people's liberation and freedom, which is exactly what literati painting embodies. It constantly reduces its visual effect, liberates itself from technology, and adds poetry, literature, people's style and people's taste. Even let it become a kind of symbolism, and the theme of Mei Lan Zhu Ju becomes a kind of symbolism.
Literati painting is not about painting skills per se, but about "meaning beyond painting". This "meaning beyond painting" is the fundamental reason why the gold content of "literati painting" is higher than that of "painter painting". The inside of the painting can be traced, but the outside of the painting is hard to find, because the "outside of the painting" needs rich learning and life accumulation to achieve.
Baidu encyclopedia-literati painting