What effective reading methods have you learned?

(1) Extensive reading means extensive reading, which means wide reading, wide knowledge and general knowledge. We should not only read books on natural science, but also books on social science. Excellent works of different styles in ancient and modern China and foreign countries should be widely read, learn from others' strengths and innovate. When Marx wrote Das Kapital, he studied 1500 kinds of books and collected a lot of preparation materials through reading. (2) Intensive reading Zhu said in "Reading Essentials": "Generally speaking, you must read carefully first, so that everything you say comes from my mouth; After careful consideration, I can make my words come from the heart, and then I can save myself. " The "close reading and careful thinking" here is intensive reading. In other words, it is necessary to read and think carefully, ponder and study repeatedly, and analyze and evaluate at the same time, so as to understand thoroughly, understand the heart and absorb the essence. Books and masterpieces of this major should adopt this method. Only by careful study and careful chewing can the article be "dug, researched and refined". It can be said that intensive reading is the most important reading method. (3) Full reading means reading and browsing books, newspapers and magazines from beginning to end. The purpose is to read, read and understand the whole picture, so as to get a complete impression and get a "bird's eye view" effect. This method can be used in more important books, newspapers and magazines. (4) Skipping this is a skipping method. You can put aside the irrelevant content in the book, grasp the bones and muscles of the book, and focus on the views of each paragraph. Sometimes when you encounter a problem in reading and you can't figure it out after repeated thinking, you can skip it and continue reading backwards. (5) Speed reading This is a kind of speed reading method, that is, Tao Yuanming advocated "good reading, not asking for a solution". You can scan the article quickly and only understand the general idea of the article. This method can speed up reading and expand reading volume, and is suitable for reading similar books or reference books. (6) Skimming This is a rough reading method. When reading, you can just flip through it and get a general understanding; You can also grasp the key sentences of comments, find out the main points, and understand the main facts or typical examples. This part of the content is often at the beginning or end of the article, and you can get a general understanding by paying attention to the title, introduction or end to achieve the purpose of reading. (7) Rereading valuable books can not be read only once, but can be read repeatedly, so as to "review the old and learn the new". Voltaire, a famous thinker and writer, thinks that "rereading old books is like reunion of old friends". Repetition is the mother of learning. Repetitive learning is conducive to deepening the understanding of knowledge and is an enhancer for deepening memory. (8) Writing and reading The old saying goes: "Don't read without moving pen and ink", and there is also a saying that "a good memory is not as good as a bad pen". The combination of reading with doing excerpts, remembering experiences and writing articles can not only accumulate a lot of materials, but also effectively improve the writing level, enhance reading ability and transform knowledge into skills and skills. (9) Preface Before reading a book, you can read the preface and examples of the book first, understand the summary of the content, clarify the procedure and purpose of writing a book, and read it with guidance. After reading it, you can read the preface and examples again to deepen your understanding and consolidate your improvement. (10) Choosing reading means choosing while reading. Throughout the ages, human cultural treasures are extremely rich. After all, a person's energy is limited. If you don't choose, you won't have a good result if you grab your eyebrows and beard. You can choose a bibliography to read according to your own situation, which can get twice the result with half the effort. 1 1 Reading excerpts can't be read-only or just experienced. It is necessary to extract good words and sentences, read them diligently, and achieve "reading thousands of books and writing like a god".