Peng Yulin, also known as Xueqin, was born in Anqing Prefecture, Anhui Province. A famous politician and military strategist in the Qing Dynasty. In the late Qing Dynasty, he was the commander of the navy and the leader of the Hunan Army. He was known as Xueshuai. Together with Zeng Guofan and Zuo Zongtang, he is known as the Three Heroes of the Qing Dynasty. Together with Zeng Guofan, Zuo Zongtang and Hu Linyi, he is also known as the "Four Famous Ministers of the ZTE" of the Qing Dynasty. He is the founder of the Hunan Navy and the founder of the modern Chinese navy. He served as governor of Liangjiang, minister of Nanyang Commerce, and minister of the Ministry of War. In his spare time from the military, Peng Yulin painted and composed poems, and was famous for his plum paintings. His poems were later collected and published by Yu Quyuan, titled "Collection of Peng Gangzhi's Poems" (eight volumes), which contains more than 500 poems. Chinese name: Peng Yulin Alias: Peng Xueqin Nationality: Chinese Ethnicity: Han Birthplace: Anqing, Anhui Date of birth: December 14, 1816 Date of death: March 6, 1890 Occupation: politician, military strategist, painter Representative works: "Collection of Peng Yulin", "Pictures of Plum Blossoms" Peng Yulin (1817~1890), whose courtesy name was Shaohe, later changed to Xueqin, and whose name was retired as the master of the provincial nunnery. His ancestral home was Zhajiang, Hengyang. He was born in Anqing, Anhui, along with Zeng Guofan, Zuo Zongtang and Hu Linyi. They are also known as "the four famous ministers of late Qing Dynasty and ZTE". In the twelfth year of Daoguang's reign (1832), he returned home with his father Peng Mingjiu and studied at Shigu Academy. In the third year of Xianfeng (1853), Zuozeng Guofan established the Hunan Navy in Hengzhou, and later took charge of its affairs, purchasing foreign cannons and building large ships. In the fourth year of Xianfeng's reign, the Taiping Navy was defeated in succession in Xiangtan, Hunan, Wuhan, Hubei, and Tianjia Town. In the fifth year of Xianfeng's reign, he was defeated by Shi Dakai at Hukou in Jiangxi Province. Later, he made every effort to expand his army, gradually controlled the water surface of the Yangtze River, and participated in the siege of Jiujiang and Anqing. In the tenth year of Xianfeng's reign, he was promoted from the commander of the Navy to the admiral of the Navy. In the ninth year of Guangxu (1883), he was appointed Minister of the Ministry of War and was ordered to go to Guangdong to handle defense. Later, he begged to return to Hengzhou because of his illness. In the twelfth year of Guangxu (1886), he donated twelve thousand taels of salary to rebuild Chuanshan Academy on Dongzhou Island. In the 16th year of Guangxu's reign, he died of illness in his residence on the east bank of the Yangtze River. The Qing court posthumously awarded the prince the title of Taibao and the posthumous title of Upright, and established special temples in Hunan provinces where he was originally from and where he had made meritorious services. In his spare time from military affairs, Peng Yulin wrote poems and became famous for his plum paintings. The calligraphy is extraordinary. "Manuscripts of the History of the Qing Dynasty" states that "all the memorials and tablets in his life were hand-cut" and "every time they were published, they were passed down to the world." The poems were collected and published by Yu Quyuan under the title "Collection of Peng Gangzhi's Poems" (eight volumes), which contains more than 500 poems. In August 2003, Yuelu Publishing House compiled and published "The Collection of Peng Yulin" (three volumes). Life story: At the age of 16, he returned to his hometown with his father. After his father's death, the tribesmen seized his land and took refuge in Hengzhou Prefecture, where he studied at Shigu Academy. He joined Hengzhou Xiebiao Camp as secretary and received a monthly salary to support his family. The magistrate of Hengzhou, an eminent scholar, occasionally saw his writing while sitting at a guest's table, and he highly praised him. He also recruited him to study in the office, and he was recruited as a student. In the 30th year of Daoguang's reign (1850), Li Yuan of Xinning launched an uprising, and followed him from Hengzhou to suppress it. From Xinning and Jingzhou, it crosses the border to Guizhou and Guangxi. When the matter was decided, the Foreign Affairs Committee of Linwuying was removed and returned to Hengyang. Xuan was hired by the wealthy businessman Yang Zichun and went to Leiyang to manage his account. In the third year of Xianfeng (1853), Zeng Guofan was in charge of the army in Hengxiang. At that time, Ding was worried about his family. At Zeng Guofan's invitation, he founded the navy, purchased foreign cannons, built ships, and made camp regulations. In the fourth year of Xianfeng (1854), the Taiping Army marched westward to Hunan. In March, he led the navy to cooperate with Taqibu's land camp and defeated the Taiping Army in Xiangtan. The county magistrate is described by his merits (the seventh grade). After going north, he fell into Yuezhou and was promoted to Tongzhi (the fifth rank). In August, he led the navy to attack Wuhan and burned more than a thousand warships on the inland rivers of Hanyang trapped by the Taiping Army. In November, he joined forces with the army's Taqibu troops to attack Tianjia Town, used a large ax to cut off the Taiping army's iron cables blocking the river, burned about 3,000 of their ships, and named them as prefects (from the fourth grade). Later, at Hukou in Jiangxi Province, they were intercepted by Shi Dakai of the Taiping Army. They were divided into two parts: the outer river and the inner lake, and their combat effectiveness was weakened. In the first month of the fifth year of Xianfeng's reign (1855), the Waijiang fleet was attacked by the Taiping Army at night and fled to Xindi. After reorganization, he fought many battles with the Taiping Army in Hubei. At that time, Zeng Guofan was trapped in Jiangxi and called for help. Went on foot to Nanchang, recruited brave men to build ships, and replenished the inner lake navy. In the first month of the sixth year of Xianfeng (1856), he defeated the Taiping Army in Zhangshu Town, Linjiang and other places, and promoted Guangdong Huichao Jiadao (fourth grade). Looking to capture Jianchang and Nankang. In the seventh year of Xianfeng (1857), the water and land battalions moved down the river from Hubei, besieged Jiujiang, captured Hukou, and reunited the trapped navy in the lake with the navy outside the river, and were given the title of inspector (third grade). In the eighth year of Xianfeng (1858), Jiujiang was captured and he was given the title of Chief Envoy (from the second rank). In the eleventh year of Xianfeng's reign (1861), Chuangfei organized the camp, carried the boat into the lake, and cooperated with the army to break through the Taiping Army camp in the Linghu area. He fell into Anqing and was awarded the title of Governor of Anhui (Second Grade).
Three times he wrote a few poems, saying: "I started from the army, lived on a warship for a long time, and wore short straw hats." "Begging", "What's more, I am overwhelmed by the heavy responsibility". The Qing court believed that he was "truthful and not deceitful", so he was appointed as Admiral of the Navy (second grade) and was awarded the title of Zuo Shilang of the Ministry of War. In the first year of Tongzhi (1862), he led the navy to respond to Zeng Guoquan's army, which moved eastward along the river and fell into Jinzhu Pass, Dongliang Mountain, Wuhu and other places in Anhui. After seizing Jiangxinzhou and Pubaozhou, they entered the moat mouth of Tianjing (now Nanjing). Zeng Guoquan led the army to rely on the navy, drove the army straight in, and forced Yuhuatai. In the second year of Tongzhi (1863), Jiangpu, Jiusuzhou, and Pukou were trapped, cutting off Tianjing's grain roads, and encircling Tianjing. In the third year of Tongzhi (1863), he captured Tianjing and was awarded the title of first-class light chariot captain, and the title of Prince Shaobao (second grade). The following year, he issued an imperial edict to the Governor of Water Transport (the second grade), but he resigned again. In the seventh year of Tongzhi (1868), the Yangtze River Navy was established. He and Zeng Guofan reported to Zeng Guofan that the structure of the Yangtze River Navy was: "From Jingzhou and Yuezhou to Chongming County for more than 5,000 miles, there will be an admiral. There will be five soldiers in total, with six By the time of the flood season, the camp had 798 sentry officers and 12,000 soldiers. "In the spring of the next year, he returned to his hometown. Because the old house in Zhajiang was abandoned, he built a three-story house in Hengzhou Prefecture, which was called "Tuisheng'an". In the eleventh year of Tongzhi (1872), I was ordered to inspect the navy along the river. I found many shortcomings. Things were often assigned, and the helmsman of the pole division might not be able to operate the boat according to the oars. After sorting out matters, more than 180 camp sentry officers were impeached and dismissed. Li Chengmou was recommended as admiral and ordered to conduct inspections once a year. In the seventh year of Guangxu (1881), he was appointed Governor of Liangjiang and Minister of Nanyang Commerce (Second Grade 1). No matter how hard he resigned, he still remained in charge of Jiangfang and Haiphong. In the ninth year of Guangxu (1883), he was promoted to Minister of the Ministry of War (second grade), but his remarks were not allowed. In the tenth year of Guangxu (1884), the Sino-French war broke out, and he was ordered to go to Guangdong to handle defense. He mobilized 4,000 Hunan troops to go by sea, and led his entourage to Guangzhou by land. After gathering, the Hunan army inspected the terrain, inspected the forts and barracks, renovated the Humen Fortress, strengthened the coastal areas, fortified Shajiao, dug rock holes into cannon holes to cover the soldiers, organized Shahu fishing boats, and guarded Hengmen and Mo Daomen, Yamen and other coastal areas and seaports. In consultation with Zhang Shusheng, the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, we organized group training on the spot. In accordance with army regulations, battalion officers were carefully selected and drilled diligently to train a force to defend the country and resist aggression in a short period of time. In the eleventh year of Guangxu (1885), the French army invaded Langshan and spied on Guangxi. They led veteran general Feng Zicai to fight against the French army. They sent troops out of Guangdong and sent generals to defend the Qinzhou and Lingshan positions. In the battles of Zhennan Pass and Lang Son, he won a complete victory. He went to Shu to lead the battle many times and opposed the peace negotiation. There was a saying in Shu that "five things can be fought and five things cannot be reconciled". . Not long after, the peace agreement was concluded and the war ceased and the troops were withdrawn. He was so angry that he even asked for strict preparations for war and defense to avoid future troubles. In the autumn of that year, I begged to return home due to illness. In the 14th year of Guangxu's reign (1888), he went on a tour of the Yangtze River Navy while he was ill. After arriving in Anqing, he returned to his hometown due to declining illness. In March of the 16th year of Guangxu (1890), he died of illness in Tui Sheng'an on the east bank of the Xiangjiang River in Hengzhou. He was able to write poems all his life, and he was always full of energy and outspoken, with a unique style. He especially liked to paint plum blossoms, with vertical branches and trees full of flowers, which was widely circulated throughout the country. The prince was given the title of Taibao, the posthumous title of Upright, and a special temple was built. He is the author of "Peng Gangzhigong's Memorial" and "Peng Gangzhigong's Poetry Collection". Character evaluation 1. Throughout his life, he has been in love with plum blossoms, painted plum blossoms, and praised plum blossoms. He regards plum blossoms as a close friend and his beloved wife. 2. Talented and unique, he incorporates emotion into painting and poetry. 3. He wholeheartedly promoted the construction of the navy in the late Qing Dynasty and became the founder of the modern Chinese navy. 4. Resourceful, fierce and brave, fearless of life and death. 5. He resigned from high-ranking officials six times in his life, but when he was old, he was ordered to defend against foreign enemies. 6. A life of integrity, uprightness, selflessness and fearlessness, and hatred of evil as much as hatred. The founder of China’s modern navy, Peng Yulin’s contribution to the Hunan Army was no less than that of Zeng Guofan, Zuo Zongtang and others. Peng Yulin was not only the founder of the Hunan Navy, but also the founder of China's modern navy. He was born into a scholar who was poor in his early years and worked as an apprentice and accountant. However, with his extraordinary courage and intelligence, Peng Yulin joined Zeng Guofan's camp and commanded the Hunan Navy. In several major battles to suppress the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, Peng Yulin relied on a His "life-threatening" domineering and ruthless energy achieved extraordinary military exploits. He dealt with the navy all his life. After the civil strife subsided, he was ordered to found the Yangtze River Navy. In his later years, he became ill and served as the imperial envoy at the forefront of Guangdong's coastal defense. He boldly used veteran Feng Zicai to win the famous "Zhennan" victory in the Sino-French War. Guan Dajie".