How to teach children to learn strokes?

Learning basic strokes well is the basic project of learning calligraphy, so we should make more efforts. There are different opinions about the number of basic strokes of Chinese characters. According to legend, there are only eight basic strokes. Practice has proved that it is correct. As long as children really master these eight basic strokes, all Chinese characters can be written according to the requirements of calligraphy. Our study is conducted according to the old rules, but there are some changes to some extent. Learning eight basic strokes has always started with stippling. We found stippling difficult to write, so we began to use horizontal painting instead. This is easy to difficult and the effect is better. At the same time, make eight basic strokes into a larger wall chart, using red and black colors. Red indicates the strokes to be learned in this class, and the basic strokes to be learned are marked with dotted lines. One more thing, according to children's psychological characteristics, when learning basic strokes, don't just write horizontally, but vertically, and learn with Chinese characters. 1. How to draw horizontally? At first glance, crossing painting seems simple, but it is not simple for children aged 5 or 6. First, because horizontal painting has several characteristics, we must grasp it; Second, master certain methods to write; Third, the child began to write for the first time. As the saying goes, everything is difficult at the beginning. Horizontal painting is the first stroke of learning, of course, it is more difficult. In order to let children know and master the skills of writing horizontal painting as soon as possible, horizontal painting can be divided into two aspects. ① First understand the basic form of horizontal painting. What does the horizontal painting look like? First, the horizontal position is slightly lower on the left and slightly higher on the right; Second, the horizontal appearance is a square head and a round tail. (2) Learn to write horizontally. In order to write the square head and round tail of horizontal painting, we need the correct writing: we should start writing against the front; Then press the pen to the lower right; Then turn the pen to the front; Then write against the front; Raise a pen; Draw hard to the lower right; Turn the pen and close the front end. In order to make it easy for children to master the writing method of horizontal painting, we have compiled such a ballad: when writing horizontal painting, remember that the left side is slightly lower and the right side is slightly higher, the square head and the round tail should be clearly remembered, and write against the front and return to the front. When learning horizontal painting, you must be patient, spend more time and practice guidance repeatedly. In order to avoid monotony and make children feel bored, don't let them write horizontally blindly, but practice the strokes they want to say with complete words. For example, let children write: one, two, three, Wang, Tu, etc. Although they are ugly at first, they can write enthusiastically because of freshness and curiosity. What is worth mentioning here is that adults must enthusiastically encourage their children to write for the first time: OK! All right! Very good! Every child's homework is willing to be handed over to the teacher in person, and he wants to hear the teacher's praise. At this time, the teacher must take the homework in hand to show that he likes it very much, praise it a lot, and try to hang it up for him, so that the children can feel happy and encouraged, thus further stimulating their interest in learning and maintaining their enthusiasm for learning. Never show impatience or frustration, and never tear up your child's homework in front of him. 2. The writing method of vertical painting. With the foundation of horizontal painting, it is much easier to learn vertical painting. Regarding the basic forms of vertical painting, we put forward two kinds of vertical painting: hanging needle vertical painting and hanging dew vertical painting, because these are the most common two kinds of vertical painting. Some people think that teaching children is mainly to let them remember some basic knowledge and should not emphasize any understanding ability. Actually, it's wrong to think so. It is precisely because preschool children's understanding ability is relatively low that we should be inspired from this aspect, because understanding ability is also cultivated. It is absolutely unacceptable to learn by rote. When we teach children to learn to write vertical pictures, we must first review horizontal pictures carefully. At the same time, when reviewing the crossing painting, we should constantly inspire children to think more: What are the similarities and differences between the vertical painting and the crossing painting? Because of this inspiration and guidance, children will soon give a clear answer: horizontal painting is horizontal, vertical painting is vertical, vertical painting has a pointed tail, horizontal painting is not. Ask them what they have in common, and they say: Go back to the front when writing horizontally and vertically. They will also say that the vertical appearance is similar to the vertical painting, and it is also a square head and a round tail. This is association, this is children's imagination, and this is their understanding ability. It is very important to educate children in this way and let them relate what they have learned. After a long time, you can draw inferences from one another and achieve twice the result with half the effort. This not only increases children's calligraphy knowledge, improves their writing ability, but also develops their intelligence. The ballad of this paragraph is: when writing vertical paintings, remember that there are hanging needles and dew. The tail of the hanging needle is pointed and the hanging tail is round. Write vertically first, and don't forget to reverse the pen. On the basis of memorizing ballads, teachers should lead children to understand the lines of vertical painting carefully according to the handouts prepared in advance, and patiently explain where to go against the front, where to press the pen, where to go forward, where to write, where to start writing, where to stop writing and where to return to the front (collect the pen). The teacher pointed at the wall chart with a stick and asked the child to straighten his right hand and point to the strokes on the wall chart. Teachers and students sang and read it several times together. Don't let most children write until they hear and understand. When learning vertical painting, children can practice writing: ten, abundant, dry, downward, line and so on. It not only reviews the horizontal painting in the previous section, but also leads to the sketch to be learned in the next section, which plays a connecting role, maintains the coherence of learning and consolidates the learning results. In order to adjust the learning atmosphere, the teacher can tell the child a story about a black blind man breaking corn, and finally deduct it into the topic, instead of losing one like a black blind man, leaving only one for a long time. We learn calligraphy, and so do basic strokes. Don't forget to draw horizontally when you learn to draw vertically. Practice everything you have learned, and remember it. 3. The writing method of sketch. Before learning how to sketch, we should carefully review the writing method of vertical painting, especially the writing method of vertical painting with hanging needles. If children can really write hanging needles, it is quite easy to sketch. Just like the ballad in this paragraph: It is not difficult to write a sketch. Hang the needle vertically, turn a corner and look like the tip of a knife. It is not difficult to sketch, but it is not too difficult to sketch after learning to hang the needle vertically. Just bend the hanging needle vertically. However, it should be emphasized that if you want to write a sketch like the tip of a knife, you must start writing against the front, turn the pen to the front, keep the center, write against the front, and send the nib to the place with the strength of your wrist. You can't throw a pen or give up halfway. When the pen is almost finished, gradually lift the pen, slowly send out the pen tip with the pen tip, and then evacuate the pen. 4. The way this picture is written. This picture looks very beautiful, just like a gosling drinking water. Pot-bellied, sharp neck and tail is the skeleton. Against the front, the pen spreads out the front and naturally drags it to the side. This is a ballad about learning to draw. Drawing is one of the eight basic strokes that are difficult to write, and it looks good when written. In order for children to write this painting well, they should not only make full use of the knowledge of the first three strokes, but also make more efforts to explain it carefully and repeatedly, and give more specific guidance in the process of guiding writing. Individual children with slow progress should be tutored several times. There are three points to focus on here: First, twists and turns. What is a wave? What is a discount? Wave actually refers to painting. Why is it called a wave? Because the shape of the painting is a bit like a wave. This is an image metaphor of ancient painting. Come to think of it, this painting really looks like running water from a high slope. "30% off" means that there are three changes in a painting. Don't make children feel too complicated, just say: twists and turns are three bends in the painting, that's all. Of the three bends, the first is the shortest, the second is the longest and the third is flat. Calligraphy requires a 30% discount on pressing, and more than 10% discount is regarded as a sick pen. Second, go against the front and pave the way. After understanding the truth of twists and turns, I understand the general lines of strokes and see the skeleton of strokes, but it is not enough to write a skeleton with a brush, it must be flesh and blood. When it comes to writing the front and paving the front, it is the method of writing. That is, according to the tortuous route, write a little pen backwards, even if the first fold is completed; Then, the strokes are gradually unfolded along the slope from top left to bottom right, that is, the strokes are gradually unfolded from light to heavy, and the written strokes are from fine to thick, and the second folding task is completed when the strokes are the thickest. Third, drag sideways. This is a unique way to write Wallace. Flat drag is the end of the second folding; After the third fold starts, the nib stops for a while, and then pulls the nib horizontally outward. Side-out means that while dragging horizontally, the pen tip should rotate clockwise to be side-forward, so that the pen tip can come out along the upper side of the third fold. The word "drag" used here is a special drawing action. Why delay? Because of the requirements of calligraphy, the tip of the elbow is not allowed to move when writing any strokes except painting (except hanging the elbow). You are only allowed to move when writing pictures. In order to let children see every process of writing and drawing clearly, it is best to perform on the blackboard with hands instead of pens. The method is that the teacher put the five fingers of his right hand together and said to the children, this is a big brush with only five brushes. Then the thumb is gradually folded upward, the tip of the middle finger is attached to the upper side, the five fingers are gradually close together, and the pointed picture is pulled out at the same time. Tell the children: Look! This is the flat drag side. The dragging method is said to have been left by Wang Xizhi, a sage of calligraphy. When Wang Xizhi was young, he studied calligraphy very hard. One day, all the other strokes were written almost, except for Wallace, who was very dissatisfied. So he hid in the study in the back garden and concentrated on studying how to write the painting well. Write, write, I don't know how many times I have written it, but it is still not ideal. Seeing that it was already noon, Wang Xizhi forgot to eat his meal and kept writing. His wife was afraid that Wang Xizhi was hungry and was busy delivering him meals. The lady came into the study with food, and said softly as soon as she entered the door, don't write yet, wash your hands and eat! Wang Xizhi wrote so attentively that he didn't hear it at all. The lady smiled secretly, took a few steps forward and said, let's eat! Wang Xizhi still didn't hear it. The lady thought, I'm fascinated! So he took the food and walked slowly to Wang Xizhi's side, grabbed the sleeve of his right hand and tugged it gently, saying, Let's eat! Wang Xizhi's handwriting was written in the third fold, which was dragged by his wife. As a result, he took out a very beautiful painting. Wang Xizhi shouted happily: Good! I almost knocked out the food and left this sentence. After telling this story to children, it can cheer up the spirit and stimulate interest. 5. The writing method of stippling. I have learned horizontal, vertical, left and right strokes, and it is much easier to learn some painting. There is a general view on the writing of stippling. Picking up a pen and filling it with ink is considered a good stippling. Actually, this is not right. Be sure to make it clear to your child that any stroke in calligraphy can not be written at once, but can be written through several processes, and so can stippling. When writing some pictures, you should also enter the pen against the front, press the pen, stroke the pen, stop writing and go back to the front. The stippling written in this way can be full, round and varied, and it is a vivid painting, not a fast knot. In order to write a good picture, we wrote a ballad for the children: stippling a big melon seed, like a frog without legs, bending the pen forward, like drawing a flat circle. When writing some pictures, we should pay attention to the following three points: first, never show off at the beginning of writing, that is, go against the trend and write. When you press the pen, be careful not to make the drawing point too sharp. If the frog's mouth is too sharp, it is not a frog. Second, stippling should write the bow with flat belly and back, that is, the frog has a flat belly and a round back. Be careful not to write a hollow belly. This is called a sick pen, which is taboo in calligraphy. Third, the ballad says: It's like drawing a flat circle, but you must never draw it. Painting and writing are two fundamentally different things. Painting is often painted and rubbed, and writing depends on the strength of lifting, pressing, stopping and falling of the wrist. So just like it, but it doesn't mean so. When guiding children to write some pictures, you can write the following words; Jade, step, river, half, etc. 6. The way to choose pictures. The difference between picking a painting and other strokes is that you can start with the front exposed, then press the pen to the lower right, then turn it from the upper right to the front, then make a front, and then make a front to the upper right. The ballad of writing and drawing is: Writing and drawing is like looking up numbers. Expose the front of the pen, spread it out, turn the front up half a turn, and pick out the nib at the top right. It seems that writing and matting are checked here, referring to the line of writing and matting. When the front is turned up, it is necessary to combine the wrist strength with the method of twisting the pen by hand, and it is necessary to turn the front out before the top right front is picked out. Be a center, not a winger. The strokes picked out from the side forward are not only uneven and irregular on the lower side, but also lack strength, thickness and roundness. Painting also has two basic forms. One is like short left upside down, called straight pick; The other is to add a short pick to the upper right of stippling, so it is called stippling, also called stippling. If you can write some pictures, you can write some pictures, and naturally you can write some pictures. In this section, let the children write: Yi, Da, Ci, He and so on. 7. How to write the left hook? This is an original masterpiece. What does this word mean? Why is it called Juehua? Looking through many books, I didn't get a clear answer. Only one book says that syncope means bending over, and the way a person bends down and tiptoes forward is syncope. Obviously, it is called the left hook, because there is a hook painting below, so it is called the right hook to show the difference. Left hook and right hook are actually compound strokes, that is, two strokes are put together. Hook painting can only be combined with vertical painting or horizontal painting, otherwise it cannot be revealed. At first glance, hook painting seems difficult to write. In fact, if you are skilled in drawing horizontally and vertically, hook painting is easy to write well. Writing a left hook like this is actually to write a vertical picture first, then enter the pen in front, press the pen forward, stroke, lift the pen, stop the pen and return to the front, stop the pen to the front and back, then adjust the pen to the front, and then leave the front, which is a good hook painting. The folk song goes like this: the left hook is like an inverted goose head, flat on the top and round on the bottom. Draw vertically to the end, return to the pen and pick to the left. Because our family education is based on swallowtail, and swallowtail figures pay attention to the portrait of goose head, we should pay special attention to the fact that the upper edge should be flat and the lower edge should be round, and we should twist the pen with wrist and fingers. Writeable; Ding, Yu, Zi, Cun, etc. 8. How to write a check mark? Learning left hook and right hook will not be a problem, because left hook and right hook look basically the same, but in opposite directions, one facing left and the other facing right. However, it needs to be clear that the right hook has a straight hook, and its shape is very different from that of the left hook, such as adding a short pick under the vertical painting, such as the words Changhe Stone and Min. Because I have learned how to draw vertically and pick pictures, I can understand it as soon as I say it. You can write two strokes at the beginning of this straight line, and one stroke at the time of writing. The ballad in this passage goes like this: the right hook is very similar to the left hook, but in different directions. The center made a circle with a pen. Put the pen up and pick out the nib. As I said before, the right hook is written in the same way as the left hook, but in the opposite direction. The left hook should be written with a flat top and a running head at the bottom, and the right hook should be written with a running head outside the straight inner circle. When practicing, you can write, one, one, nine, heart and so on. Basic strokes, here is the end. The next step is to continue learning the morphological changes, basic structure, composition and so on of these eight basic strokes. Learning should be gradual, from the shallow to the deep, step by step, not only with great strides, but also slowly and steadily. Because we always learn strokes with complete words, after learning eight basic strokes, most children can write some simple strokes. Although the children are young, they all have a strong thirst for knowledge. Looking at the teacher's handwriting, books, newspapers and plaques on the street, I often envy them. I've always wanted to try and write it myself. Teachers and parents should never throw cold water on children's behavior, let alone criticize them easily, but should give correct guidance. Although it is wrong to say that you are eager for success, on the surface, it seems that you don't listen to the teacher's guidance. Think about it carefully, this is our teaching achievement, which shows that children are really interested in calligraphy. In order to meet the requirements of children, in the process of learning basic strokes, we should review them several times in a planned and purposeful way, so that children can write the words "Peace in the World". In the eyes of children, this is very important, glorious and enjoyable. They feel that they can write like teachers, and their hearts are full of joy. In fact, the teacher intentionally asked them to review the five strokes of horizontal, vertical, left, right and right to further consolidate their learning results, because after learning these five strokes, some words can be written. For example, world peace just includes these five strokes. When writing, we should strengthen guidance and encourage constantly. After writing, they should be hung in classrooms and corridors, marked with a red pen, and some should be stamped with a red seal, so that children can see it for themselves and parents can see it, which not only plays an encouraging role, but also plays a role in comparison and competition. At the same time, it is also convenient for teachers to master the overall learning situation and for parents and teachers to exchange emotions. After learning the eight tricks, arrange several creative classes for a comprehensive review, which is also the final exam. You can write a thousand miles a day, a small ambition, a book with a long history, long live the motherland and things like that. This not only consolidates the learning results of basic strokes, but also lays a good foundation for the next step to learn the morphological changes of basic strokes and learn the basic structure.