1, Emperor Jiaqing
Aisingiorro [yó ng yǐ n] (1760165438+1October13-65438+September 2, 2080), formerly known as Yan Yong, was the seventh emperor of the Qing Dynasty, and the Qing army entered.
Jiaqing year, twenty-five years in office. Born in the 25th year of Qianlong (1760) on November 13th, mother Wei Jiashi (Han nationality). In the fifty-fourth year of Qianlong (1789), he was named Prince Heshuojia.
The armadillo had no real power in the first four years of his rule. After the death of Emperor Qianlong, he took power alone. Hamigidodom hated corruption. He eliminated bureaucracy and punished corrupt officials such as Xiao Shenyang.
However, in order to maintain political stability, his anti-corruption efforts against the ruling class were limited, so that the results were not great. At the end of Jiaqing, the problem of corruption was not solved, but more serious.
His rule coincided with the rise of the world industrial revolution and the decline of the Qing Dynasty. During this period, the Anbaili Uprising occurred, the livelihood of the Eight Banners, river transportation and other issues became increasingly prominent, and opium also flowed into China. The Qing dynasty declined.
In the twenty-fifth year of Jiaqing (1820), the temple was named Renzong, and posthumous title was transported to Chongwen by Tianxing. Emperor Mingying Zherui, who was diligent and devoted to the people by Wu Guangyu, was buried in the Changling of Qing Xiling.
2. Emperor Jiajing
Zhu Houzong (1September, 50716-1June, 5438+1October, 23rd, 567), a native of Anluzhou, was the secretariat of Huguang (now Zhongxiang, Hubei), the grandson of Ming Xianzong, the nephew of Ming Xiaozong and the king of Xingxian.
1 1 was the first emperor in the Ming Dynasty during the Jiajing period, from the 16th year of Zhengde (152 1) to the 45th year of Jiajing (1566).
In the sixteenth year of Zheng De (152 1), Ming Wuzong died on April 20th. Since there was no heir after his death, Zhang Taihou (the mother of Mingwuzong) and Yang Tinghe, the cabinet record, decided that Zhu Houzong, a close relative of the royal family and cousin of Mingwuzong, would inherit the throne.
At the beginning of Zhu Houzong's accession to the throne, he gradually mastered the imperial power through grand ceremonies. In the early days of his rule, he was wise and strict. He was strict with officials and lenient with the people, rectified the political platform, reduced taxes, and revived the national government, which created the situation of Jiajing revival and laid the foundation for the New Deal, Zhang Reform and Jialong Wanda Reform.
Later, he believed in Taoism and favored Yan Song, which led to the corruption of state affairs. In the twenty-first year of Jiajing (1542), he almost died in the "Renyin Palace Rebellion". Since then, Emperor Shizong of Ming Dynasty has been ignoring state affairs for a long time, superstitious about alchemists, wasting people's strength, and finally aroused the peasant uprising.
At the same time, Mongolian Tatar arrived at the gates of Beijing in the 29th year of Jiajing (1550), which was called "Gengxu's Change" in history. The Japanese invaders also invaded the southeast coast of China, and "invading the north from the south" has always been a problem, which has had a great negative impact.
Ming Shizong was very clever, especially in calligraphy and literary accomplishment. At the same time, I am also very sensitive, but I am also very diligent. I often read the tickets to play books after midnight.
In the 45th year of Jiajing (1566), Emperor Jiajing died in Gan Qing Palace at the age of 60. Hall number Sejong, posthumous title, Qintian, Benyi, Shengxuan, Wuhedi. He was buried in Yongling of the Ming Tombs in Beijing, and his third son, Zhu Zaihou, succeeded him to the throne.
Extended data:
I. Achievements of Jiaqing
1, get rid of small Shenyang
In the first month of Jiaqing four years (1799), Qianlong died, and little Shenyang lost its backer. On the fourth day of the fourth month, the armadillo issued an imperial edict: Fu Changan, a close friend of Xiao Shenyang, was relieved of his post as the minister of war, and ordered Xiao Shenyang and Fu Changan to stay up all night, not to leave their posts without leave and cut off their contact with the outside world.
He also deprived the young Shenyang university students, foremen, military ministers, infantry commanders and nine provincial governors of their military and political rights. On the ninth day, Xiao Shenyang and Fu Chang 'an were removed from their posts and sent to the prison of punishments. Small Shenyang's property was confiscated and tried together.
1 1 day, Little Shenyang announced 20 major crimes. Considering that he used to be a foreman's minister of military affairs, he was asked to commit suicide for the sake of court dignity. The case of punishing Xiao Shenyang in the Spring Festival Evening was neither implicated nor expanded.
2. Suppress the Tenrikyo uprising
In the 18th year of Jiaqing (18 13), Emperor Jiaqing left Beijing to hunt in Jehol, and the defense in Beijing was empty, and the Tianjin uprising broke out in the north. Some Tianjin believers rushed into the palace with the help of eunuchs. Mianning, the second son of the emperor (Daoguang Emperor) who was in the palace at that time, killed two Tianjin Christians with a shotgun, and Duke Zhen was transferred to the Firearms Camp.
After learning about this, Emperor Jiaqing wrote a letter to himself, and ordered the bloody slaughter of the rebels who rushed into the palace and trapped the leader Lin Qing outside the city. Subsequently, the uprisings in Tian Li were suppressed one after another.
Second, Jiajing's achievements
1, improve the cabinet
After Ming Taizu deposed the Prime Minister, he had to deal with 400 affairs of state a day, and the number of words he had to read was probably around 200,000. Ming Taizu had to use some bachelors to help him with his administrative work.
It was not until Emperor Jiajing evolved from generation to generation that the cabinet system was formalized: with the name, office location and subordinate staff, all bachelor's levels in the cabinet were upgraded from the original five or six products to two or even one product, which was higher than all officials in the five houses and six departments. Therefore, the cabinet system was finally formed in Jiajing period. ?
2. carry out reforms.
In the early stage of Jiajing, drastic reforms were carried out, such as clearing the fields, guarding the officials in the world, reforming the imperial examination system, and getting rid of the foreign style, which were extensive and achieved remarkable results. So I got a lot of praise. ?
3. Anti-Japanese
On the southeast coast, coastal defense is very empty, with only one-third of the troops in some important areas and one or two warships in ten. Leading to a large-scale invasion by Japanese pirates.
In the three or four years after the thirty-first year of Jiajing (1552), hundreds of thousands of soldiers and civilians in Jiangsu and Zhejiang were killed by the Japanese army. Therefore, the forty-year reign of Emperor Jiajing was the most serious period of Japanese invasion in the southeast coast.
In the end, the anti-Japanese struggle in the southeast coast won a decisive victory, and famous anti-Japanese generals such as Hu Zongxian, Qi Jiguang and Yu emerged, which successfully maintained the stability of the imperial coastal areas and effectively cracked down and put out the Japanese invasion and piracy.
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