The contradiction between Kangxi and Ginza showed the father-son relationship of feudal emperors incisively and vividly.

In feudal times, the relationship between father and son in imperial family was quite special. They are not only father and son, but also monarch and minister, and the issue of succession to the throne will become the fuse of conflict and even power struggle between father and son. Both the emperor and the prince are dominated by the inheritance of the supreme power of the dynasty, which has the characteristics of interest and politicization. The father-son relationship between Emperor Kangxi and Emperor Yaguang is a typical example. The relationship between Kangxi and Yi Yin has experienced four stages of development, with ups and downs and twists and turns. The first stage is the incubation period. Quinn was born in February of the 20th year of Kangxi (168 1), ranking eighth. Thirty-six years, that is, before Yi Yin 17 years old, was the first stage of father and son, and it was the period when Yi Yin accepted exercise. Yi Yin's biological mother, Wei Shi, was born in a humble family. She is a humble family member of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. After she gave birth to Yin Gui, she was canonized as a concubine in thirty-nine years, and later promoted to princess. Although Emperor Kangxi attached great importance to his birth, he did not reduce his care and cultivation of Ginza. Ginza began to receive enlightenment education when she was four or five years old. In June of the 26th year (1687), Kangxi led 7-year-old Yin Gui and several other older princes to the study to recite scriptures. Quinn and others entered the first place, and all the reading was clear, slow and skillful. Emperor Kangxi was very happy and all the ministers were surprised. In August of that year, 7-year-old Yin Gui visited the Great Wall with Kangxi for the first time, which was the youngest among the princes. Yin Zuo was a little longer, and Kangxi found that his calligraphy was not satisfactory. In order to urge improvement, he was ordered to write ten paintings a day, which was corrected by Kangxi himself. This practice continued until Yin Zuo became an adult. Kangxi always attached importance to humility, and the emperor's nine sons were only two years old. However, Kangxi regarded Mei as an elderly prince. As they grew older, these princes all showed their own advantages and disadvantages. Kangxi also had different views on princes. Yi Yin was the last official rank of the old prince, especially valued and cultivated by Kangxi. In October of 32 (1693), the Confucius Temple in Qufu was completed. Yin Zhi, the third son of Emperor Kangxi, attended the memorial ceremony accompanied by Yin Zhen and Yin Gui. This move is one of Kangxi's measures to implement the national policy of respecting Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, which has a strong response inside and outside the ruling and opposition parties. For the prince, this is a rare opportunity to establish prestige and establish contact with local officials, especially Han literati. Kangxi gave up Yin Qi, the fifth son of the emperor, and Ewing, the seventh son, and sent Ewing with him. This also shows that Emperor Kangxi loved and attached importance to Yin Gui. In February of the thirty-fifth year (1696), Kangxi made his first expedition to galdan. Yin Gui, aged 16, was the youngest of the six princes. During the personal expedition, he followed Emperor Kangxi and was ordered to manage the Firearms Camp. During the trip, Quinn also got a hymn from Kangxi: Rongxing personally took care of the machine and stayed with the wind and frost; You should know the burnout when you are attached to the temple day and night. In September of the same year, Kangxi made a personal expedition to galdan for the second time, bringing three of the six princes. The emperor's fourth son Yin Zhen, fifth son Yin Qi and seventh son Ewing were all omitted, and the emperor's eldest son Yin Qi, third son Yin Zhi and eighth son Ewing were called up again. In the second stage, relying on May of 36 years (1697), Emperor Kangxi ended his three personal expeditions to Galdin. Soon his relationship with Yin Gui entered the second stage. This is the decade that Yin Gui relied heavily on, that is, from 37 to 47 years of Kangxi. In March of thirty-seven years, Kangxi awarded the title of the Grand Prince for the first time according to the performance of the princes in their personal expedition and their consistent impression of the princes. 18-year-old Yi Yin's name is Duo Laubel, and Yi Yin is the youngest in Wang Zizhong. When he was named Baylor, Kangxi married him. Di Fujin was Guo Luoshi, the granddaughter of Yue Le, the king of An Jun county, and the daughter of Shang Ming. Yue Le is a deep-rooted aristocratic family, and Yin Gui's marriage with him is of great help to make friends with Manchu nobles. Later, it was proved that people like Jing and Wu Erzhan became the backbone members of Ginza Group and played a great role in the process of competing for the throne. Soon after, Kangxi asked Yin Gui to manage Guangshan Library, and Yin Gui took this opportunity to broaden his popularity and display his talents. During this period, Yin Gui established a good relationship with Yu Taizi Fuquan, and Fuquan had the deepest feelings among the Kangxi brothers. Later, before he died, Fuquan recommended Yin Gui to Emperor Kangxi, saying that he was virtuous and had an influence on Kangxi. After forty-two years of Kangxi (1703), the relationship between Emperor Kangxi and Prince Yin Yong changed, and the contradiction with the ministers and university students in charge of the Guards gradually appeared. Since then, Kangxi has always taken Yin Ren with him when he left Beijing, which is obviously a precaution against Yin Ren. Prince Chu Jun went on patrol with the emperor, while Yin Zhi and Yin Gui stayed in the capital, managing government affairs, handling state affairs and reporting everything about the capital at any time. When Kangxi went to war with the Crown Prince, Yin Zhi and Yin Gui were not only the leaders of the governors in Beijing, but also above the ministers of ministries and institutes, and became the representatives of the highest power in Beijing. In May of forty-two years (1703), Emperor Kangxi detained the Crown Prince on the grounds of "seeking great things" and "making a rash move by forming a party". A few days later, Kangxi went out to inspect the Great Wall as usual, leading the Crown Prince and some princes to stay in the capital with Yin Zhi and Yin Gui. In mid-July, Emperor Kangxi was still in the Great Wall. He learned that someone tipped off Sotook in custody in an attempt to rescue Sotook, so he sent a secret letter to Yin Zhi and Yin Guifa overnight, asking them to go to Zongren House to secretly interrogate Sotook overnight. After the trial, they reported the situation to Emperor Kangxi. During this period, Emperor Kangxi noticed the bad blood between Yin Gui and Crown Prince Yin Yong. Jacopo, a milkman in Yingui, has always had a grudge against Shi Yu Yongtai. He confided in Yin Gui, who made excuses to blame Yongtai. When Kangxi learned about it, he asked about it. Yin Zuo didn't tell the truth, saying that he was responsible for repairing the Grand Hall. Kangxi criticized him and said: "Yongtai is an official. If I am guilty, I will think twice before you act. Can I be good at blaming the censor? " "Soon, Kangxi sent Aceh cloth to the border as a punishment. The third stage is from the forty-seventh year of Kangxi to the fifty-fifth year of Kangxi. After the first deposing of the Crown Prince in September of the forty-seventh year of Kangxi, the relationship between Emperor Kangxi and Yin Gui lasted about eight years. During these eight years, the relationship between father and son took a turn for the worse, and Emperor Kangxi once hated Yin Gui. At the beginning of the first abolition of Crown Prince Yin Gui, Kangxi still trusted Yin Gui. On the fourth day of September this year, Emperor Kangxi, on his way back to Beijing from Jehol, announced to the accompanying ministers that Crown Prince Yin Ren was "heartless and unfilial, insulting the public and plotting to depose". On the same day, Kangxi issued a secret order: Yin Zhi led his younger brother to leave immediately, and the eighth and fourth brothers stayed behind to jointly handle government affairs. In the imperial edict, Kangxi put Yin Gui before Yin Zhen, the fourth son of the emperor, which meant that Yin Gui was mainly responsible for the two left-behind emperors appointed by the court. Perhaps in Kangxi's view, compared with Yin Zhen, Yin Gui had many experiences of staying in Beijing, but it also showed that he recognized Yin Gui's ability to handle affairs. However, Yin Gui, the eldest son of Emperor Kangxi, said something to Kangxi on his way back to Beijing, which suddenly changed his view of Yin Gui. To some extent, Yin Gui's advantage in the competition for storage space was destroyed by his brother Yin Gui. Emperor Kangxi once told all the ministers clearly that he had no intention of making Yin Ge the Crown Prince. He thinks Yin Ge is reckless, impatient and short-sighted. Knowing that there was no hope of obtaining storage space, Yin Ge said to Emperor Kangxi, "Zhang Mingde, the fortuneteller, will be expensive after talking with Yin Ge. "Today, if you want to punish Yin Ren, you don't have to come from the emperor's father. Kangxi realized that no matter what means were used, princes like Yin Gui opposed Prince Yin Ren, which was bound to hinder "I bow". Yi Yin's move was defined by Kangxi as "a traitor who doesn't understand the meaning of monarch and minister and ignores the love between father and son." "This undoubtedly made him feel that the three-dimensional reed is more hateful than the three-dimensional reed. At the end of September, Kangxi took advantage of Yin Zi to denounce the wealth of Lingpu's family, saying that it was full of "false names" and all my forgiveness and kindness belonged to myself. Everyone calls me that. I'm a crown prince again. If a person praises you, I will cut it off, and this right is not willing to leave it to everyone. "In order to combat yinguo's reputation and prestige in the DPRK, Kangxi ordered him to be locked up. After more than ten days, he exposed yinguo's shortcomings several times in front of his ministers and other ministers and blamed yinguo's mistakes. 1 1 month14th, Kangxi ordered his ministers to recommend one of the princes as the crown prince, and promised: "I will follow the advice of everyone except my eldest brother Yin Zhen. "."Surprisingly, all the ministers unanimously elected Yin Gui as the Crown Prince. Emperor Kangxi immediately went back on his word on the grounds that "Mei has never done anything wrong and was recently convicted, and his mother's family is also very humble". In addition, Kangxi flew into a rage and blamed Tong Guowei and others for their asylum. Fifty-one years (17 12) in March, Ewing was re-established as the Crown Prince, and Ewing secretly invited Kangxi to ask himself and answer himself, expressing his willingness to stay in bed. This mystery was denounced by Kangxi: "You are just a Baylor, how can you play such extravagant words to test me?" "Two years later, a strange thing happened again, which further worsened the relationship between Kangxi and Yin Gui. In November of fifty-three years (17 14), Kangxi went on a patrol to the Great Wall, and Ginza was also one of the princes. Because of the third anniversary of Wei's death, it is convenient to pay homage on the way. He sent people to visit Emperor Kangxi and sent two falcons. This move was intended to please Kangxi, but it was self-defeating and provoked Kangxi's great anger. Because these two falcons were almost dead when they were sent to Kangxi. Emperor Kangxi, who was over 60 years old, thought it was "contempt for my bow" and said that Yi Yin did it because he couldn't set up a crown prince, so he hated me and became a confidant. " Extremely angry, Kangxi actually said the words "Since then, I have never been with Yin Gui and his son". The fourth stage is another use. The last stage of the relationship between Kangxi and Ginza was from 56 years to 6 1 year, which lasted for 6 years. During this period, Kangxi did not criticize Yin Gui again. Emperor Kangxi's attempt to make a comeback in his later years is one of his hidden worries. Ewing and his supporters regarded Ewing as an enemy, which objectively became a potential force for Kangxi to stop the abolition of Prince Ewing. Therefore, Zong Renfu, who had a good relationship with Yi Yin and Yi Yin, ordered Ya 'erjiang, Manduhu, Yan Xin and others to guard the abandoned Prince Yi Yin. This is also one of the reasons why the relationship between Kangxi and Ginza can be maintained. Kangxi carried out the secret storage plan in his later years, and he wandered between May 4th and May 4th. On May 14th, 57 (17 18), Yunchan was ordered to be General Fuyuan and led his troops to the Western Expedition. Yunchan has always had a good relationship with Yinchan, and Brother Nine and Brother Ten are also serving Yinchan as their teachers. Therefore, when Emperor Kangxi was partial to Yunchan, in his eyes, Yin Chan, Yin Chan and others became powerful defenders of Yunchan's position in Chu Jun, and also became positive factors in implementing the secret storage plan. Therefore, Kangxi did not criticize Yin Chan too much in his later years, but deliberately appointed him. 6 1 year (1722) In November, Emperor Kangxi died in Changchun Garden, and his fourth son Yin Zhen ascended the throne unexpectedly. When Quinn learned the news, his reaction at that time was "instead of mourning, he leaned against the post outside the courtyard, meditated independently, sent affairs, and completely ignored it." Obviously, Yin Gui felt sad about the final outcome of the dispute over his storage position, and did not show too much sadness because of the death of Emperor Tai, which can also explain the true feelings between Kangxi and Yin Gui, the father and son. In the face of politics, the affection between father and son must give way. Perhaps it is more appropriate to describe them with the phrase "Ruthlessness is royalty".