Uncle Yong has a saying that people in ancient times can write books, and those who are the only ones can spread them far away. Although Yan's books are not good, people who see them later will cherish them, and they are not unique books. Poetry belongs to everyone.
Note: ① Concurrent gold: Good gold with several times the value of ordinary gold. (2) Zhang, Jing and Bian: Jing refers to Cai Jing, and Bian refers to the court ministers of the Northern Song Dynasty, who are good at calligraphy.
③ Yan Lugong: that is, Yan Zhenqing. The duke of Lu was named "Duke Yan Lu".
Calligraphy, as a whole, has a great influence on later generations and is called "Yan Ti". Reading training l, adding a little "ran" in the following sentence is different from adding a little "ran" in the other three sentences. () A. If you listen to the sound of tea, you will find it is natural. B.all kinds of poems are natural. C.it is mixed with each other. D. yellow hair hangs down and enjoys itself. 2. Explain the words added in the following sentences.
One dollar is not correct: _ ② People who see it later will cherish it: _ 3. Translate the following sentences. (1) Later generations regarded it as a translation of dirt: (2) All the ancients could write books, but only the wise could spread them far and wide. (4) One of the following mistakes in understanding and analyzing the article is () A. The author thinks that whether poetry, articles, calligraphy and painting are valued is related to people's personality.
B. The author thinks that the calligraphy and painting works of Su Shi and Huang Tingjian have been handed down not only because of their superb skills. The author thinks that Zhang, Cai Jing and others are also good at calligraphy.
D The author thinks that Yan Zhenqing's calligraphy is actually not good, and the reason why later generations like it is Yan Zhenqing's good moral character. 5. Fill in the blanks.
(1) "Su" in Su and Huang refers to Su Dongpo, a writer and painter in the Northern Song Dynasty. His poem "When will there be a bright moon?" Being sung through the ages, the last two sentences express the author's memory and wishes for his loved ones.
(2) Yong Shu, a writer in the Northern Song Dynasty, was one of the eight masters in the Tang and Song Dynasties. ◆ Refer to the answer 1, b (like this), ...; 2, ① Pay attention to ② Treat ... treat it as a treasure, cherish and care for it; 3.① Later generations regarded his calligraphy as dirt. ② The calligraphy of ancient people's congresses can only be circulated for a long time. 4、D； \ 5. I wish people a long time, and go to Chanjuan on Wan Li Road. 2. Ouyang Xiu. 2. Learning is better than no learning, seeking benefits.
People read ten books, arrogant, arrogant, and despise the same column. People are sick as enemies, and evil as owls (chι)(Xiāo).
Learning is better than not learning well. (Excerpted from Yan Zhitui's Family Instructions of Yan Family in the Southern and Northern Dynasties) Note: ① Seeking profit: seeking progress.
2 Hu Ling: Hu Ling, bullying the weak and fearing the hard; Suddenly, despise. 3 same column: same generation.
4 diseases; Hate him. ⑤ Owl: Two kinds of evil birds, which is the view of the ancients.
Read 1 and explain the words added in the sentence. 1. Therefore, seek profit; 2. Human diseases are like enemies; 2. Point out which sentence pattern the following sentences belong to.
People are sick as enemies and evil as owls. () 3. Answer the meaning of "this" in the original sentence "Learning without learning is better than learning".
4. One reason why the article warns people is ◆ refer to the answer 1, ① get used to it … ② hate it; 2. Adverbial postposition; 3. If you read ten books, you will be conceited, ignore your elders and look down on the same column; 4. Never be satisfied with your study, be modest and guard against arrogance and rashness. Third, Fan Zhongyan is interested in the world. Fan Zhongyan was two years old and lonely. His family was poor and helpless.
I have little ambition, and I always take the world as my responsibility. I am either eager to study hard or dizzy at night. No food, just read with porridge. As an official, every passionate talk about what's going on in the world is desperate.
Even though he was demoted, Shen Zhi's government affairs remained in Dengzhou. Zhong Yan is hardworking, self-motivated and doesn't care about meat. His wife can only support herself.
I often say to myself: "A scholar worries about the world first, and then enjoys the world." (Excerpted from Song Ouyang Xiu's Preface to the Tombstone for the Public): ① Sleepiness: Sleepiness.
(2) what: often, often. I water it.
When "washing" here. (4) easy; Eat, ⑤: Speak ill of others.
Read the training 1, add some words to the following sentences and explain them. Pronunciation while eating porridge: righteousness: ② Don't look at the water: righteousness: ③ Can't eat the sound: righteousness: ④ Even being slandered: righteousness: 2. The correct translation of "taking the world as one's responsibility" is () A. Taking the world's major events as one's responsibility every day.
B. I often regard managing state affairs as my due responsibility. C. I often regard world affairs as my due task.
D, every day to manage state affairs as their own responsibility. 3. Translate the following sentences into modern Chinese.
If you are sleepy at night, you need water to wash your face. The level of this text has been drawn in the text, please briefly summarize the meaning. 1235. "Worry about the world first, and enjoy the world later" is a famous sentence of Fan Zhongyan, which occupies an important position in this paper.
◆ Refer to the answer 1, ① Dan eats; 2 I wash the discipline for 4 Jackie Chan to speak ill of others; 2、B； 3, ① Sometimes I am very tired and sleepy at night, and I often wash my face with cold water. 2 wives and children are only self-sufficient; 4.① Young and poor, but ambitious; 2 being an official, he was later demoted for speaking out; 3 Diligent and enterprising, worrying about the country and the people; 5, revealing the theme 4, sima guang studious Sima Wengong 1 When he was young, he was asked if he was alone, lived in a group, and all his brothers became singers and traveled around; Follow the curtain alone, you can edit it and recite it five times. Those who work harder will go further, and what they recite will be unforgettable for life.
Duke Wen once said: "You can't forget a book by heart, or recite its text and think about its meaning immediately, or dream back at midnight, and you can get more." Note: ① Sima Wengong: Sima Guang was named Wengong after his death, so he was called Sima Wengong.
(2) Hanging curtains: Originally, Dong Zhongshu hung curtains to give lectures in the Han Dynasty and didn't look out of the window for three years. Here refers to concentrate on reading.
(3) Independent editing: It originally meant that when Confucius read the Book of Changes, he repeatedly read it and broke the cowhide rope that wore the simple books many times. This means studying hard.
4: Wait. 5 times: the same as "back" and reciting.
Reading exercise L. Explain the words added in the following sentences. (1) Ask people who don't suffer from rote memorization () (2) Being able to recite twice means checking () (3) Being able to recite twice means checking () (4) Reciting your own composition () 2. The usage of "ci" in "I can recite it twice" is different from () A. The distance between Confucius and Mozi is B. It is different from C at first.
2. Reading exercises of classical Chinese in primary schools
First, "the son of Yang"
Liang's son is nine years old and very clever. Junping Kong thought of his father, but when his father was away, he shouted. In order to set fruit, the fruit has bayberry. Confucius pointed out to his son and said, "This is the fruit of your family." The son replied, "I haven't heard that peacock is a master of poultry."
1. Write the pronunciation of the following dotted Chinese characters and fill in the blanks.
Junping Kong is loyal to his father (righteousness), which means (visiting); To set fruit ([wèi]), to set fruit; Children should answer (yu).
2. The common name of "Hui" is (Hui), and "very smart" means Yang Zishan (very smart), which can be seen from the sentence "I didn't hear that peacock is the owner's poultry".
Yang's answer is very clever, and the beauty lies in (deal with a man as he deals with you).
Second, "The Farewell of Boya"
Boya is good at playing drums, but Zhong Ziqi is good at listening. Boya Guqin, looking at the mountains in the distance, Zhong Ziqi said, "Well, I am like Mount Tai!" Determined to run water, Zhong Ziqi said, "Good, like a river!" Zhong Ziqi will understand what Boya said. When he died as a child, Boya said that there was no bosom friend in the world, but he broke the piano and never played drums all his life.
1, the idiom (high mountains and flowing water) comes from this story. In this story, (Zhong Ziqi) is (Yu Boya)' s bosom friend. According to Boya, Zhong Ziqi will win. These two sentences can be seen.
2. People often lament the story of "Yu Boya broke the piano and worshipped his bosom friend" (bosom friend is hard to find).
3, the metaphor of high mountains and flowing water (high and low or hard to find a confidant) People compare a confidant to someone who really knows himself.
4. How do you understand Boya's unique string: (No matter how high your attainments are, it is meaningless to have someone who doesn't really know you)
Third, "learning chess"
Qiu Yi is the best athlete in this country. Let Qiu Yi teach two people to play chess, one to concentrate on playing chess, and Qiu Yi listens; Although one person thought it was a swan, he tried to shoot it with his bow. Although I learned chess from the previous one, chess is still not as good as the previous one. Is it because his intelligence is not as good as the former? That's not true.
1, understand the meaning of the word
Teaching: Only Teaching: Aid: Leadership, Qi Xin Cooperation: Together.
"Zhi" has different meanings in ancient Chinese and appears many times in this paper. I know that people who are good at playing chess in Wisdom also refer to (Germany), but I heard that it refers to (Qiu Yijiao):
It means (swan) bow and shoot arrows; But learning from it means (he, referring to the previous person).
2. Understand the meaning of the sentence.
Qiu Yi is the best athlete in this country. (National chess player Qiu Yi)
"Why is it wise?" That's not true. ("Is the intelligence of the latter person inferior to that of the former person?" Say: it's not like this. )
Step 3 answer questions
Then do you know why the latter can't learn well? What did you learn from him?
A: Because the latter person didn't listen carefully to Qiu Yi's teaching, he couldn't learn well. I learned from him that we should concentrate on our studies and not be half-hearted.
Fourth, two children debate day.
When Confucius traveled eastward, he saw two children arguing and asked them why.
A child said, "I think the sun is close to the sky at sunrise and far from the sky at noon." . "
A Confucius said, "I am far away at the beginning of the day, and I am near in Japan."
A son said, "The sunrise is as big as a car cover. Speaking of Japanese and China, it's like a dish. Isn't it that the far is small and the near is big? "
Another child said, "The sun just came out to cool down, and it was as hot as putting your hand in hot water at noon. Isn't that why you feel hot when you are near and cool when you are far away?" ? "
Hearing this, Confucius could not judge who was right or wrong. The two children smiled and said to Confucius, "Who said you were smart?" ? "
1. Close to people: Close to people until noon: Who will you be at noon? How much do you know? How knowledgeable are you?
"Wei" is a polyphonic word. The word "Wei" in this article is like: This is not reading (wèi), which is reading (wéi).
2. Contact the text and write the meaning of the following sentences.
Hearing this, Confucius could not judge who was right or wrong. (Confucius can't judge)
Who is Zhihu? Who said you were knowledgeable? )
The reason why two children argue: when the sun is close to people. But some people think that the reason is: those who are far away are small, and those who are near are big. A son thinks the reason is that it is near hot and far cold.
3. Scientific knowledge. I know that the distance from the sun to the earth is (equal) in the morning and at noon.
The reason why the morning sun looks bigger than noon is visual.
3. Special training in reading classical Chinese 6. Write the meaning of underlined sentences in the text in modern Chinese. (4 points)
Nothing ventured, nothing gained?
Can you get a tiger without entering the tiger's den?
[2] General Lu's fame is becoming more and more obvious, and he can't stay here on purpose.
General Lu's reputation is growing day by day, and we can't treat him badly.
7. Read the excerpts carefully and answer, what changes did Lu Su's attitude towards Lu Meng have before and after? (3 points)
A: Money: I look down on him. I think he has no culture and can only fight. Hou: I have seen much better knowledge than before. I am very polite and respectful to him.
8. According to the excerpts and the following materials, what kind of person do you think Monroe is? (3 points)
I have been studying since I was a child, and my ambition is tireless. What I saw was beyond the reach of the old Confucianism. Lu Su said, "I am the eldest brother, but I have a strong ear for martial arts. As for today, I am very knowledgeable and don't want to go back to Wu for Amon. " Meng said, "Don't be more embarrassed for three days."
(Excerpted from Pei Songzhi's Biography of Jiang Biao, with changes)
A: I am a person who corrects my mistakes, listens carefully to other people's opinions and supplements when I realize my own shortcomings. Admirable!
What is the added word?
4. After-class reading exercises of the first volume of classical Chinese in the seventh grade) Visiting friends in Jubo Xun (translation)
He came all the way to visit his sick friend, which coincided with the siege of the conference semifinals. His friend said to him, "I'm going to die today." You can leave now. " Jubo Xun said, "I came all the way to see you. How can it be my behavior if you let me leave and failed to survive? " Hu ren came to ask him, "the whole city is empty." Who are you to be alone? " He said, "My friend is ill, and I can't bear to abandon him. I would rather use my life instead of my friend's. " The Hu people said, "We ungrateful people have entered the proper country." So I quit. The whole city was saved.
1.① Speak ② Keep ③ Use ④ So, just
2.C
For example, Jubo Xun couldn't bear to leave his sick friend to take refuge alone, and he was willing to "take my life for my friend". This spirit of valuing friendship more than life is really commendable.
2) Li Yuan lost his father at a young age. When he was a few years old, he passed the bookstore and couldn't help crying. The teacher in the bookstore asked him, "Why do children cry?" Li Yuan replied: "Orphans are easy to grieve, and the poor are easy to grieve. Those who learn and can learn must be children with parents. I envy that they are not alone and that they can go to school. I feel sad inside, so I cry. The teacher pitied him and said, "Do you want to study?" The original answer: "I have no money to pay tuition! "The teacher said," If the boy is interested in this, I would like to take you as an apprentice and teach you to read without tuition! " So I went to school. One winter, I became familiar with The Book of Filial Piety and The Analects of Confucius.
1, philosophers/have relatives/wish them not to be alone/envy their studies/mourn their centers.
2, avoid by all means
5. extracurricular reading questions and answers in classical Chinese 1. Chu people learn to sail. Chu people learned to sail, and the initial twists and turns were sudden, but the shipmaster listened.
So between the small experimental islands, the direction was not satisfactory, and I thought I would try my best to operate the boat. Therefore, Xie Zhou's family is covered and the spine ③ enters the tympanic diameter, which is a great danger. He was afraid of falling and fell into the slurry.
Note ① Chu: the name of the ancient country. 20% off: turn around.
Spin: Turn around. ③ Vertebra: Knock with vertebra.
In ancient times, drums were used as trumpets when marching. (4) urgent: suddenly.
Conviction: chance encounter. ⑤: Same as "rudder".
1 1. Explain the words added in the following sentences. (1) has a little twist at the beginning. () (2) This is a decline of four cares and courage. () 12. Explain underlined sentences in the text in modern Chinese.
(1) I think I can try my best to sail. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (2) The diameter of the vertebral drum enters … _ _ _ _ _ _13. This article tells people: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Or: "I will be poor!" " Lu said, "Why?" Yue: "It's to do ③, and the more people do ④; It's also a crown. The more people send it. With children's strengths, they can swim in countries they don't need. Want to be infinite, can you get it? " (Excerpted from "Everything is done in the forest") Note 1 Ma Xie.
(2) Silk: white silk, with which Zhou people made hats. 3 shoes: shoes, used as verbs here, refer to wearing shoes.
Four rudder: barefoot. 14. Explain the meaning of the words added in the sentence.
(1) or (2) Translate underlined sentences with the length of 15. The same shoes, the more people walk; It's also a crown. The more people send it.
16. What does this article tell us? Third, the farmers hit the official and taste it. Some farmers use donkeys to sell firewood to the city. When they meet officials (eunuchs), they call "Miyagi" to get it; Just a few feet away from the silk, he asked for the "portal" (referring to the "portal" tax) and invited (forced) to send the donkey. The farmer sobbed and paid with the silk he got; Refused to accept, he said, "You must send firewood to the donkey."
The farmer said, "I have parents and a wife. I will stay here for dinner. " I'll give you firewood now, and you won't take it until I get it straight. I'm just dead! "Then beat the official.
1. Add some words in the explanation: (1) Like a silk ruler. (2) The farmer sobbed. (3) He didn't get it right. (4) So he hit the eunuch. 2. The word "with" added in the following sentence is the same as the use of the word "with" still in it to invite the donkey to be sent: () A.4. What kind of social reality does the experience of firewood farmers reveal in this article? Fourth, since ancient times, it is natural to cherish literati.
Fu Yizhi, who is the same age as Ban Gu, said to his younger brother, "Wuzhong can be a writer and write a history of Lantai." Madam is good at self-observation, but literature is not an organic whole, and it is rarely prepared, so she has her own strengths and weaknesses.
As the saying goes, "If there is a bad broom at home, reward your daughter." I can't see myself.
Note: ① Fu Yi and Ban Gu were both writers and historians in the Eastern Han Dynasty. (2) [Super] Ban Chao.
Brother of Ban Gu, a famous Eastern Han Dynasty star. (3) [self-rest] (long and loose) I can't stop myself.
4 [See yourself clearly] is to see yourself clearly and show your strengths. ⑤ [Style] Genre ⑤ [Li] Proverbs and folk proverbs.
1. Explain the additions in the following sentences: (1) It has been natural since ancient times () (2) It is not easy to be small () (3) It is not easy to be ready () (4) It is difficult to see () 2. Choosing the word "zhi" means adding "each has his own strengths, and the other is light and short." V. Fan Zhongshu Fan Zhong wants to make utensils, first plant catalpa paint, and people scoff. However, if you accumulate years, you can use it.
Those who laugh at it are salty and demand falsehood. You can't plant without it.
As the saying goes, "a year's plan is not like a tree valley, and a decade's plan is not like a tree." This is also called.
Note: Fan Zhong: Name. Catalpa: Catalpa and sumac.
1. Add some words in the explanation sentence: (1) Smile at it; (2) Seek falsehood when salty; (3) Accumulate with time; (2) The word "zhi" in the following sentences is used in the same way as the word "zhi" in "People scoff at it": (a) I have been regretting for a long time; b) Why is there a c? A year's plan is nothing more than a tree valley; Ten years is just a tree.
4. What is the reason for "this is also called"? What does it inspire you? Reason: Revelation: Sixth, Qi people have good hunters. Qi people have good hunters, and they can't be beasts for long. If they enter, they are ashamed of their families. If you go out, you will be ashamed of your friends. The reason why you can't do it is that the dog is not good.
To get a good dog, people will say, "You should devote yourself to agriculture." The hunter said, "What is it?" People are wrong.
The hunter thinks for himself, but he has no desire. I am devoted to agriculture, and I have a good dog in the market. So I retired and started farming. If you work hard, your family will be rich. If you are rich, you will get good dogs in the market. Therefore, you often catch more animals than others.
Not only solo hunting, but also Pepsi. 1. Explain the dotted words in the following sentences.
(1) If you enter, you will be ashamed of your family. (2) the reason why it cannot be done. (3) Yi Jun is committed to agriculture. So he retired and started farming. 2. The usage of "harmony" is different from the usage of "too long to be a beast": A, then retired, and the plow was ill. B, circuitous attack, but defeated. C, you can observe from a distance, but you can't be ridiculous. D. what if I devote myself to agriculture and get something? 4. What inspired you after reading this story? Seven, Sean received a book for five days.
Father is already here. He said angrily, "What's the point of staying with the old man?" Go and say, "There will be an early meeting in five days." On the fifth day, the cock crows, ok.
Father came first, and he got angry again and said, "What happened after that?" Go and say, "Come back early in the next five days!" " On the 5 th, the night is not over half. After a while, my father came and said, "That's right."
He wrote a book and said, "If you read this book, you will become the king's teacher. In the last ten years, Xing, thirteen years, Shunzi saw me, and I was at the foot of Huangshi, the ancient city of Jibei. "
Then go. There is nothing more to say.
See you again. On the day of death, depending on his book is also the art of war.
Goodness varies with it, and it is often read and recited. 1. Explain the words added in the following sentences.
(1) So I left, and there was nothing else to say. (2) I enjoy my old age. (3) I said, "Let's do this." (4) Good causes are different. 2. The word "zhi" added in the following sentence is the same as the word "zhi" in I often read aloud: (1) A. I am alone and I am helpless.
6. Extra-curricular reading exercises in classical Chinese 1. Explain and add some words: (1) Spider language and silkworm slang: Yes ... Your inner strength: stubbornness.
3. Translate the following sentences in modern Chinese. Suicide is not stupid!
Isn't it stupid to just kill yourself?
4. Use "/"to separate underlined sentences in the text. However, smart/suitable for suicide/not stupid. 5. What kind of feelings does the silkworm show when answering the spider? A: Willing to contribute, selfless dedication. After reading this selected article, you will definitely think of the famous sentence of Li Shangyin, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, about spring silkworm, which is
Silkworms in spring will weave until they die, and candles will drain the wick every night. 1. Identify the words added in the following sentences. Every scholar can get what he can, but he can use it as bait. He gets what he can learn. My disciples teach each other. A white disciple took a teacher as an apprentice. Only two. Translate underlined sentences into Chinese. If a boy is ambitious, I will teach him for free. If the child has ambition, I will teach him for free, without tuition. What we admire about the teachers in the bookstore is that. Selfless teaching. 4. What should we learn from Ethan? diligent and eager to learn knowledge