Nanjing Museum covers an area of10.3 million square meters, and has a pattern of "one hospital and six museums", namely, history museum, special exhibition hall, digital museum, art museum, non-legacy museum and Republic of China museum. In addition, there are six research departments in the hospital, namely, the Archaeological Research Institute, the Cultural Relics Protection Institute, the Ancient Architecture Research Institute, the Exhibition Art Research Institute, the Intangible Heritage Protection Research Institute and the Ancient Art Research Institute. It is the only national folklore research institution in China Museum.
By the end of 20 10, there were more than 420,000 pieces (sets) of various collections in Nanjing Museum, ranking the top three in China, from the Paleolithic age to the present; There are both national and regional; There are not only court handed down from ancient times, but also archaeological excavations, and some of them come from social collections and donations, all of which are masterpieces of past dynasties and treasures that have attracted the attention of academic circles at home and abroad. Bronze, jade, ceramics, gold and silver vessels, bamboo horns, lacquerware, silk embroidery, calligraphy and painting, seals, inscriptions and statues are all available, and each variety has its own historical series.
Part of Nanbo's collection comes from the preparatory office of the Central Museum, and the other part comes from archaeological excavation, collection, acquisition, donation, reception and exchange after the founding of the People's Republic of China.
The collection includes stone tools, pottery, jade, bronze, porcelain, calligraphy and painting, embroidery, bamboo and wood tooth carving, folk customs and contemporary works of art, etc.
In 2007, after expert selection and public voting, * * * awarded 18 pieces of "treasures of the town museum" to Nanjing Museum:
Treasure of Town House-Golden Beast
This golden beast of the Western Han Dynasty was on the seventh day of the first month of 1982. After the farmers in Mahudian Village of Xuyi County dug the canal completely, they found that it was10.2cm high,16cm long,17.8cm wide, weighing 9100g and containing 99% gold. It is empty and thick.
Treasure of Imperial Kiln —— Plum Bottle with Red, Ancient and Cold Patterns in Glaze
Ming Hongwu glazed red-cold three-friend plum blossom bottle is Amin porcelain, which was unearthed in Ming Tomb of Xianglongshan, Dongshan Bridge, Jiangning District, Nanjing1March, 957.
As a national treasure, it is the only preserved plum bottle with a red lid in Hongwu glaze. This plum blossom vase is beautiful in shape and well preserved. Three Friends of Old Cold refer to three evergreen plants, pine, bamboo and plum, which symbolize noble aspirations.
Treasure in the sky-jade ornaments carved with figures, birds and animals
Carved jade articles of people, birds and animals were unearthed at Tomb 77 of Zhaoling Mountain Site in Kunshan City 199 1. Located in the southwest of Zhang Pu Town, Kunshan City, Zhaoling Mountain belongs to the Neolithic site of Taihu Water Town in the Yangtze River Delta.
When this ornament was unearthed, it was placed in the round hole of a stone tablet under the tomb owner's right foot. Judging from the scarlet, the binding marks on the upper part of the graupel and the scarlet pattern marks left on the scene, the graupel was originally a handle. As a ritual instrument evolved from weapons, shotgun shows the military authority possessed by the tomb owner before his death.
Carved jade ornaments of people, birds and animals should be additional ornaments on the graupel, which have extremely high historical and technical value. It is the earliest jade ornaments carved by people, birds and animals in China, and it is a mysterious symbol that the ancestors of Liangzhu communicated with the gods and showed their authority.
Precious treasure-golden cicada and jade leaf
1954, during the excavation ofNo. 14, the family cemetery of Jinshi Zhang Anwan, Doctor Wu of Wufeng Mountain, Suzhou, the archaeologists were surprised to find this golden cicada jade leaf, and it was the head of the tomb owner that was unearthed. At the same time, two silver coins and four gold and silver inlaid with Baoyu flowers were unearthed, which proved that it was a hairpin on the head of a noble woman.
A golden cicada stood on the jade leaf. Its body leans upward, its wings are slightly open, its mouth is slightly open, and cicadas sing around. Jade leaf is a white jade made of sheep fat in Hotan, Xinjiang. The leaves are polished in a thin concave arc and divided into eight petals. It is a rare craft treasure with ingenious conception, exquisite production, interesting and breathtaking.
Miraculous treasure-celadon beast statue
On 1976, the celadon animal statue of the Western Jin Dynasty was unearthed in the family tomb of Zhouchu, Yixing. The statue of the god beast is slightly pear-shaped, with three horizontal lines on both sides of the shoulder and abdomen, with the top small and the bottom large. The works are arranged in zigzag, and the flat bottom is slightly concave. This celadon beast has a large body, amazing expression, rich decorative patterns and unique shape, which has the typical characteristics of porcelain in the Western Jin Dynasty. This is one of the earliest porcelain with inscriptions in China.
Treasure of protection-silver thread and jade clothes
Only one silver jade garment was found in China, which was unearthed in the tomb of Gong Liu, a descendant of Wang Pengcheng of the Eastern Han Dynasty in Xuzhou. The length of the jade garment is1.70m, and there are more than 2,600 pieces of jade and about 800g of silver thread, which are similar in shape to the golden wisp jade garment. This is the first jade garment of the Han Dynasty that has been excavated, scientifically restored and well preserved.
Treasure of Sacrifice-Jade Cong with Human Face and Animal Face
Jade cong with human face and animal face is a Neolithic jade, made of tremolite nephrite, milky white with green and ochre red stripes. The shape is a short square cylinder with an outer circle and an inner circle. The hole was drilled from both sides and polished smoothly.
This is also a masterpiece of exquisite jade carving technology in Liangzhu culture in Neolithic age, and it is the most distinctive symbol of Liangzhu people's original religious belief.
The Treasure of Insight-Gilded Lama Pagoda
In 1950s, a gold-plated Tibetan stupa was unearthed in the underground palace of Hongjue Temple Tower in Niushou Mountain. This is a masterpiece of Buddhist craftsmanship in the Ming Dynasty and the only "mini" gilded Lama Pagoda unearthed in China.
This gilded Lama Pagoda is very beautiful. There are animal horn Buddha statues, porcelain pots, jade bottles and so on around the Lama Pagoda. There are four kettle doors in the tower, including Buddha statues of Sakyamuni and Wei Tuo, with wheels, thirteen days, Bao Gai and Zhu Bao on them. A group of Buddha statues are arranged on the Sumitomo Tower. There are pearls, precious stones, crystals, agates, jade, ashes and other things hidden in Sumitomo. The whole gold-plated pagoda is placed on the pedestal carved by red sandstone in the shape of Xumi Mountain, and there are patterns carved on all sides, such as Hu people offering treasures, double lions playing with balls, double deer playing with dragons crossing the waves and so on. Under the tower seat, it is engraved with "Hongjue Temple in Niushou Mountain, Jinling, always full of offerings", and on the back is "Simon Simon Li Fook sean, a disciple of the Giant Buddha and a eunuch of the imperial prison".
The Treasure of Ink and Wash —— Xu Wei's Miscellaneous Flowers Atlas
Miscellaneous Flowers is a painting and calligraphy work created by Xu Wei, an outstanding painter, calligrapher and literary dramatist in Ming Dynasty. It is the masterpiece of China's ancient freehand brushwork of flowers and birds, and it is worthy of the reputation of "the best Xu Qingteng in the world".
This picture is more than ten meters long. Xu Wei vividly displayed peony, pomegranate, lotus, phoenix tree, chrysanthemum, pumpkin, lentil, crape myrtle, wisteria, plantain, plum blossom, orchid, bamboo and other 13 kinds of flowers and fruits with hearty brushwork and magnificent momentum.
Treasure of light-silver bronze bull lamp
Cuoyin bronze bull lantern is a bronze ware of the Eastern Han Dynasty, which was unearthed in the Eastern Han Tomb at No.2 Ganquan, Hanjiang County, Jiangsu Province on 1980. Among the bronze lamps in the Han Dynasty, the top-level works with perfect combination of practicality, science and technology and artistry are ahead of western countries in environmental awareness and design for more than 0/000 years.
The bronze bull lamp consists of a lamp holder, a lamp holder and a smoke pipe. The lamp holder is a cow, standing with its head down and its corners up. The cow's belly is hollow, and it carries a round lamp plate. One side of the lamp board is provided with a flat handle, which is convenient for turning the lamp board. The lamp board is decorated with two lampshades that can rotate flexibly, and one lampshade is hollowed out with rhombic diagonal pattern for a while, which plays the roles of heat dissipation, wind prevention and light adjustment.
The Treasure of Longevity —— Shoushan Fuhai Blue and White Porcelain Furnace
The blue-and-white Fuwenhai porcelain furnace in Shoushan, Xuande, Ming Dynasty is a cultural relic that moved southward. It is the pinnacle of Xuande imperial kiln porcelain in Ming Dynasty, and it is also the only one of its kind with good appearance.
Although there is no official kiln money on the blue-and-white Shoushan Fuhai pattern furnace, it is not only the official kiln porcelain of Xuande Dynasty in Ming Dynasty, but also an important utensil in the official kiln porcelain. The furnace is 58 cm high and looks like a bronze tripod. It is blue and white, which is different from ordinary blue and white ware, that is, blue and white is the ground, and white glaze represents waves.
The combination of strong blue-and-white hair color, slightly scattered beauty of green material, imitation bronze tripod and seemingly overflowing waves makes the blue-and-white furnace have a thrilling artistic charm, which makes the viewers move. There are only one or two pieces left in the complete Xuande blue-and-white Shoushan Fuhai pattern furnace, which is enough to see its preciousness.
The Treasure of Kindness and Navigation-The Statue of the Golden Guanyin Bodhisattva
This Buddha statue is made of high-purity gold and is 88 cm high. The Buddha's body and rosette are luxuriously decorated with pearls and precious stones, showing the royal style. It should be made by skilled craftsmen of the court in the heyday of the Qing Dynasty, which represents the highest level of court sculpture technology in the Qing Dynasty.
The Treasure of Maps-Matteo Ricci's Great Geographical Map of the World
The Great General Geographic Map is the earliest existing map of the world in China, and the first map of America appeared. The writer is Li Zhizao, Shao Qing of Taibu Temple. This map depicts the geography of China in great detail. Li Zhizao added a lot of geographical information about China, which can't be described by other countries, and has detailed notes on the provinces and important cities in China. The map also depicts the main mountains and rivers in China, such as the Yellow River and the Yangtze River, showing its birthplace and provinces in detail. In addition, the world-famous rivers, such as Euphrates, Nile, Volga and Indus, are mentioned.
Treasure of the study-Gold-plated inlaid animal-shaped copper box inkstone
1970, an animal-shaped bronze box inkstone inlaid with gold was unearthed from the Han tomb in Tushan, Xuzhou. The owner of the tomb was a certain generation of Pengcheng King in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The rare practical inkstone in the study, with unique conception and exquisite workmanship, represents the highest achievement of inkstone making technology in Han Dynasty.
The copper box inkstone is 25cm long,14.8cm wide and10.2cm high. The overall shape of the copper box inkstone looks like a toad, with horns on its head, wings on its body, staring at its teeth and crouching on its limbs. It was an auspicious animal at that time. The inkstone is covered with gold and inlaid with red coral, lapis lazuli and turquoise.
The Treasure of Power and Trust —— Guangling Wang Xi Gold Seal
198 1 year, the only piece of Wang Jinyin, surnamed Liu of the Han Dynasty, was unearthed at No.2 Ganquanshan, Hanjiang, Jiangsu. It is a sister seal with the seal of King Dian and slave Wang Yin, which has extremely high historical and artistic value.
The seal is made of high-purity gold, shiny and weighs 122.87 grams. The printing surface is 2.375 cm long and 2.372 cm wide. Turtle buttons, button height 2. 12 1 cm, table height 0.945 cm. Its turtle buttons are exquisite and beautifully decorated, and the seal script of "Guangling Wang Xi" is engraved. The layout is dense, straight and curved, smooth and harmonious, firm and full. All India is beautifully designed and neatly made, and it is a fine product of China and India.
The Treasure of Embroidery —— Shen Shou Embroiders The Image of Jesus
Jesus is like the embroidery of the Republic of China, which is the work of Shen Shou, a national embroiderer. This work is based on the strange oil painting "The Portrait of Jesus" by Italian painters in the late Renaissance. It creatively uses new stitches, such as virtual needle and rotating needle, and carefully selects more than 100 kinds of self-dyed silk threads according to the needs of skin texture of characters and the changes of light and dark levels of oil paintings, so as to embroider this portrait of Jesus vividly.
The treasure of nature-the wrong gold and silver are wrapped around the copper pot
1982 February 10 was unearthed in Yaozhuang cellar of Xuyi. It is a bronze weapon that won the hegemony of the Warring States period, and it brings together the achievements of public welfare in ancient China. It is very valuable.
There are three inscriptions on the bronze pot, which are located at the mouth, the inside of the circle foot and the outside of the circle foot. The gold-sinking and winding bronze pot is the only existing bronze ware that can combine the achievements of pre-Qin metal technology, reflect major historical events and reflect the highest level of clay casting technology.
Treasure of Portrait-Brick Painting of Seven Sages in Bamboo Forest
The whole brick painting is about 4.8 meters long and 0.8 meters high. It was unearthed in a tomb of the Southern Dynasties in Xishan Bridge, Nanjing. This is the earliest and best preserved brick portrait of a large figure in China. It is a decorative mural of the tombs of emperors in the Southern Dynasties, and it is one of the archaeological discoveries of China 100 in the 20th century.
Brick painting by 200
It consists of several ancient tomb bricks, divided into two pieces, one for Ji Kang, Ruan Ji, Dan Tao and Wang Rong, and the other for Xiang Embroidery, Liu Ling, Ruan Xian and Rong Qi. The characters are separated by ginkgo, pine trees and weeping willows. Eight people were sitting on the floor, but everyone showed a gesture that best reflected their personality. The ideal personality of gentry intellectuals has been fully demonstrated on this portrait brick.