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20 19-06- 14 07:02
As we all know, Na Ying, a famous singer and Asian diva, is Manchu. So what other surnames were changed from Manchu surnames? According to incomplete statistics, Manchu changed dozens of Han surnames since the end of Qing Dynasty, and contributed a lot of fresh blood to hundreds of surnames.
Manchu surnames are hard to see now. It seems that when the Qing Dynasty perished, the extremely brilliant Manchu surnames such as Aisingiorro and Yehenala disappeared overnight. In fact, the change and disappearance of Manchu surname is a long-term and gradual process.
Manchu did not have its own language at first, and many Manchu languages created by Nurhachi borrowed Mongolian. Such a historical background, not a very profound language and culture, is doomed to withstand changes. Probably when Shunzhi entered the Central Plains of Dingding, some Manchu old surnames were quietly changed to simplified Chinese surnames because of the trouble of writing. But this is only a folk behavior, and it is also an extremely individual behavior.
The rulers of the Qing dynasty were also very wary of changing people's surnames without permission. It is recorded in Qing Chao that Emperor Gaozong hates Manchu taking Chinese names: "Emperor Gaozong doesn't like Manchu being gradually contaminated with China customs. Some Manchu old flags are named like Han people, and those who take Niu Kelu's surname as Lang are deeply despised and afraid of forgetting their roots. " But after all, the Manchu surname was noble at that time, and the political and economic treatment of standard-bearers was higher than that of other nationalities. Changing the surname is only for convenience, and it has not formed a trend.
The really extensive and violent tide of changing surnames appeared after the Revolution of 1911. Puyi mentioned in My First Half Life that a large number of Manchu old surnames disappeared in the last years of Qing Dynasty. At first, the Revolution of 1911 had a very strong national revolutionary nature, and Manchu people were hunted down by revolutionary forces in large numbers. According to incomplete statistics, the highest-ranking Manchu group, the Banners, had about 6 million people before the demise of the Qing Dynasty, but only191/after the outbreak of the Revolution of 1911, there were only 1.5 million people left. In the face of such a huge survival crisis, the seedlings that changed their surnames for convenience have sprouted and grown into life-saving straws for Manchu people.
Banners living in Beijing or Northeast China, because of their large number, have been married to the local Han nationality for a hundred years and have not been killed in large numbers. However, after the demise of the Qing Dynasty, the Banners lost their generous living conditions in the past and had to find their own way out. The long-term rich life deprived them of the ability to make a living. Many flag-bearers changed their surnames to Han for fear of losing face, and refused to admit that they were incompetent flag-bearers.
There are also some descendants of the Manchu royal family who are deeply tired of the imperial system and are unwilling to bear the blame for the Manchu royal family or use the old Manchu surname. For example, Mr. Qi Gong, a famous calligrapher, as a direct descendant of Yong Zhengdi, made it clear that he didn't want to take Aisingiorro as the first surname in Manchu Dynasty.
It is also interesting to change the old surname of Manchu into that of Han nationality. In order to save trouble, some people directly regard the first word of the old surname as a Chinese surname, such as the Zhang family as a Zhang, a Fu, a Tong family as a child, and Nora as a Donna. Nowadays, the surnames of many celebrities in the entertainment circle are among them, and interested friends can search for them themselves.
Some people change their surnames according to Chinese translation. For example, if a cow is translated into Chinese as a wolf, its homophonic name is Lang. Nimahan means fish, so he changed his surname to fish.
Some people just throw away their original Manchu surnames and use the first word of their names as surnames, such as Mr. Qi Gong.
The same Manchu surname can also be changed into many different Han surnames. Many of Beijing's Ai Xinjue Roche have been changed to gold and Luo, Shenyang's to Zhao and De, and Liaoyang's to Hai. Probably local customs are different, and there are many changes in changing surnames. After all, after the demise of the Qing dynasty, no matter how noble the surname is, it is sometimes a burden, so I don't care about any rules or how convenient it is.
There are also some Han surnames changed by Manchu, which are not found in the original Han surnames, such as Zhao, Tu, De, Bao, Hu, A, Bu and so on. People who see these surnames can basically conclude that they are either themselves or their ancestors are Manchu.