In the long feudal social history of China, Gan Long was also regarded as an energetic political strongman. At the beginning of emperor Qianlong's accession to the throne, he inherited the legacy of emperors in previous dynasties, and he was able to act arbitrarily, be literate and martial, and expand the territory, which was quite impressive, resulting in the so-called "prosperous and prosperous times." However, at the end of Qianlong period, various contradictions inherent in feudal society, after long-term latent and development, inevitably intensified greatly and became incurable diseases in feudal society. However, the root cause of the decline of the Qing Dynasty was the Emperor Qianlong, who was famous for his "perfect" political achievements. In his later years, Emperor Qianlong favored small Shenyang, so that officials from top to bottom became insatiable. Since then, official corruption has become a cancer and an incurable disease that madly invaded the body of the Qing Empire, which directly led to the decline of the Qing Empire from its peak.
Yin Mutu, a bachelor of cabinet in the fifty-fifth year of Qianlong (1790), pointed out that it is inappropriate to stipulate that the governor, the governor and other officials can be fined tens of thousands of dollars for public use recently, instead of committing crimes themselves, because if the governor can ask for a fine, the punishment can be avoided, and the incorruptible can only hope for financial assistance from his subordinates. "In the future, if there are serious cases in which subordinates lose money and seek personal gain, they will never be tolerated." Therefore, this system "although the punishment is strict, it can not only move its shame and fear, but also has the potential to play with it."
In Yin Mo's play, it is said that the governor sent his subordinates to pay money, and the subordinates threatened their superiors, so we should guard against it from the system. Even if it is not suitable, it is reasonable and legal to be a bachelor of cabinet. For thousands of years, official works are rarely adopted or have real opinions, and most of them are just "news reports". It's not worth making a fuss about, it caused an uproar in North Korea. However, after reading this report, Ganlong was immediately dissatisfied. He was accused by the imperial edict that Yin Mutu was an official who was "guilty of a felony" and was dismissed from office and replaced by a Beijing official with a "strict name and wide breadth". He thought that Yin Mutu might know the truth and disadvantages of the matter by saying this, and ordered him to specify the names of the governors and subordinates who broke the law and verify the crime.
Yin Mutu is a straightforward scholar. I don't know that his performance has violated the focus of the emperor's pursuit of pleasure in his later years. On the contrary, to tell the truth, he observed businessmen passing through Zhili, Shandong, Henan, Huguang, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Guangxi and other provinces, and did not praise officials much. However, the scope of his criticism is too wide, involving many people, local officials are corrupt, and the bureaucratic style of the provinces is lax and completely denied. In fact, his target is the whole bureaucracy. Officials of counties and counties in various provinces in China either took tens of thousands of bribes, or showed favoritism to one side. Isn't this bureaucratic group of thousands of officials extremely corrupt and should be cleaned up? If this continues, today's emperor is bound to be responsible. Emperor Qianlong, who is old and ambitious, prides himself on loving the people like a son. He calls himself a "prosperous time". How can he not be angry?
Therefore, the situation is bound to develop rapidly in a direction that is not conducive to Yin. Although Yin Mutu was right and hit the nail on the head, Gan Long in his later years has become old and headstrong. He flew into a rage and issued orders again and again, severely criticizing Yin's imperial edict and Yin himself. On the day when Ganlong saw Yin Mutu's draft, he issued a special decree, saying that he was diligent and loved the people and punished corrupt officials "never stopped taking a vacation". He also argued that "if Yin Mutu plays, ministers and workers are empty words ... and I have been cheated for more than 50 years and know nothing about the external situation". Let Yin Mutu repeat the deficit of any province one by one, otherwise it will be "the culprit who bullies the weak and fears the hard".
Yin Mutu is facing charges. How can he make it clear at once? He can't publicly criticize the emperor, but can only "boast that I am diligent and love the people" and "can't refer to one person." Emperor Qianlong has put him in the opposite position, and ordered assistant minister Qingcheng Mountain to take Yin Mutu to the provinces to check the warehouse to see if there is any deficit. Ganlong was so angry with Yin Mutu in the imperial court that it was widely rumored that he was ready to mend it after it was too late. In addition, Qingcheng went to the provincial capital to "visit the banquet for a few days, which is to check the warehouse", so he traveled all over Shanxi, Zhili, Shandong, Jiangnan and other provinces, "checking the warehouse, no shortage". As a result, Yin Mutu was defeated, and Emperor Qianlong cursed Yin Mutu "not only had no monarch, but also no relatives, and lost all human relations ... Yin Mutu tried to be dismissed, was handed over to Qingcheng, and was taken to Beijing, and was sentenced by the Ministry of Punishment".
Officials in feudal society thought about the people and the king on the premise of attaching to the emperor. Yin Mutu saw the emperor's face change, which was the way of interrogation. He could only "completely change the order and think he was stupid and absurd." The scholar Jiuqing and other officials saw it and refused to let it go. "According to the law of fraud and public dissent, it is planned to kill Yin immediately."
In fact, emperor Qianlong knew it in his heart, so he pulled it back and said, "Yin Mu wants to answer empty words and play rude words, but it is difficult to be lenient;" It is beyond reproach to talk nonsense and vilify good people. However, I might as well take libel as the criterion and try to forgive his crime. With The Cabinetshi Read, still to be dismissed, eight years without fault, are not allowed to open ".
Emperor Qianlong directly protested against Yin Mutu's facts and made such unreasonable accusations that he almost put him to death. It's really a big mistake. It's totally unreasonable to oppress people by force. This practice, of course, blocked the way of speech, endangered official management, and the wind of corruption and deception prevailed. The practice of Qianlong fully reflects that he, a self-proclaimed wise monarch, has lost his heroic spirit of making great efforts in the previous year, correcting his mistakes, turning defeat into victory, and turning defeat into victory, and has become a fatuous emperor who is blind and arrogant, turns a deaf ear to ostentation and whitewashes peace. What he did to Yin Mutu was wrong, inconsistent with the actual situation, and even completely reversed. It claims to love the people all the time, but in fact, greed harms the people; It is said that the warehouses in various provinces are "full", but in fact there is a lot of shortage; It boasts that it has reached a "prosperous time", "the sea is peaceful and there is nothing in the local area", but in fact, "the people are in trouble" and "chaos" has started; Beautify the dirty situation of corruption "abusing power for personal gain" as "eliminating bureaucracy"; He boasted that he monopolized power, and no minister abused power for personal gain. Unexpectedly, it was Xiao Shenyang who took bribes, monopolized power, mismanaged and endangered the country. It can be seen that Emperor Qianlong indulged in the dream of a wise son of heaven for peace and prosperity, was greedy for money and good things, sheltered his henchmen, and refused to remonstrate, which gradually led to the decline of prosperity.