Ceng Zi's wife went to the market, and her son walked behind her crying. Ceng Zi's wife said to her son, "Go back first and wait for me to kill the pig for you." . "
When his wife came back from the market, Ceng Zi wanted to catch a pig and kill it. His wife stopped him at once and said, "I'm just joking with my son." Zeng Zikai said: "
Babies have nothing to do with play Babies must be wise, treat their parents and scholars, and listen to their parents' teaching. Today's son deceives him, but also teaches him to bully him. A mother cheated her son, but didn't trust her mother, so she became a teacher. "Never put off till tomorrow what you can cook.
Translated into vernacular Chinese to the effect that:
Once, the wife of Ceng Zi, a student of Confucius, went to the market, and the child left crying. Ceng Zi's wife coaxed him into saying, "Go home, I'll come back and kill the pig for you." . The child has gone home. After Ceng Zi's wife came back from the market, Ceng Zi planned to catch some pigs and kill them. Her wife stopped her and said, "I'm just joking with the children. You are serious." . Ceng Zi said, "You can't joke with children. Children are not sensible, follow their parents' example and listen to their parents' teaching. You are coaxing him now, isn't it just to teach children to learn to coax? " So Ceng Zi killed the pig and cooked it.
Han Fei's fable not only shows that Ceng Zi didn't bully his adopted son, but also is much more important than his adopted son. Han Fei persuaded the enlightened monarch to be honest like "Ceng Zi killed a pig" ("So, knowing the Lord shows his faith, like Ceng Zi killed a pig." )。 Although it is a Republic now, there is no monarch; But it seems that leaders at all levels should also learn from Ceng Zi and show honesty.
In the chapter "Learning the Analects of Confucius", Ceng Zi's quotation about honesty is also recorded: "Zeng Zi said: Visit yourself three times a day and be unfaithful to others." Don't believe in making friends? Can't you learn? "
Ceng Zi said: I reflect on three things every day. First, do I faithfully do my best for others? Second, when I associate with my friends, do I pay attention to honesty? Third, what I have taught is because I don't understand? "
According to this quotation from Ceng Zi, I think an honest person should consider the following three points:
One is "entrusted by people, loyal to people";
Second, "make friends and keep your word";
Third, don't "stun people."
2. The starling interprets the original story in classical Chinese from Feng Ming Menglong's A Tale of Ancient and Modern Times, that is, the original content: In the Ming Dynasty, there was a Duke Lu and Lu Feng who were going to work in Beijing. I bought a good inkstone in the city, and the negotiations are undecided. After returning to the mansion, the host will go back with a gold coin. The master took the inkstone and was surprised. The host insisted that it was. Gong Yue replied, "I think it is a little convex, and this road is worth repairing. Fortunately, I have enough money to smooth it. " I'm terribly sorry. The beauty of this inkstone lies in the eyes. Original intention: In the Ming Dynasty, there was a man named Lu Lufeng who was waiting in the capital (imperial court). (He) once met a good inkstone in the market. The servant replied, "I hate it being a little convex." I met a stonemason on the road. Fortunately, there is still silver left, so I will let him polish it and make it smooth. " Lu Lufeng is very sorry. The value of this inkstone lies in this "myna eye". Initial inspiration: don't be self-righteous. The valuable part of the inkstone is "slightly convex", but the servant thinks it is a flaw and the result is suitable.
3. Interpret the full text of Ji Xiang's Xuan Zhi Ji Xiang Xuan, Lao Nan Ting.
This room is only ten feet square and can only accommodate one person. A century-old house, dust and mud oozing out, rain betting; Every time I move a box, there is no place to put it.
The room faces north, so it gets dark at noon. I repaired it a little so that it wouldn't leak from it.
Four windows were opened in front, and a wall was built around the yard to keep out the sunshine in the south. It was sunny and the room was bright. Orchids, osmanthus bamboos and old columns were planted in the courtyard, which also increased the chances of winning.
Borrow books, sing, sit still and make sounds; And the footsteps are silent, birds peck, and people don't go. On the night of the fifteenth day of the lunar calendar, the moon is high, illuminating half of the wall. The shadows of osmanthus trees are scattered, and the shadows are shaken by the breeze, which is very lovely.
However, I live here, and there are many things to be happy about and many things to be sad about. First of all, the north and the south are one in the imperial court.
At that time, uncles and uncles set up many small doors indoors and outdoors, and the walls were everywhere. After separation, dogs treat people living in the same yard as strangers, guests have to go through the kitchen to eat, and chickens roost in the hall.
The yard was fenced in at first, then the wall was repaired and changed twice. There is an old woman in the house. She used to live here.
Old woman, my dead grandmother's maid, nursed for two generations, and her mother was very kind to her. The room is connected with the boudoir in the west, so I tasted it first. Every time I say it, I say, "Somewhere, and my mother is here."
Yu added, "Your sister is crying in my arms; Mother knocked on the door with her finger and said,' Are you cold? Do you want something to eat? I responded outside the board meeting. "Never put off till tomorrow what you can, I cried, I cried.
One day, when I was in the reading room, my mother said to me, "Long time no see, son, why are you here without saying a word?" Instead of going, he closed the door with his hand and said to himself, "My family's study has been ineffective for a long time, but I can wait for my son to succeed!" After a while, he took an elephant and said, "This is the motto of my ancestors. You will use it one day! " Looking at the ruins, it seems like yesterday, and people can't control the trombone. Dong Xuan has always tasted like a kitchen. People go there and pass by the porch.
After living together for a long time, people can be distinguished by their feet. Liu Bei and Cao Cao fought for the world, and Zhuge Liang was born in central Gansu, and made great achievements.
..... Because I am interested in this, in the next five years, my wife came back. When I was in the porch, I asked Yu about ancient things or learned some books. When the lady returned to Ning, she said to the younger sisters, "I heard that the younger sister has a pavilion. What is a pavilion?" For the next six years, my wife died and my room was broken.
Two years later, I was ill in bed for a long time without any sustenance, and I sent someone to repair the South Pavilion. The pattern was slightly different from the past. However, after that, I was more outside than living here.
There is a loquat tree in the yard, which was planted by my wife when she died. Now it stands tall and luxuriant like an umbrella. The original text is Xuannan Pavilion.
The indoor area is only ten feet square, which can accommodate one person. Because it is an old house with a history of a hundred years, dust and soil often leak from the roof, especially when it rains, the rain pours down directly; Every time I move the table, there seems to be no room to put it.
Plus, the door is open to the north, so it can't be directly exposed to the sun. After noon, the sun went down and the room was dark. I repaired it a little, and it stopped leaking and falling.
Four new windows were opened in front of the room, and a wall was built around the yard to block the sunshine in the south. The room brightened after the sunlight reflected. In front of the court, I planted orchids, osmanthus trees, bamboo and so on. , adding new luster to the old railings.
Borrowed books are piled up on bookshelves, where I live leisurely, sometimes whistling or singing, and sometimes sitting quietly alone, with the sound of nature clearly audible; In front of the court and under the steps, it was very quiet. Birds fly down from time to time to peck, and people don't leave before it. On the fifteenth night of each month in the lunar calendar, the bright moon hangs high and shines on the wall.
In the moonlight, the shadows of osmanthus trees in the court are dense, the breeze is blowing, and the shadows are shaking, beautiful and lovely. But I live here, and I have many happy and sad feelings.
Before this, the courtyard was connected with the north and the south, and it was a whole. After the separation of uncles and nephews, there were more indoor and outdoor doors and partitions everywhere.
The owner's dog barked at Jia Xi, so the guests had to go over the neighbor's kitchen to eat, and the chicken had to stay in the hall. The stadium was fenced off at first, and then walled off, which was changed twice.
There is an old woman at home who used to live here. This old woman, a servant of my late grandmother, has been a wet nurse in my family for two generations. Her mother was very kind to her when she was alive.
The west of the porch is connected with the inner room. My mother has been to the porch. The old woman often says to me: "This place, your mother used to stand here."
The old woman also said, "When your sister was a child, I held her in my arms and she cried in an arc;" Hearing this, your mother knocked on the door with her finger and said,' Is the child cold? Do you want to eat? I'm outside the door-I always answer your mother. "The old lady didn't say that finish, I was moved to tears, and the old lady also shed tears of excitement.
I have been studying on the porch since I was fifteen. One day, my grandmother came to see me. She said, "Son, I haven't seen your shadow for a long time.
Why have you been here silently all day? You really look like a girl. When she left, she gently closed the porch door with her hand and said to herself, "My family has not made any achievements in reading for a long time. This child is waiting for success! " After a while, he brought another elephant to the porch and said, "My grandfather Tai Changgong gave it to the emperor during the reign of Xuande. You have to use it later! " Recalling these things in the old days seems to have happened yesterday. It's really a long cry There used to be a kitchen on the east side of Jixiangxuan, and people had to go through the porch to get to the kitchen. I live in it with the window closed. After a long time, I can tell who it is by the footsteps of people walking outside.
A ridge porch suffered four fires, but it was not burned down, probably because of God's protection. ..... I did the above article. After five years, my wife came to my house. She often goes to the porch to ask me some historical stories. Sometimes she leans against the desk to learn to write.
My wife went back to visit her family. After coming back, she relayed the words of the younger sisters: "I heard that my sister has a pavilion at home. What is that pavilion?" Six years later, his wife died, and Ji Xiangxuan gradually fell into disrepair and did not repair it. Two years later, I was sick in bed, bored, and sent someone to repair the South Pavilion.
That form is slightly different from before. However, since then, I have been locked out for a long time, and I don't often come back to live in the porch.
There is a loquat tree in front of the yard, which was planted by my wife herself the year she died. Today, it has stood tall and luxuriant, like an open giant umbrella. Translated into Chinese, the Ridge Pavilion is the original South Pavilion.
The indoor area is only ten feet square, which can accommodate one person. Because it is a century-old house, dust and dirt often leak from the roof, especially.
4. Senior high school classical Chinese reading aid 15 15. When Sun started studying, Sun Quan said to the general, "Now you are in an important position and have great power. You should study further!" Lv Meng refused on the grounds that there were many military affairs.
Sun Quan said, "Do I want you to learn classics and become a learned man? You only need to learn knowledge extensively, and you don't need to study deeply. You said you had a lot of things to deal with, which one can compare with me? I often read books and feel that I have gained a lot.
"Lv Meng began to learn again. Lu Su, a famous Soochow player, passed by here to discuss world affairs with Yang He. Lu Su was very surprised when he heard this opinion. "Your current talent and strategy are not as good as those of that year!" Lv Meng said: "For ambitious people, after a few days of separation, you should polish your eyes and re-examine his talents. Dude, it's so late to see things change! Lu Su went to see his mother again, became friends with her, and then left.
16. Lu You built a book nest. In my room, some books are piled on wooden boxes, some are displayed in front, some are on the bed, and I look up and look around, all of them are books. I eat and live, get sick, feel sad, sad, angry, sigh, and never keep company with books.
Guests don't come to visit, their wives and children don't meet, and they don't know anything about weather changes such as wind, rain, thunder and hail. Occasionally I want to stand up, but the messy schoolbag surrounds me, like dead branches, and sometimes I can't walk, so I laugh at myself and say, "Isn't this the bird's nest I'm talking about?" So I invited guests to take a closer look.
At first, the guests could not enter, and those who entered the house could not get out. The guests also smiled and said, "It's really like a bird's nest." 17. Dong Yu talks about "Three Depression". There is a person who wants to ask Dong Yu for advice. Dong Yu refused to teach, only said, "Before that, you must read it a hundred times.
It means: "Read it a hundred times, and its meaning will naturally emerge." The person who asked for advice said, "I don't have time."
Dong Yu said: "Use' Sanyu'." When someone asked about the meaning of "more than three", Dong Yu said: "Winter is the spare time for studying in one year, and night is the extra time for studying in the daytime, and rainy days are more than enough all year round."
18. Zhiyong and "Huibi Tomb" Zhiyong lived in Yongxin Temple in Xing Wu and studied calligraphy for many years. Then there were ten urns with broken brush heads, each with several loads. There are so many people who come to beg for ink to write a plaque that the threshold of the place where they live has been stepped out of the hole, so they wrap the threshold with iron and call it "iron threshold"
After burying the pen, it is called "returning the pen to the grave". 19. Kuang Heng dug a wall to get through. Kuang Heng studies hard, but there is no candle. The neighbor has a candle, but it can't shine in his room.
Then Kuang Heng made a hole in the wall to introduce candlelight, and read with a book that reflected light. There is a large family in the local area who are illiterate. The family is rich and has many books. Kuang Heng works hard for his family and asks for nothing. The host asked Kuang Heng in surprise, and Kuang Heng replied, "I hope I can read all the books of the host."
The master sighed and lent him the book. Kuang Heng finally became a great scholar. 20. Zhang Pu and "Qi Lu Zhai" Zhang Pu liked reading when they were young. The books they read must have been copied by themselves. After that, they will burn the copied book and copy it again, so that it will stop after six or seven times.
Where the right hand holds the pen, there are cocoons on the fingers and palms. In winter, the skin is frozen and cracked, and hot water is soaked several times a day.
Later, the study called Reading was called "Seven Records" ... Zhang Pu wrote poems and articles quickly. All parties came to ask for it. Zhang Pu didn't have to draft it, but wrote it in front of the guests, and it was almost finished. Because of this, Zhang Pu's reputation was the loudest at that time.
2 1. Jin Pinggong studied by candlelight. Jin Wengong Jin Ping asked Shi Kuang, "I am seventy years old. I'm afraid it's too late to learn music. " Shi Kuang said, "Why not light a candle?" Duke Ping of Jin said, "How can courtiers tease the king?" Shi Kuang said: "I am blind, how dare I tease the king?" I heard that I liked reading when I was a child, just like the rising sun. I like studying in the prime of life, and I like the midday sun. I like studying when I am old, just like lighting a candle.
Which is better than walking in the dark with the light of a candle? "Gong Ping said," well said! "22. Gao Feng is dedicated to Gao Feng, who is literate and works as a farmer at home. My wife used to work in the fields, bask in the wheat in the yard and let Gaofeng watch the chickens.
It's raining heavily, and Gaofeng is reading a scripture with a bamboo pole. She didn't notice that the water on the ground let the wheat run away after the rain. When his wife came back, she was surprised and asked, and Gao Feng woke up.
23. Ye Tinggui and Hai Lu I liked studying very much when I was young. For more than forty years, I have never put down the scroll. It is sweet to eat with, and it is used as a pillow when you are tired. There are different books in the scholar-bureaucrat family. There is nothing borrowed that you don't read, and you won't stop without reading the whole article.
I often resent that I have no money and can't copy it all. So many books are divided into dozens of volumes, and the useful ones are all handwritten, named Hailu.
24. The other side of Emperor Taizong said: "To be a person needs to learn and ask questions. In the past, because many fierce enemies were not pacified, I made expeditions to the east and the west, joined the army myself, and had no leisure to study.
Recently, there was no chaos everywhere. People were in the palace and could not hold books in person, so they ordered others to read them to me. The way of father and son, the way of education by decree, are all in the book.
The ancients said,' If you don't read, you know nothing, and you only have troubles when dealing with things'. I'm not just saying. I think it's wrong to recall my behavior when I was young. "
25. Ren Mo is studious and diligent. At the end of his life at the age of 14, he didn't have a regular teacher to study. He is not afraid of long-distance travel and danger. He often said, if people don't study, why can they succeed? Sometimes, I lean under a tree, weave thatch into a hut, cut thorns into pens, and carve tree juice into ink.
Read books under the stars and moons at night, and tie wormwood to illuminate yourself when it gets dark. Read it as you like and write it on his clothes to remember.
People who study together like his diligence very much, and even exchange clean clothes for his dirty clothes. Don't look unless you are a saint.
On his deathbed, he warned: "people like to learn, even if they die, they seem to be alive;" People who don't study, even if they are alive, are mediocre and incompetent. " 26。