A person with rich spiritual world is perfect to learn calligraphy.
China's calligraphy is an ancient art, which develops with the development of Chinese civilization. Calligraphy embodies the basic characteristics of China art, just as architecture and sculpture dominate other kinds of art in western art, China's calligraphy and painting dominate other kinds of art, ranking first in China. Liu Yong is famous for his calligraphy and poetry.
Liu Yong is a famous calligrapher. According to historical records, his "book title is the world, and political articles cover a hundred." One of the characteristics of his calligraphy is the use of thick ink, so people at that time called him "Prime Minister of Thick Ink". His calligraphy, the most famous of which is small letters, is rich in shape and unique.
Liu Yong's calligraphy is as famous as Weng Fanggang, Liang, and is known as the four great calligraphers in Qianlong.
Liu Yong is not only good at calligraphy, but also knows the history of calligraphy. He once wrote a book about the history of calligraphy in the past dynasties in the form of poetry, called "Occasionally Learning Books". Teacher's Book tells the history of China's calligraphy in the form of poetry.
For example, when talking about the founders of China's calligraphy, such as Li Si and Cai Yong, he said: "A liberal scholar has this tendency. When he cleans and destroys traps, he is also a hero. Li's method of destroying monuments has not been sent into the fire. "
For another example, when talking about China's calligraphy in which Cao Wei and Zhong You changed official script into regular script, he said: "Books in Yuan Dynasty are the most common, and the new sound has not changed the ancient ballads. Typically, I feel far away, and there are more wild ones. " For example, when talking about the calligraphy of Wang Xizhi, a "book saint" in China, he said: "The romantic style of literature and history has changed, and it will be more charming and beautiful. The morning star is in Yingchuan, and there are several people in the mantle. "
He is not only good at writing poems, but also good at ink painting and flowers, and good at textual research of ancient Chinese.
Comparatively speaking, Liu Yong's calligraphy is the most famous, and his greatest contribution in the history of calligraphy is the innovation of traditional calligraphy. Later, the Qing people thought Liu Yong's calligraphy was very successful.
Song Xuanwen said: "Liu Wenqing became a snowman at the beginning of his book, and became a family after middle age. He is rich in appearance and rich in breath, and he has escaped from the cage of the ancients. " There is another cloud: "Wang Wenzhi and Liu Shi 'an are the most important calligraphers in this dynasty. Wang Shang relies on the ancients, but Liu Hou can take off. People are close to the ancients and surpass them. "
Bao's "Two Ships in Art" said: "If you practice fragrance less, the village will move to the old slope. After 70, he devoted himself to the monument of the Northern Dynasties. Although my energy has declined and I have not been able to continue my studies, I am very interested in learning beyond the hubbub. " There is another cloud: "Modern filial piety books take Zhucheng as the first, outside Su and Dong." In his book with Wu Xizai, he also talked about "how brilliant Poe's old books are, always gathering together to disperse the calmness." The pen is still wrapped, and it has been popular since then. Sion came out late, only to know that he was timid. He is worried about his dissolution and wins every time he wraps up his pen. But also use this to save the lost ear. And those close to Zhucheng are dedicated to this. First, support the machine with the front, help it pick with thick black, then wrap it with a pen to make it look good, and show it with dry ink. Therefore, in a picture, the coarse fibers are mutually asked and used together, and the decoration is pleasing to the eye. "You Yun:" The method of ink, with rough and clumsy, Takumi Inui, makes ink and white equal, dry and moist, and makes flower arrangement like a round mirror. When you look at the shutter, you will be in a state of yourself. However, his heart languishes in the words, and he is tired in the paintings ... Another cloud says: "Zhucheng Guo Xiang, the father of Huating, has a short meaning and a long story from Gu Bi." . Although the reconstruction is clever, it is more elegant than Hua Ting, and people are clean, sometimes it is too late. Covering the historical sites of the Northern Wei Dynasty in Shandong, you can see the real images of the Six Dynasties. So is the reason why this city has passed Huating. "Chen Xizu said," for two hundred years, the scholar-officials have been good at learning Huating, and they have only listened to Zhucheng. "
Postscript of "Fast Snow Hall": "The stone temple is exposed when it is in orbit; They all contain emptiness and silence in their applications. Pose in clumsiness is wonderful in light. Repeated inspections are different. "
"The Inscription of Fangjianting" said: "Jin, Tang, Yuan and Ming dynasties are each static words, and it is not easy to know the fire. Throughout the author of "Country and Korea", only Mr. Shi An can be an orator. "
"Postscript of Boluo 'an Inscription" said: "Today, only Mr. Shi An can write for Wei Jin people. Although you can read books at will, you can also play. "
"Qiu Quezhai Diary" said: "Wen Qing loves Tang Tie, and his pen was written by Jin Xian and Zhiyong, so he can hide the front with the method of reverse pen."
Tsui Hark's "Qing Zhu" says: "Wen Qing calligraphy, the voice of Huang Zhong and Lu Da, the instrument of Qing Dynasty, is the crown of a generation of calligraphers. Guy became a family by collecting the achievements of calligraphy in previous dynasties. The so-called golden voice is a great achievement of the sage. From his own thesaurus to his own stage pavilion, his physique is changeable and unpredictable. When I was a teenager, I was Zhao Ti, and the beads were round and smooth, like beautiful flowers; After middle age, the pen is vigorous and the situation is magnificent.
Into the cabinet, dazzling, unremarkable, perfect. People who talk about calligraphy all over the world say that they are skinny and don't know the beauty of their books. They are full of essence and introversion. Almost like Tai Chi, it is all-encompassing and unpredictable. "
Kang Youwei's "Talk about Guang Yi and Zhou Shuang" said: "The stone temple is full of dong, but it is thoughtful, full of energy and dense veins. In recent years, cursive script has been vigorous all the way, and it has not been able to get out of the scope of the stone temple. So I call it a collection of stone temples and a masterpiece of post-learning. "
Zeng Nongsi said: "Wen Qing came from Dong Siweng, but it rose to Wei and Jin Dynasties. He is strong, energetic and full of rhythm. With the genius of Daozhou, I also take its method and believe in the achievements of learning. "
Yang Shoujing said: "Wen Qing's books are like cotton wrapped in iron, and people have no objection. After seeing several of his works, I really let go of the snowman's hand, and later I specialized in cabinet posts, especially because of Dr. Zhong Taifu's Declaration on the History of Ministers, so it was magnificent and elegant, and was crowned as a generation. "
He Weipu said: "Those who have never studied Zhao Chengzhi are often mature and soft, and with the help of Chengzhi, Wen Qing can break away from stereotypes and become a family of his own. The strength of bones is firm and the spirit is far-reaching. Studying the ancients in his later years is even worse for Dong Zongbo. "
A small critic, such as "Walking in the Garden", said: "Wen Qing's book started with pine snow, which was extremely steep, but he mistakenly thought it was" Spring Flower Pavilion "and eventually died."
Lin Shu Zao Jian, which is close to Ma Zonghuo, is not only a comprehensive compilation of the above number theory, but also contained in Lin Shu Chronicle:
"Dry jia, all kinds of words, all push weng, liu. Bachelor Ge, Qin Huo (Weng Fanggang), a master of Shi 'an, tasted the Book of Shi 'an and said,' Which pen is ancient?' The bachelor sued Shi An, who said: I am my own ear, so I asked your teacher which one is me? "
The Chronicle of the Book of the Forest also records a story: "Bao Shenbo (a world minister) has enjoyed a boat trip to Jiangyin since the Jin and Tang Dynasties. Shi anri:' If you say that the past is justified, why not ask the old lady about her gains and losses!' Shen Bo said: nave's books are shelved. Shian Day:' My son is so frivolous and old. My book is better than my own. This is a far-reaching teacher. Shen Dan said, "Have you seen the book written by the teacher? The books written by teachers are only written by Zen and Ying Ying. Meditation is solemn, while Ying Ying is elegant. This message only means "Ying Ying" in Ronglu of the Tang Dynasty. Ji Zhi was forged by ignorant people in modern times, and nave refused to publish it. Nave's strength lies in Huating, but Huating is old in his later years, and Nave has the skills to let Huating listen later. " "
Bao Yi Zhou Shuang Ji listed Liu Yong's lower case as the best, running script as the best and two books as the best.
He Ying, who is studying calligraphy in Liuyong, said: "My teacher Wen Qing abides by the orders of the imperial court, one after another. In his spare time, he works tirelessly." In this regard, Liu Yong is the proudest. It is said that in his later years, he proudly said to his favorite pupil, He Ying, "I will make a biography tomorrow. When Yunhe became an academician in the name of your son, the book was well-known in the world, but he couldn't ask himself, and he couldn't make great achievements. I don't know what to do. " Liu Yong once commented on his talent like this:
"I have three arts in my life, the inscription is the first, the poem is the second, and the word is the second."
In fact, his articles, poems and calligraphy are excellent, regardless of level. The history book says, "Wen Qing seldom visits pavilions to tell stories." Middle-aged Yang Li sealed the entrance, learned political skills outside and successfully took a seat, which is called "small city" all over the world. What I have learned runs through hundreds of classics and histories, and my poems are refined and refined, and the inscriptions are quaint. "
It is precisely because of Liu Yong's profound knowledge and deep roots in Confucian classics that he was ordered to compile official classics many times when Emperor Qianlong promoted traditional culture and "examined ancient texts". In the forty-first year of Qianlong's reign (1776), he became the deputy director of the library of Sikuquanshu, and sent him to continue studying the records of the western regions and the textual research of Sun Jiuwen. Forty-six years after Qianlong (1782), he became the president of Santong in March. In the fifty-first year of Qianlong (1786), he served as the deputy curator of Yudie Museum. During this period, I also visited the secrets of the palace with the princes many times, such as The Secret of Zhu Lin.
In the sixth year of Jiaqing (180 1), he served as the director of Huidian Pavilion in November. In this regard, Liu Yong was able to complete the task as scheduled and made due contributions to the preservation of China cultural classics and the prosperity of academic and cultural undertakings.
Liu Yong's masterpiece Little Letters was written in the first year of Jiaqing (1796), with 24 lines and 360 words. It is now in the Palace Museum, published in The Complete Works of China's Calligraphy and Taoism, and included in the China Calligraphy Appreciation Dictionary. Bao said that Liu Yong's "Xiaozhen Book is the first one in modern times". Ma Zonghuo's "Talking about the Moon-sprinkling Building" said: "Taste and smell Qing Lin's" Yi He Ming "as a grand view pavilion, all over the mountains. It is worthwhile to know the beauty of its small true book and the depth of its cover. " Unlike Yang Shoujing and others, Liu Yong owes a lot to Zhong Taifu and Dong Qichang.
Qiuyang Fu was also published in the Complete Works of China's Calligraphy and Taoism, and was included in the China Calligraphy Appreciation Dictionary. Today's comments: "Wang Wenzhi specializes in Fengshen, while Liu Yong specializes in courage. The same is true, Wang Wenzhi is delicate and graceful, and Liu Yong is thoughtful. " Take a closer look at this post. It's really the fengshen of Dr. Zhong.
Eight-character couplets are based on the whole and the line. The joint article said, "Take its mountains and rivers to collect its herbs, and moisten its ritual spring with Ganoderma lucidum." Collection of Wuxi Museum, published in China Calligraphy No.3, 1987. Critics call it: "soft writing, hiding the head and protecting the tail, not showing a sharp edge, but containing abundant spirit and strength between the lines."
The running script "Lutang Qiyan Lian" wrote: "Poetry is refined, happy, and extremely frosty."
Published in Japan's Book Road Map of Ming and Qing Dynasties. "Seven-character couplets in running script", the text is "It is romantic for people to make friends, and the picture of heaven is Tingshan." It was collected by Liaoning Provincial Museum and published in The Complete Works of China's Calligraphy and Taoism. The above two couplets are included in China Calligraphy Appreciation Dictionary. Although they are all very close, the effect is the same. Commentators call it:
"Take advantage of the trend with a pen and pose; The rule of ink is to use rough, with Takumi Inui. Dry and moist, rich and hidden in taste, quiet in calligraphy, different from the current wind. "
"The Vertical Axis of Running Calligraphy", with 4 lines and 22 words, was published in Japanese Calligraphy and Daoism in Ming and Qing Dynasties; The Book of Su Shi's Vision Building was written in the 57th year of Qianlong (1792), and Liu Yong was 73 years old. 6 lines of ***95 words, collected by Liaoning Provincial Museum, published in The Complete Works of China Calligraphy and Taoism; He Zhongshi, The Axis of Getting Up Early, with 5 lines and 60 words, was collected in Kyoto National Museum, Japan, and also published in The Complete Works of China's Calligraphy and Taoism. All of them belong to cursive script and are included in China Calligraphy Appreciation Dictionary. Although the spirit of the book is slightly different, the thick ink color gives people a bookish and dignified feeling, which fully conforms to the heavy style of the book and the smooth and free-and-easy characteristics of word-by-word. In particular, the vertical axis of running script was rated as "ethereal when it is dense, empty when it is used, charming and Gu Zhuo, full of true qi, false in form and true in quality, and wonderful in opportunity."
Su Shi's Poetry Volume, 1795, written by Liu Yong at the age of 76, with 40 lines and 305 words. It is a long-running book with a width of 3 1.4cm and a length of190.5cm. It is now in the Shanghai Museum and published in Japanese "China Calligraphy Atlas of Ming and Qing Dynasties", which can be regarded as his masterpiece in his later years. In modern times, Tan wrote this book, "The old flavor is overflowing, and Su Shen is the cutest to play." Xiao Junxian postscript "Zhucheng book is old, and it has gradually become barren. When I was in eastern Guangdong, I once saw Liu Yong hidden by Confucius' thirty-six bronze drums, which was full of energy and infinite interest. It was designated as Zhucheng's middle-aged employment book. This volume published by Mr. Dounan is similar to what I saw before, and the original is beyond doubt. "Critics say that Liu Yong did have a deep study of Su Shu in the middle and late period. Tan Yankai said that this book is the god of Pu Gong, and it is really similar to Su Shu in the characteristics of' full pen and ink, turning rigidity into softness'.
However, compared with each other, after all, there are great differences in appearance and form.
Sulu Wen Zhiming's postscript to Huang Tingjian's poem "Shen Fu Ci Axe", with 6 lines and 76 words, was collected in Shanghai Museum and published in Japanese "China Calligraphy Atlas of Ming and Qing Dynasties". Although this book is also a cursive script, slightly thinner than Liu Yong's other works, its characteristics of "cutting off the river, independent characters and steady strokes" remain unchanged.
Liu Yong's Mo Bao has spread all over the world, including the Stone Carving of Aiqingtang (the history of Jiaqing Dynasty) published by his nephew Liu Xianzhi.
There is also such a record in Historical Records: "Shian Sanji can be ghosts, confusing and indistinguishable from outsiders. In his later years, books were ghostwritten the most, and those with the names of Shi 'an and Long Leg Shi 'an were ghostwritten, and Meng Ying Zen was one of them. "