Southern Liaoning is one of the birthplaces of the Dongyi people, one of the "four major ancient ethnic groups in the Northeast" (Dongyi, Donghu, Huiqi and Sushen). "Yi Zhou Shu Wang Hui Pian" records: "Qingqiu" in "Qingqiu, Fox Nine Tails" refers to the southern Liaoning area. The Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties were the "Yi culture" period in southern Liaoning (Qingqiu). "Qingqiu Culture" is a branch of Yi culture. Judging from the large number of cultural relics unearthed from various ancient sites in southern Liaoning and the remains of the "Megalithic Culture" stone sheds in Liaodong Peninsula, Yi culture has a strong theistic color and openness. Maritime, Yi culture is the predecessor of Qilu culture, which was later integrated into Chinese culture and became an important representative of Chinese culture. In the late Warring States period, Yan occupied Liaodong and experienced Qin and Han for 500 years. At this time, southern Liaoning "transformed from barbarians to Han and connected with the Central Plains" and built the Great Wall of Yan. The Han Dynasty was the first golden period of prosperity in the history of cultural development in southern Liaoning: 1. Political stability, which was the longest period of stability in history; 2. Water and land transportation, close contact with the mainland; 3. The migration of mainland residents brought Advanced production technology and culture; 4. The popularization of Sinology, the prosperity of Confucianism in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, and a large number of scholars from Shandong such as Wang Lie from the Plains (later the "ancestor of the Wang Tingyun family of Xiong Yuecheng"), Guan Ning, Taishi Ci, Bing Yuan, Guoyuan and other scholars from Shandong came to visit with their families. Hai Jing Dajin (today's Dalian) went to southern Liaoning to lecture and teach scriptures, and lived in seclusion in a house, so later generations called southern Liaoning the "Land of Guan Wang". Southern Liaoning is a beautiful place with rich products and outstanding people. "Liaozuo was one of the areas where all the sages of the Han Dynasty avoided, and there must be no shortage of springs, rocks, and haze." (Kangxi edition of "Haicheng County Chronicles") After the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the formation and rise of Northeastern ethnic minorities , struggle for hegemony, the southern Liaoning region became a must-win area for them to expand their territory and conquer the Central Plains. It was successively occupied by Xianbei, Goguryeo, Khitan (Liao), Jurchen (Jin), and Mongolia (Yuan) for nearly a thousand years, resulting in a very long and complicated war. As a historical and cultural phenomenon, southern Liaoning during this period passed by the culture of the Tang Dynasty and the Song Dynasty, further widening the distance from the culture of the Central Plains. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, after nearly a thousand years of twists and turns, the ancient culture in southern Liaoning finally entered a period of relatively stable development, culturally reconnecting with the Central Plains. Education flourished, literary styles emerged, and various cultural forms flourished and took shape. It has continuously shortened the distance with the Central Plains culture and gradually matured. During this period, Chinese culture laid a relatively deep foundation in southern Liaoning, laying the foundation for the formation and development of modern Liaonan culture. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the four areas of the "Jin Fu Haigai" were known as a fertile land. "Each warehouse could collect rice and beans for more than ten years." As the saying goes, "Jin restored sea cover, and Liaoyang was outside." According to historical records: the Jin restored sea cover area belonged to Liaoyang Road in the Yuan Dynasty, and in the fifth year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty, it was placed under the jurisdiction of the Shandong Chief Envoy Division. Emperor Zhu placed southern Liaoning under the jurisdiction of Shandong across the sea because in the early Ming Dynasty, the area north of Liaoyang had always been regarded as an area outside of assimilation. In southern Liaoning, due to the large number of immigrants from the mainland, the local indigenous people were also more sinicized and had an early age. He was accustomed to farming, and his living customs and language were deeply influenced by Jiaodong. Therefore, in Zhu Hongwu's eyes, he was like his own family. Prince Pingnanjing of the Qing Dynasty, Shang Kexi, was from Haizhou, Liaonan. Luo Zhenyu, a master of Chinese studies in the late Qing Dynasty, lived in seclusion here (Dalian) in his later years. The famous patriotic general Zhang Xueliang (from Haicheng), Guan Xiangying (from Jinzhou), the early leader of the Communist Party of China, and the Major General of the Republic of China Mr. Lu Zhengcao (a native of Haicheng) grew up here throughout his teenage years. The famous epigrapher Yu Shengwu (from Haicheng), the great calligrapher Shen Yanyi (from Gaizhou), the political activist Yan Baohang (from Haicheng), and one of the "four major calligraphers in the late Qing Dynasty" Zhang Shichuan (from Fuzhou) ) and other batches of celebrities are the best among Liaonan people.
About Liaonan, a writer wrote: "Liaonan is a poetic region with a mild climate and a temperate maritime climate. It is bordered by the Yellow and Bohai Sea in the front and Qianhua Mountain in the back. The territory is rich in products. , with beautiful mountains and clear waters, and outstanding people. Look, the rolling Bohai Sea seems to reveal the open-mindedness after the great waves of history; look again, the Wanger Mountain that has stood for thousands of years and is full of hope seems to warn people of the true feelings of the world; look, the full of hope in the human world. The yellow pear trees show the joy of golden autumn; and the small Guilin in Zhuanghe, which is like a paradise on earth, seems to be disdainfully comparable to Guilin in Guangxi. Throughout the ages, there are countless talented poets, elegant scholars and country gentlemen. Guests were fascinated by it and lingered here: Ding Lingwei, Guan Ning, Shang Kexi, Wang Erlie, Cao Xueqin's family, Xu Gengchen, Zang Naiyong, Kang Youwei, Zhang Shichuan, Zhang Xueliang, Shen Yanyi, etc., are all the best among them, and left behind Anecdotes for the ages.
Southern Liaoning is also a region with a long history. The special landforms here create a unique cultural atmosphere. It can be called the "Southeast of the Northeast". Whether it is the stone shed standing on the top of the mountain, the Jinniu Mountain people who have lived for hundreds of millions of years, or the long-standing Xiongyue City and Liaoyang City, as well as the battlegrounds of Lushunkou and the ancient Qingshi Pass, the famous commercial port Niu Zhuang, the tomb of Shang Kexi, King Pingnan of the Qing Dynasty, the former residence of Zhang Xueliang, the "King of Northeast China", the magnificent Thousand Lotus Mountain, the memorial hall of Cao Xueqin, the author of "A Dream of Red Mansions", Liaonan agitation that has been passed down for hundreds of years, Gaixian shadow puppetry, and Haicheng trumpet The opera, Haicheng stilts, and the exquisite Xiuyan jade all illustrate the profound cultural heritage of southern Liaoning and the traces of humanistic smoke that have been baptized by the years.
Southern Liaoning is a rich military fortress. This is the only place to pass when entering the Guanhai Pass, and it is the essence of the three northeastern provinces. Since ancient times, whether it was Goguryeo separatizing Liaodong, or Nurhachi proclaimed himself emperor, whether it was the Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, the Russo-Japanese War, or the Liaoshen Campaign, it was occupied by This is a good place to gain a substantial victory in the war.
Southern Liaoning is a region rich in humanistic sentiments. The people here are both generous and forthright like the Guandong people, but also have the craftsmanship and elegance of the Jiangnan people. Their speech and behavior are all shrouded in reasonableness and kindness. It's understandable.
Liaonan is another economic region that has taken off again with the founding of New China and reform and opening up. This is the old northeast industrial zone of New China and the Central and South Liaoning Industrial Zone since the reform and opening up. Countless passionate people of southern Liaoning are working hard morning and night to revitalize the great socialist market economy with Chinese characteristics. The business opportunities here are endless, the economy is developed, the transportation is convenient, and the geographical location is superior. If you invest and seize the business opportunities, you can obtain great economic and social benefits. "(Liang Yongze: "Talk about Liaonan")