Dong Qichang dǒng, qí, chāng.
Detailed explanation:
His courtesy name is Xuanzai, his nickname is Sibai, Xiangguang Jushi, a native of Huating (now Songjiang, Shanghai). Wanli Jinshi. He became the Minister of the Ministry of Rites in Nanjing. Posthumous title Wenmin. His calligraphy is sparse and graceful, yet fluent yet astringent. Together with Xing Dong, Mi Wanzhong and Zhang Ruitu, his calligraphy is known as one of the "Four Great Calligraphers of the Late Ming Dynasty". His paintings specialize in landscapes, which are clear, moist and beautiful. When discussing painting, he advocated the "North-South Theory", advocating the south and suppressing the north. He is the author of "Rongtai Collection" and "Essays on Painting Zen Rooms".
Celebrities named Dong:
1. Dong Hu. Dong Hu was hailed as a "good historian" by Confucius at that time. He was the first person named Dong to appear in historical records.
2. Dong Zhuo. Dong Zhuo, courtesy name Zhongying, was born in Lintao, Longxi (now Min County, Gansu Province). At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, he was a young emperor, a powerful official during the reign of Emperor Xian, and a warlord in Liangzhou. When he was promoted to Grand Master, he was granted the title of Marquis of Yi.
3. Dong He. Dong He, courtesy name Youzai, was born in Dong City, Zhijiang, and was a general in charge of the Shu Han army. He had worked with Zhuge Liang for many years, and many of his suggestions were adopted by Zhuge Liang. He served as an official for more than 20 years, pastoring a special area outside, and balancing internal affairs. He is honest and upright, deeply trusted and loved by the people, and interacts with ethnic minorities. He "does everything sincerely, and the southerners love and trust him." On the day of his death, the family had no wealth, so Zhuge Liang praised Dong He's high moral character and integrity, saying, "Young slaughter is diligent and loyal to the country, so Liang can do less."
4. Dong Xian. Dong Xian, courtesy name Shengqing, was born in Yunyang (now Chunhua, Shaanxi Province) and was a great Sima of the Western Han Dynasty. When he was 22 years old, he was favored by Emperor Ai. He was promoted to the rank of Grand Sima and controlled the government affairs. His family became prominent in the government for a while.
5. Dong Feng. Dong Feng, courtesy name Junyi, was born in Houguan (Fuzhou, Fujian). He was a miracle doctor during the Three Kingdoms period. He was as famous as Zhang Zhongjing of Nanyang and Hua Tuo of Qiaojun, and was also known as "the three miracle doctors of Jian'an". He was a famous doctor of his generation, and he treated diseases without profit, so that he could grow apricots and grow into apricot forests over time. This is the origin of the name Xinglin in today’s medical circles. Dong Feng moved to Cangwu for refuge, and it happened that Shi Xie, the prefect of Jiaozhi, was about to die and recover.
Features of Dong Qichang's paintings:
1. Dong Qichang's landscape paintings generally have two aspects, one is ink or both uses light crimson method, works with this aspect are more common; the other is The color is green and green, sometimes with no bones, which is relatively rare. He attaches great importance to imitating the traditional techniques of the ancients. There are few changes in subject matter, but he has unique attainments in the use of pen and ink. His paintings often imitate the painting techniques of famous artists from the Song and Yuan Dynasties, and flaunt them in their titles.
Although we talk about imitating the past everywhere, it does not mean that we are imitating the past, but that we can break away from the stereotypes and form our own style. The characteristics of its painting method are based on the training of ancient famous masters and the cultivation of calligraphy pen and ink. In the process of scratching, rubbing, and dotting, the mountains, rivers, trees, rocks, and smoke and clouds he painted were smooth, soft yet firm, with flexible turns, clear layers of ink, clumsy yet graceful, clear, meaningful, and elegant. In the second year of Tianqi, he painted At the age of 67, he copied "Travel to Streams and Mountains" by Fan Kuan of the Northern Song Dynasty and adopted a comprehensive painting technique of green color, ink and light crimson.
It fully demonstrates the charm of a master who is naturally inherited from the painting world with his exquisite figures and unique landscape style. His painting style was famous at that time and he became the leader of the "Huating School".
2. Dong Qichang pays special attention to the technique of using ink. He is good at splashing ink and cherishing ink in ink painting. The shades, dry and wet are naturally in harmony. He does not use much ink, but the artistic conception is profound and the charm is endless; there is no need to show off and show off. , and the true energy overflows, filling the paper.
Dong Qichang's colored landscapes may use Yang Sheng's boneless method, using colored pens instead of ink pens to complete lines, outlines, hooks, squeezing, chapping, and erasing, all of which are extremely beautiful and not meant for depiction; or Imitating the light crimson method of Huang Gongwang, and incorporating the green and green methods of Zhao Danian and Zhao Mengfu, it is unique, distinct, elegant, fresh and full of vitality.