They are not only the political center in the Jian 'an era, but also the literary leaders. They all attracted a generation of literati with their special identities and created a generation of writing styles.
Cao Cao is an all-powerful hero in troubled times, and his poems are extremely natural. The first is the true nature of a hero, "like a veteran face and strong charm" (Song Aoqi's "Poetry Review"); Secondly, it is the true nature of Yuefu. Almost all poems are old Yuefu poems, showing generosity in sadness.
For example, "Out of the Summer Gate, the tortoise lives": "Although the tortoise lives, it is still over. The snake rides the fog and eventually turns to dust. The old horse lurks, aiming at a thousand miles. The martyrs were full of courage in their later years. Surplus and contraction periods are not just in the sky. The blessing that nourishes grace can last forever. "
Vernacular translation:
Although the tortoise has a long life, it still has an end.
Although poisonous snakes can fly in fog, they will eventually die and turn to dust.
The old swift horse is lying in the stable, and its ambition is still to travel thousands of miles every day.
People with great ambitions will never stop working hard in their later years.
The length of a person's life is not only determined by heaven,
You can live longer as long as you take care of your body and mind.
I am glad to use this poem to express my inner feelings.
Three metaphors of "turtle", "snake" and "old horse" have been used successively, which leads to the theme of "Martyr's old age is full of courage" from both sides, with generous feelings and true feelings echoing. Cao Cao's prose is also very distinctive. Lu Xun called him "the founder of reforming articles" (Wei and Jin demeanor and the relationship between articles and medicinal liquor).
The change of Cao Pi's poetry is his father's tragic habit, which is quite literati: the emotion is more delicate, the language is more beautiful, the rhyme is more harmonious and the forms are more diverse.
Cao Pi's Dian Lun Wen is the first special treatise in the history of China's literary criticism. In addition, during his stay in Yecheng, he often met with literati for banquets, recited poems and made wine, which created a precedent for literati's elegant collection and already possessed the nature of literati group.
Cao Zhi finally failed in politics and became a typical frustrated scholar, but he had the greatest influence on the poetry circles in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. Zhong Rong's "Poetry" is listed as the top grade and highly respected. Cao Zhi was not only the first literati who wrote five-character poems vigorously, but also had a great influence on the development of five-character poems. Moreover, his poems are really brilliant, with both the vigor of being a father and the glory of being a brother.
The latest three grasses are called Nanqi. "The Biography of Xie Lingyun in Song Dynasty" said: "As for Jian 'an, Cao Shi was based on life, and the second ancestor was full of salt algae, so he weaved the text with emotion and took the text as the quality." During the Jian 'an period, the three Cao families all had gorgeous rhetoric, full of emotion and songs. )
Extended data:
In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Zhong Rong's poems once evaluated the level of these three people and listed Cao Zhi as a "top grade", which was extremely praised. Xelloss is medium, and Cao Cao is inferior;
However, after the Tang and Song Dynasties, the evaluation of Cao Cao's works generally improved, and he thought that the artistic conception and mind of his poems had far-reaching influence.
In Jiang Zhai Shi Hua, Wang Fuzhi thinks that Cao Zhi is higher than Cao Pi: "Cao Zijian and Huan Zi are separated by a fairy, but people call him Zijian, but they don't know that there is another son Huan, which is generally the case." (It means that the gap between Cao Zhi and Cao Pi's poetry level is that one is immortal and the other is mortal. Everyone knows Cao Zhi, but they don't know that there is Cao Pi. Most people think so. )
Li Dongfang, a famous historian in modern times, only mentioned the seven sons of Cao Cao, Cao Zhi and Jian 'an when commenting on the literary achievements in the Three Kingdoms period, but ignored Cao Pi.
Contemporary scholar Yu believes that although most literary historians will rank Cao Zhi first, he believes that Cao Zhi should be the first, Cao Zhi the second and Cao Pi the third. "Cao Zhi certainly built a beautiful spiritual garden, and Cao Cao's poems were cast on rocks with copper cast iron."
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