1. Examples of idioms that are easy to use with the wrong object
The applicable objects and scope of idioms are generally relatively fixed and have a strong singleness. If there is a lack of understanding of the customary object or scope expressed by the idiom, the statement will be made There is a phenomenon of pretentiousness between the statement and the statement, resulting in misuse. For example:
1. Looking westward, what is supported by the sea is the Cangshan Mountain covered with silver hair. The Cangshan Mountain is like a screen and the Erhai Lake is like a mirror. It is truly a work of art. "Exquisite craftsmanship" is suitable to describe things made by man. It means that man-made craftsmanship is extremely exquisite and surpasses nature. The objects stated here are the "Cangshan Mountain" and "Erhai Lake" in nature. The emphasis is on the superb artistic skills of nature, which cannot be achieved by human beings and should use "magical craftsmanship".
2. The museum contains a large number of stone carvings with artistic value. The various flowers, birds, insects, fish, and figures on them are lifelike and beautiful. "Beautiful" is generally used to describe "the tall and gorgeous houses", but here it is used to describe the "flowers, birds, insects, fish" and "characters" in the "stone carvings", which is obviously a misuse of the stated object.
3. The various potted chrysanthemums placed in the park are colorful and graceful when the breeze blows. "Charming and graceful" describes a woman's graceful posture, not flowers and trees.
4. Use the paint produced by our factory to decorate your room and ensure your brilliance. "Peng Ju Sheng Hui" is a self-effacing expression, indicating that one is very glorious because others come to one's home or hang up calligraphy and paintings given by others, etc. It can only be used for oneself, but it is used here for others, which seems insufficient. Appropriate. Passed the National College Entrance Examination in 2001, "You have just moved into a new home. The room is spacious and bright, but the furnishings are a bit monotonous. I suggest you hang an oil painting, which will definitely make the room sparkle."
5. He You can do things quickly, and no matter what you do, you can always rely on your horse. "Relying on the horse and waiting" means standing in front of the horse that is about to set off to draft a document, and you can wait for the completion of the draft. It specifically refers to a person's quick thinking and writing, and should not be used to describe doing things.
6. The Hulunbuir Prairie in March has long grass and orioles flying, and the spring scenery is charming. "The grass grows and the orioles fly" is a word used to describe the spring scenery in the south of the Yangtze River. It refers to the northern prairie here, which is inappropriate.
7. The article vividly and meticulously describes the appearance, movements and expressions of the little sparrow. It is full of strong emotions in the narration, description and discussion. It is very touching and has a strong appeal. . "Cute and charming" refers to a woman who is brightly dressed, delicate in posture, and able to impress people. Error using object.
8. He has loved drawing since he was a child and often scribbles on paper. Now the birds he draws are lifelike. "Doodle" describes poor calligraphy or random writing, not drawing.
9. This journal will change its mind, continue to improve the editing quality of manuscripts, and is determined to climb to the high level of a literary journal. (National College Entrance Examination Question in 2000) "Change your mind" means "correct your mistakes and be a new person". It can only be used for people, not for publications. Besides, this sentence does not explain where the publication "passed".
10. There are many examples of hard study among the ancients. There are many people in history who can stand on the beam and stab the buttocks, hold the candle to achieve success, and dance after hearing the chicken. "The oxen fill the house" means that if you use oxen to transport books, the oxen will be tired and sweat; if you use the house to store books, the whole house must be filled. Describes many books. It can only refer to many books, not many people.
11. Wang Xiaohai often asks teachers for advice. This spirit of not being ashamed to ask questions is worth learning from every student. "Don't be ashamed to ask" means "not ashamed to ask for advice from people whose status is lower than yourself or who are less knowledgeable than yourself." This obviously reverses the relationship between teachers and students and seems not correct enough.
12. After listening to the impassioned speeches of the students at the debate, Professor Zhang really felt like he was sitting on a spring breeze. "Like sitting on the spring breeze" is a metaphor for receiving sincere teachings from an elder or a good teacher without knowing it. The wrong object is used here.
13. The atmosphere was a bit dull at the beginning of the meeting. The moderator suggested that Professor Li give an opening speech first, hoping that it would serve as a starting point. "To attract good friends" is a modest expression, mostly used on one's own side. Used here, it reverses the relationship between master and subordinate or superiority and inferiority, which is obviously incorrect.
14. "Riverdance" has been very popular since its premiere in 1994, and ignited the global tap dance craze. It has also been unanimously praised by global art critics as the most Irish national style classic of our time. Musical. "Hot" is a metaphor for being very arrogant and powerful. It can only refer to people, not others. In 1999, he passed the national college entrance examination: "The price reduction of household appliances has stimulated the growth of citizens' consumption desire. Color TVs that were originally unsalable have now suddenly become a hot commodity."
15. As a disciple of the master, you do such a shameful thing. You are really an outcast. "忝 Lie gate wall" is a modest word, and "忿" means that being among them will bring shame to others. This word can only be used for yourself and not for others.
16. If you have any difficulties, just tell me and I will try my best to help you. "Dingli" refers to the huge strength and ability to carry a tripod, and is a word of praise for others; this idiom is a respectful word and cannot be used for oneself.
17. The three generations of Lao Zhang’s family have lived in harmony for more than ten years. "Lifting the case to raise eyebrows" and "respecting each other as guests" can only be used between husband and wife who respect and love each other and have a harmonious relationship.
18. The anti-counterfeiting campaign is long-term. If we are slightly negligent, counterfeit goods will come back again. "Comeback" refers to the fact that Xie An of the Eastern Jin Dynasty retired as a hermit in Dongshan and later took up important positions. Comeback refers to taking office again, or metaphorically returning to office after losing power. It is used for people rather than things.
19. Without a good script, there will be no good drama to act in. If you write a poor-quality script, you will lose money if you act. Therefore, finding a good script has become a dream of many film and television producers. "Missing day and night" is often used for longing, rather than "thinking" in the general sense. "Thinking about it day and night" in the sentence should be replaced with "dreaming about it".
20. Mr. Chen Yinke quoted from many sources during class, and from time to time he quoted historical materials in several languages. This made students who had not passed the foreign language test and lacked basic knowledge of literature and history simply incomprehensible. Incomprehensible means that the speaker's language is disordered and empty. This sentence means that the listener does not understand.
2. Examples of idioms that praise and criticize misused words
A considerable number of idioms have obvious colors. If they are not distinguished when used, it will lead to misuse. Inability to distinguish colors is mainly manifested in the misuse of praise and blame, inappropriate style and color, etc. For example:
1. The secretary and the mayor strictly ordered the local public security agency to solve the case within a time limit. The police went out in full force and set up cards to investigate. The thief was caught that night and all the wallets were recovered. "Dispatching out in full force" is a metaphor for dispatching everyone, and is often used in a derogatory sense. There is inappropriate emotion here.
2. The enemy was beaten away, but we know that they will not be willing to fail and will definitely regroup and make a comeback. "Regroup" means "to gather strength and try again after failure". It is a complimentary term and should not be used in a derogatory sense.
3. After he was released from prison, he still did not want to repent. He worked with a car thief and stole three motorcycles within six months. The complimentary word "one heart and one mind" is mistakenly used as a derogatory word.
4. Shaanxi paper-cutting is rough and simple, concise and exaggerated. Compared with the meticulous and neat style of Jiangnan area, it is really the same, each has its own merits. (1995 National College Entrance Examination Question) "Half a pound" is mostly used in a derogatory sense.
5. Lao Wang exposed his shortcomings with one sentence, making him furious and furious. "A man soaring into the sky" often describes a fearless spirit and spirit. When used here, it is both inappropriately emotional and indifferent.
6. The Swaythlin Cup is finally back in our arms! When everyone was celebrating, people couldn't help but admire Cai Zhenhua. Danguanxiangqing means that when one person becomes an official or is promoted, his friends also congratulate each other on getting an official position. Generally used to describe when bad people are in power and evil people succeed. Emotional colors are mixed up here.
7. In reality, there are many people who hold important positions but have no ideas. They have stubborn and rigid ideas and do not want to reform, or even obstruct reform. "Chengfu" refers to the city and the government, which is a metaphor for the scheming of dealing with people. The whole word means to be frank and sincere without any scheming. It is a complimentary word and should not be used in a derogatory sense.
8. These young scientists are determined to overcome many difficulties with the courage to do anything and explore the mysteries of nature. "Doing everything" means "doing nothing", which means "doing all the bad things". It is obviously not appropriate to use it on "young scientists".
9. Qi Baishi's painting exhibition opened in the art museum. Painters from the Chinese Painting Research Institute rushed to watch it, and art lovers also flocked to it. (National College Entrance Examination Question in 1997) "Flock" is a metaphor for many people rushing towards something like a flock of ducks. It often has a derogatory meaning. It is used to describe "art lovers", but the derogatory term is mistakenly used as a complimentary term.
10. In order to save this factory that was on the verge of bankruptcy, the newly appointed factory leaders actively carried out market research and paid close attention to product quality and development. They were really deliberate. (1998 National College Entrance Examination Question) "Careful" refers to long-term intentions and exhaustive efforts. It also refers to making every possible effort to plan. It is often used in a derogatory sense. It is inconsistent with the praise and criticism of the title.
11. Since China promulgated and implemented foreign investment regulations, many foreign businessmen have been ready to invest in China. The derogatory word "ready to move" is mistakenly used as a neutral word.
12. Xin Qiji inherited and carried forward Su Dongpo's bold style. With his ever-changing writing power, passionate momentum, expressing emotions and aspirations, and criticizing the current shortcomings, Xin Qiji formed a major school of poetry in the Southern Song Dynasty. The meaning of the sentence is that Xin Qiji's writing skills are very profound and full of heroism. And "turning over the clouds and changing the rain" is a metaphor for playing tricks, playing tricks of power, and being capricious. There is clearly a misuse here.
13. Mr. Lu Xun is not only the great standard-bearer of the "May Fourth" new literature, but also the originator of modern printmaking art. "Instigator" is a derogatory term, referring to the founder of bad habits. It is an obvious misuse to say that Lu Xun was also a pioneer of printmaking art.
14. If the government wants to truly transform its functions, it must completely transform the existing government agencies. "Changing one's appearance" is a metaphor for changing only the form, not the content. It seems inappropriate to use it here in an emotional tone.
15. The Japanese invaders crazily massacred Chinese civilians in Nanjing. This is a fact that is well-known and cannot be changed by any sophistry. "Praise by word of mouth" means that all people are living monuments. It is a metaphor for unanimously praising outstanding good people and good deeds. If it is used in the matter of "crazy massacre of Chinese civilians", it is guilty of the problem of "praise and derogation".