2. In Wei Zhong's Sleeping on a Rainy Night in the Tang Dynasty, Su Shi felt deeply after reading it, and agreed with Su Zhe's Sleeping on a Rainy Night, but it never came true. "Sleeping in the Rain at Night" has spread to this day, not only referring to brothers, but also becoming a matter of brothers.
In the poem The Roar of Lions, Su Dongpo and his friend Chen Jichang joked: "The monks in Longqiu are also poor. He talked about sleepless nights, and suddenly he listened to lion roars, and his cane fell to the ground. " Because this poem, in classical Chinese, "lion roar" means being afraid of his wife, and Chen Jichang is afraid of his wife's husband, so the name has been passed down through the ages.
4. The untimely Chaoyun is Su Shi's concubine. Once Su Shi finished eating and asked his family, "What's in it?" Some people say it's literary talent, others say it's full of knowledge, but Chao Yun says it's inappropriate, so he quotes Su Shi as his confidant.
He is a famous ink and bamboo painter in Northern Song Dynasty and a close friend of Su Shi, a great poet. They have a deep friendship. Su Shi also likes painting ink bamboo, and once asked Wen Tong for advice. When Wen Tong instructed Su Shi to draw bamboo, he said, "When drawing bamboo, you must remember something first and be familiar with it first. Even those who see what they want to draw should follow the painting quickly, so as to catch up with what they see, such as a rabbit falling and dying after standing up less. " Su Shi is deeply touched by this. Chao, a poet in the Song Dynasty, also said, "When you can draw bamboo, you have a clear idea." This is the origin of the idiom "have a plan" or "have a plan". Since then, people often use this idiom to show that they have done a comprehensive and mature consideration before doing something.
6. In the second year of Jiayou in the Northern Song Dynasty (A.D. 1057), Su Shi was highly praised by Ouyang Xiu and other examiners in the national examination for selecting Jinshi. Ouyang Xiu saw that the paper was the best, so he wanted to be the first, with the emphasis on being the champion. He was afraid that the paper was written by his favorite pupil, Ceng Gong, and he was awarded the first prize, with the emphasis on the champion. He was suspected to be under Li, so he was awarded the second place. I didn't know it was Su Shi's test paper until I opened it, and I regretted it very much. Su Shi won the first place in the second interview of oral examination held by the Ministry of Ritual. Later, when Ouyang Xiu read Su Dongpo's thank-you letter, he said to his old friend Mei, "Reading Su Shi's letter made me sweat all over. I am so happy! This man is a genius today. I should avoid him and let him get ahead. Please mark my words, no one will mention me again after 30 years! " At that time, Ouyang Xiu was famous all over the world, and all the scholars in the world had the right to advance and retreat. In this sentence, Su Shi's name spread all over the country in an instant, and this idiom came from here. Later, the metaphor of "getting ahead" surpassed the average person and was superior.
7, inexhaustible, inexhaustible Su Shi in the "Thousand Red Cliff Fu" has "between husband and heaven, everything has its own owner. If it's not mine, it's a dime. Only the breeze on the river and the bright moon in the mountains can be heard by the ears, and the eyes can meet to get color, which is inexhaustible; It is the creator's endless hiding place, and my son and I are in the right place. " Later, someone changed "no prohibition" to "endless".
8. Get to the bottom of Su Shi's "Hou Chibi Fu" "So I brought wine and fish and swam to the bottom of Chibi. The river sounds, the dike breaks in thousands of feet, the mountain is high and the moon is small, and the water comes out. " "What comes naturally" evolved from this.
9. Tomorrow's Yellow Flower "Tomorrow's Yellow Flower" comes from a poem written by Su Shi on the Double Ninth Festival. He wrote in the poem "Nine Days and Two Rhymes (Double Ninth Festival)": "You don't have to go home when you meet, and Huang Die will be sad tomorrow." He also wrote in Nanxiangzi. Xu Junyou was presented by Hanhui Building in Jiujiu: "Everything is a dream in the end. Take a break, and Huang Die will be worried tomorrow. " Later generations took a step from this famous sentence and used "tomorrow's yellow flowers" as a metaphor for all kinds of outdated people or things.
10, Perseverance Su Shi said in On Chao Cuo: "People who made great achievements in ancient times were not only outstanding talents, but also perseverance." The idiom "perseverance" comes from this.
1 1, Wu Hai raised Su Shi's Dongpo Zhi Lin? "Quotations of Three Old Men": "Taste the year when three old men meet each other, or ask ... a person says,' The sea has changed, and I have done something better. You come and I will raise ten houses. ""Formerly known as Longevity, it was later celebrated with the word "raising the sea house".
12, Fang Liuyu took Su Shi to stay in Jinshan Town, and Fo Yin returned to the skirt, which became an eternal story.
13, Cao Qin and Cao Qin participated in Su Shi's trip to the West Lake when he was in Hangzhou. One day, the play said, "I am an elder, and I will try my best to meditate." Cao Qin asked, "What's the scenery like in the lake?" Su Shi replied: "Sunset and lonely Qi Fei, autumn waters are the same color." Cao Qin said, "What are the people in the scene?" A: "The skirt drags six pictures of Xiaoxiang water, and the bun pulls a cloud in Wushan." "What do people like?" "Let him be Yang and the tortoise kill Bao to join the army." "How about this?" "There were fewer and fewer cars and horses in front of the door, and finally she married herself to a businessman." Cao Qin realized that he would cut Niebuhr's hair today.
14, the boat passed. When Jiang Hai sent Dongpo to Huangzhou to spend the rest of his life, he wrote the word "Lingjiang Xianzi-Lingao at night". Among them, there is a saying that "when the ship dies, the river and the sea will send the rest of the life". According to Ye Mengde's "Tale of Summer", it is said that after this first word was written, it spread among the people that night. Because the ending expressed the author's idea of seclusion, the next day people said that Su Shi had hung his crown suit on the river, sat on the boat and roared away. The local officials were shocked when they learned that they were afraid of dereliction of duty because of the prisoner's loss, and rushed to check it out. When I arrived at my residence, I found him breathing like thunder and still not getting up.
15. There are many fish in the sea. According to the story under the forest, when Su Shi was in Huizhou, he ordered Chaoyun to sing the word "Dead Hua Lian". Before Chaoyun started singing, she was already in tears. Su Shi asked why, and said to the cloud, "What I can't sing is' there are few willows blowing on the branches, and there are no fragrant grass in the end of the world'!"
16, Wei Yun, Qin Xueshi, Shaanxi, Qin Guan, Man Ting, has a saying, "The mountain ink is Wei Yun, and the sky is sticky with grass", so the style of ci is similar to that of Liu Yong, so Su Shi said that Qin Guan is "imitating Liu Yong's lyrics" in person, and it is also called "the mountain ink is Wei Yun Qin Xueshi, and the flowers are exposed to reflect the willow wasteland". ("The Reflection of Flowers Exposed" is the first sentence of Liu Yong's "Broken Array Music". )
17, Dongpo Meat is famous all over the country as "Dongpo Meat", which is a traditional dish unique to Hubei in Chu Township and is well known by people. Su Shi made it himself and founded it in Huangzhou. Su Shi's cooking pork is really a good way. According to his own summary, the main point of cooking is: "slow fire, less water." So the Dongpo meat cooked is very delicious. He also wrote a poem "Ode to Pork": "After washing the pot, you can't afford to smoke without water. Don't rush him when he is ripe, he will be beautiful when the heat is enough. Huangzhou good pork, the price is as cheap as dirt. If you refuse to eat, the poor can't cook. I got up in the morning and played two bowls, so I was too full to care. "
18, Dongpo Soup Su Shi invented a vegetable soup called Dongpo Soup. This is basically for the poor, and he recommended it to the monk. The method is to steam the rice on the vegetable soup with a double-layer pot, and at the same time, the food is fully cooked. There are cabbage, radish, rape root and mustard in the soup below. Wash it carefully and put some ginger before cooking. In ancient China, people used to put some uncooked rice in their soup. After the vegetables are cooked, they don't taste raw. Put the steamed rice into another leaky pot, but be careful not to let the soup touch the rice so that the steam can enter evenly.
19, a drop in the ocean Su Shi's "Former Red Cliff Fu": "Driving a boat with a leaf, lifting bottles for each other; Send ephemera and heaven and earth, nine Niu Yi hairs. " "A drop in the ocean" comes from this.
20. It is recorded in Su Yu Fang that when Su Shi was in Hangzhou, he built a sick workshop with his own salary and treated nearly a thousand people in three years. As he is a great calligrapher, some people pretend to be ill and beg him to prescribe a prescription to get his calligraphy. Su Shi did not refuse. One prescription was prescribed at a time: "There are mainly four kinds of medicines: one day is nothing expensive; Going to bed early the next day is rich; Take a step by step to make a car in three days; Eat meat on the fourth night. "
2 1, Clinical Year of Night Rain 106 1, Su Shi broke up with Su Zhe for the first time in his life. When he went to Fengxiang to take up his post (according to records, the place where he broke up was in the west gate of Zhengzhou), he mentioned the marriage of Night Rain: "When will Night Rain listen to the bleak past with cold light?" Don't forget your intention. Be careful not to love high officials and high officials. "A.D. 1079, Su Zhe wrote a song" Xiaoyao Hall Will Stay "in Xuzhou, reminding his brother of his retirement agreement:" After Xiaoyao Hall, I will look for wood for a long time, and I will make a storm. Looking for the Old Testament in bed by mistake, I don't know how to wander in Pengcheng. "Su Shi also wrote such a poem in" A Tour of the Red Collection in the Manjiang River ":"Let's live up to the meaning of the forest in the past and listen to the rainy night in bed. "When Su Shi demoted Huangzhou to be an official, he wrote the words describing the reunion of brothers in" Sending a Son in Early Autumn ":"The rainy night in the snowy hall has been ringing against the bed. " ...
Su Dongpo said to Liu Gongfu, "In the past, I often enjoyed the' Three Whites' with others. I thought it was so delicious that it was hard to believe that there were still eight treasures in the world." Liu Gongfu hurriedly asked: "What is the taste of' three whites'?" Dongpo replied, "A pinch of salt, a dish of raw radish and a bowl of rice." It turned out that raw radish with salt made Liu Gongfu laugh. A few days later, Gong Fu suddenly sent an invitation and invited Dongpo to eat "Three Whites". Dongpo thought he would go to dinner as scheduled because of some allusions. As a result, when he saw the radish, salt and rice on the table, he realized that Liu Gongfu was playing "three whites", so he picked up the chopsticks and swept them away. Dongpo returned to his office and said to Liu Gongfu, "Please come to my house tomorrow. I have a dinner. " Kung Fu knew it was a joke, but he didn't understand what "rice" was. He arrived in Fu Su the next day as promised. The two met and talked and laughed for a long time. Until after noon. The food is not ready yet. Liu Gongfu felt hungry and asked for dinner. Dongpo said, "Wait a little longer." So many times, the answer is the same. Liu Gongfu couldn't stand it any longer, but Su Dongpo replied slowly: "Salt has hair, radish has hair, and rice has hair. Why not? " Mao is "nothing". Meaning: No salt, no radish, no rice. Isn't this rice? After hearing this, Gongfu laughed and said, "I think my husband will definitely find a chance to get back at my three meals." I didn't expect such a move. " After all, Dongpo had a real banquet that day, and Liu Gongfu drank it until late.
23, desperately eat puffer fish According to Sun Bin's "Xiuer" in the Song Dynasty, when Dongpo lived in Changzhou, there was a family that made puffer fish very well and prepared to let Dongpo taste their craft. After Su Dongpo was seated, the scholar's family members all hid behind the screen, wanting to hear how Su tasted the questions. However, Dongpo was absorbed in chewing and didn't say a word, which disappointed his family. Disappointed, I suddenly heard Dongpo exclaim loudly: "Death is worth it!"
24. Gas is like a vegetable bud. What do you mean by "gas is like bamboo shoots"? Su Shi noted from the cloud: "It is said that there is no sour stuffing." I just hate those who turn elegance into vulgarity. According to Ye Mengde's Shi Lin Shi Hua, "There are so many monks who study poetry in modern times, and they have no interest in detachment. Often pick it up to imitate what the literati abandoned, but also make a style, especially the custom, which is called sour stuffing. Zi Zhan's poem said,' The language has been vague since ancient times, and it belongs to the public with empty vegetables and bamboo shoots.' Taste the cloud:' Do you know bamboo shoots? It is not sour. All the audience laughed. "
25. Take part in accidental amusement. Zen master Datong is an old monk with strict law and discipline and noble morality. It is said that anyone who wants to see him in his temple must first fast according to law. Of course, women can't enter his meditation hall. One day, Su Dongpo went to visit a temple with a group of people, including a prostitute. Knowing the monk's habits, everyone stopped outside. Su Dongpo has a close relationship with the old monk. Under a naughty impulse, he wanted to bring prostitutes in and break the rules of the old monk. When he went in with a prostitute to worship the old abbot, the old abbot was obviously unhappy to see the young man so absurd. Su Dongpo said that if the old abbot was willing to lend him the wooden swallows used to beat wooden fish during chanting, he would immediately write a poem to apologize to the old abbot. So Su Dongpo sang the following minor to prostitutes:
"Who is the singer, who is the heir to the clan, I don't doubt this, if I borrow your clappers and doors.
"The woman in the stream steals her eyes, and the mountain is still frowning, but she retires for Maitreya, and the teenager is not worried about her grandmother."
This is the monologue of the clown on the stage, and even the strict monk Chase laughed. Su Dongpo and the prostitute walked out of the meditation room and boasted to others that they had learned the "Tantric Buddhism Class".
26. On one occasion, when Su Dongpo went to Hangzhou as a provincial judge, he once sentenced a case related to a monk. There is a monk named Liang Ming in Lingyin Temple. He often went to Goulan Courtyard to make love and fell in love with a prostitute named Xiunu. Finally, all the money was spent, leaving him in rags, so Xiunu never saw him again. One night, when he woke up drunk, he went to show it to the slaves. After being locked out, he broke in, beat Xiunu and killed her. The monk was tried for murder. When examining him, the official saw a couplet tattooed on his arm: "I hope to live in a happy country together to avoid the painful yearning in this world." After the investigation of the whole case, the evidence was presented to Su Dongpo. Su Dongpo couldn't help but write down the verdict in the following minor:
"Bald slave, practice te evil spirit, genting empty ring. Just because I am infatuated with Lou Yu, I feel helpless. According to the sad hands, the painted face is broken, the color is empty and the color is safe, and the arm is bitter and acacia. This time, I paid the debt of acacia. "
The monk was taken to the execution ground and beheaded. These two minor songs, like the above, were written in oral words at that time, which naturally passed from mouth to mouth, adding more gossip to this talented and strange poet.
27. Ice Muscle jade bone Su Shi's "Song of the Cave Fairy": "Ice Muscle jade bone, cool and sweatless." Ice Muscle jade bone is used to describe muscles and bones as pure as ice and moist as jade.
28. According to the Records of Danxian County, Su Shi once met a "dream girl" who lived in the east of Dancheng and was over seventy years old. She often sings in the fields and eats everywhere. " Q: "What is the world like?" The old woman said, "The world is like the ears of a spring dream." Gong Dao: "What?" Yue: "Hanlin used to be rich, which was a dream of spring." Gong Dao: "Of course." Because it's called "Women in Spring Dreams". Su Shi has a poem saying: "I am happy to have an eastern daughter, but I still have a dream to change my fan."
29. I don't know the true face of Lushan Mountain. Su Shi's "Title Xilin Wall": "Looking horizontally, the mountain side becomes a peak, and the distance is different. I don't know the true face of Lushan Mountain, but toward which corner of the mountain. "
30. When Su Shi was the prefect of Hangzhou, he went to the West Lake to investigate the terrain and found that the lake was overgrown with weeds and the lower pool was dry. He designed to open rivers and dredge lakes to build water conservancy projects. People can irrigate thousands of hectares of land and rely on it to get rich. At the same time, he built a weir gate to store and drain the lake; Take the mud from the lake and build a 30-mile long embankment with a north-south diameter; Six bridges and nine pavilions were built on the embankment to connect the inner lake with the outer lake; On both sides of the dike, willows and hibiscus are planted everywhere, and the lake is full of lotus water chestnuts, which not only beautifies the scenery, but also facilitates travel and farming. In order to thank him for his achievements, Hangzhou people called it "Su Gong Di".
3 1. When Su Shi was in Xuzhou, the Yellow River in Caocun burst and the city was besieged by floods. Su Shi personally led the soldiers and civilians to go out with shovels and dustpans, braved the heavy rain and rushed to build the southeast long embankment. He even lived in the city, and he didn't live at home, which made the officials defend separately, and finally saved the city and safeguarded the lives and property of the people in the city. Later, people built a yellow house to commemorate it.
32. It is said that Su Shi and Wang Fu got married, and there is a small cause: Wang Fu's father, Wang Fang, is a scholar who paid tribute to the countryside and is quite famous. He wants to name the wonders of his hometown (there is a natural fish pond under the gable, and when tourists clap their hands, the fish jump out one after another), and at the same time he wants to secretly choose a spouse, so he invited a famous local young talent to name the wonders. Many people lost the election, only Su Shi's title of "fish pond" was intriguing, but Fu's title was hidden in the curtain, so Su Shi was chosen as the son-in-law.
Note: This scene is in Si Xia, Zhongyan Temple, Qingshen County, Sichuan Province, and it has been well preserved so far. I just don't know if it was written by a bachelor.
33. Dongpo painted stones with great compassion. When he was an official in Hangzhou, a silk merchant once told a fan maker that he owed him 20 thousand silk money and would not pay it back. The craftsman said, "My father died not long ago and spent a sum of money. It has been rainy and cold for several days in Hangzhou this year. Nobody bought a fan, so I can't pay for it for the time being. " Su Shi thought for a long time, asked the craftsman to go home and bring the fans, picked out 20 folding fans, picked up the writing brush on the field, inscribed and painted on the fans, and then ordered the craftsman to take them outside and sell them quickly. As soon as the craftsman came out of the yamen, the fans were snapped up, and one thousand yuan was just enough to pay the bill. (It is recorded in Lin Yutang's biography of Dongpo)