This is a basic Chinese question for the senior high school entrance examination, and the score is generally about 30 points of 150 test paper. The content mainly includes pinyin (some Chinese characters are written according to pinyin, and some Chinese characters are phonetic), the judgment of sentence correctness, the recitation and dictation of ancient poems (reminder: not only ancient poems, but also ancient prose, such as the dictation of famous sentences in Yueyang Tower, a teacher's model, etc. Pay special attention to the recitation and dictation of ancient poetry in six Chinese textbooks, that is, the ancient poetry learned in junior high school, not just the ancient poetry in the fifth and sixth textbooks of junior high school), the communication of context (what characters should say in different situations to conform to their identity and language characteristics, etc. ), and a little knowledge of famous works, such as recitation and imitation. In a word, this part is the most basic accumulation and application of Chinese. This requires students to review the ancient prose they have learned before in the third grade and recite it selectively, so that they can learn it by heart.
This part of the review method is to review the old and learn the new, and strive to read every article, export it as a chapter, write it correctly, and review it in time according to the memory law. Dictation and comparison should be repeated for some key sentences, and there should be no carelessness. Because according to the marking rules, if a word in classical poetry is wrongly written, this sentence will not be graded. For example, there are two poems in Wang Wan's "The next berth on Beibao Mountain" in the Tang Dynasty: ... Night gives way to the ocean of the sun, and the old year melts in freshness. Many candidates in the senior high school entrance examination write "sheng" as "sheng" because they don't fully understand the meaning of the poem ("... night now gives way to the ocean of the sun" means: it is early spring on the river, and the sun has risen on the sea, but the night has not completely disappeared). Therefore, we must thoroughly understand classical poetry, especially ancient poetry, so that we will not make mistakes in the senior high school entrance examination. Remember: remember on the basis of understanding.
Second, reading comprehension.
This is the highlight of the senior high school entrance examination language, accounting for about one-third of the total score. This section consists of two subsections: the vernacular and the classical Chinese, in which the vernacular is divided into prose (narrative, novel or argumentative) and expository. As far as the senior high school entrance examination is concerned, the vernacular papers are mostly famous articles outside the text, and the classical Chinese is generally based on teaching materials. Therefore, to learn Chinese well in grade three, we should not only read the famous books in the textbooks, but also read more American prose, especially famous prose, travel notes or argumentative essays, as well as the latest scientific and technological expositions. The specific requirements are as follows:
When reading scientific and technological articles, we should be able to understand the scientific spirit and ideas embodied in the works, as well as the writing order of the articles (usually chronological order, spatial order or logical order) and the interpretation methods used (mainly examples, classification, definition, analogy, comparison, numbers and charts, etc.). ), and pay attention to the rigor and accuracy of the language.
Read argumentative essays, and distinguish opinions from materials (truth, facts, data, charts, etc.). ), find the connection between ideas and materials, and make judgments through your own thinking. Can accurately understand the structure of introduction (asking questions), theory (analyzing problems) and conclusion (solving problems) of argumentative papers, and understand the argumentation methods used in this paper (mainly including putting facts, reasoning, metaphor argumentation, comparative argumentation, etc.). ).
When reading classical Chinese, you can understand the basic content with the help of notes and reference books. Master the meaning and usage of some basic notional words and function words in classical Chinese, and understand the common sentence patterns in classical Chinese (judgment sentences, passive sentences, ellipsis sentences, inversion sentences, etc. ).
Understand the basic grammar knowledge and help to understand the language difficulties in reading materials; Understand the commonly used rhetorical devices, understand their expressive effects in the text, and also understand the important writers' works and cultural common sense involved in the text.
It should be emphasized that, whether reading in vernacular or classical Chinese, in the senior high school entrance examination, the topic design is subjective (with a high score), that is, candidates are required to answer questions according to their own understanding of the reading materials. This is consistent with the independent, cooperative and inquiry learning mode advocated by curriculum standards. Therefore, it is suggested that in the third grade, students should think in Qin Ying and ask more questions. Many students are used to "referring" to the answers behind when doing reading training, which is a very bad habit.
Reference answers are for reference only, and should not be copied. The correct way is to draw up your own answer first, and then compare it with it to see where you draw up well and where you are not enough. After a long time, you will find that your answer is not worse than the reference answer. In teaching, I found that many students' answers are much better than the reference answers.
Some students may have such a question: will you deduct points for drawing up answers according to your own understanding? This kind of worry is unnecessary. Because whether it is the usual exam or the senior high school entrance examination, the criteria for judging reading comprehension questions are the same, that is, as long as the meaning is right, score, get full marks and even add points. Therefore, please write your understanding of the reading materials boldly in your usual reading comprehension. Remember: as long as the meaning is right, score.
Third, composition
The composition of the senior high school entrance examination has the largest score in the Chinese examination, because it can best reflect a person's Chinese level. It can be said that the quality of the composition is related to the success or failure of the examination results of the whole Chinese subject, and it must not be taken lightly. Many students usually write carelessly, mainly because they don't draft at all, and even copy other people's exercises to cope with the teacher, which is not conducive to the improvement of writing ability. Therefore, writing must form good habits. These good habits include:
1, every composition is carefully conceived, memorized, a writing outline is listed, and then written in one go until you are satisfied, and then copied into the composition book-many good compositions are revised.
2. Each composition can use one or two commonly used rhetorical devices such as metaphor, personification, exaggeration and parallelism, as well as two or three idioms or idioms to enhance the readability of literary talent and content.
3. Look carefully at the teacher's revision and comments on the composition book, find out the shortcomings and successes, and ask the teacher in time if you don't understand it until you understand it.
4. Read more books, newspapers and magazines, especially the excellent compositions in the annual senior high school entrance examination. In the process of reading, we should not only carefully ponder the original work, but also carefully study the comments after the work. Think about such a composition. If I were asked to write, what would I write? Then start writing. After writing, let the teachers and students have a look and listen to their opinions. Over time, the writing ability will be improved! This is also very effective for "treating" the common problem that some students only watch and don't practice.
5. Stylistically. According to the curriculum standards and the requirements of marking the composition of the senior high school entrance examination, the writing of various styles should be as follows: writing narrative, making the content concrete, paying attention to the center of narrative and the order of narrative (time sequence, flashback, interpolation and supplementary narrative), explaining the elements of narrative in detail and making the details appropriate; Write an explanatory text, make it clear, and use the explanatory method appropriately; When writing an argumentative essay, you will use the most basic argumentation methods-putting facts and reasoning; According to the needs of life, I can write daily applications, such as letters. In the training of various styles, narrative and argumentative essays are the focus of training, especially narrative. In recent years, due to the lack of stylistics, many other genres have appeared in the excellent senior high school entrance examination, such as scripts (because the plot is vivid and the format is clear, it is easy to get high marks, so you can write some appropriately), poems, diaries and so on. Only in this way can you write well in the senior high school entrance examination.
6. About punctuation and typos. The curriculum standard requires "correct use of punctuation marks". Many students ignore this point in their usual writing, which often ends with a "dot" or only a comma and a period. This not only makes people uncomfortable, but also affects the accurate expression of the content, which should be highly valued, because punctuation has a certain meaning after a sentence and is conducive to expressing thoughts and feelings. Such as exclamation point, expressing admiration and lyricism; Ellipsis means unfinished, which causes people's association and deep thinking. Therefore, punctuation should also be used appropriately to increase the color of the article. Then, if there are many typos in an exercise, not only will points be deducted from the senior high school entrance examination (generally, one point will be deducted from two typos), but the marking teacher will also be disgusted. Therefore, it must not be underestimated. The above are some sections in the usual composition training. As long as you are careful, it is not difficult to overcome them.
7. About writing. Because the composition of the senior high school entrance examination has a certain score (for example, the score of the composition of the senior high school entrance examination in Anhui Province for four consecutive years is 8), so if you want to get full marks, you must develop good writing habits in your usual training. As far as fonts are concerned, serial numbers are generally more beautiful and faster to write.
In a word, if you want to make your Chinese score reach a new level in the third grade, you should not only make clear the rules and requirements of the senior high school entrance examination, but also be strict with yourself and train carefully in your usual Chinese study.