1. Classical Chinese essays about Fan Zhongyan
Fan Zhongyan stopped the banquet and Fan Wenzhenggong was guarding Binzhou. During his free time, he led his subordinates (subordinate officials) to the building to buy wine, but did not raise the wine glass. I saw a few people working in Cui Die to organize funeral arrangements.
The public urgent (ji, urgent) order to inquire is that a resident scholar (scholar living in another place) died in Ping, and will be buried in the suburbs. There is no coffin or coffin (burial items). The Duke was disappointed (looking frustrated), so he gave him a banquet and generously gave him alms (relief) so that he could complete his work.
Some of the guests sighed and cried. Translation: When Fan Zhongyan was guarding Pizhou, he led his subordinates to the city tower to prepare for a banquet in his spare time. Before he started to toast, he saw dozens of mourning people preparing funeral objects. He immediately sent someone to inquire, and it turned out that he was a guest here. The scholar here died in Pizhou and was about to be buried in the suburbs, but the coffins and other things were not yet ready. Fan Zhongyan was very sad and immediately removed the banquet and gave them heavy relief so that they could complete the funeral. The guests here Some lamented and even shed tears because of this. 2. Classical Chinese essays about Fan Zhongyan
Fan Zhongyan stopped banquet
Fan Wenzhenggong was guarding the state of Bin (bin). During his free time, he led his subordinates (subordinate officials) to the building to buy wine without raising a glass. I saw a few people working in Cui Die to organize funeral arrangements. The public's urgent (ji, urgent) order found out that a scholar (scholar living abroad) died in Ping, and his funeral was to be carried out in the suburbs. There was no coffin or coffin (burial items). The Duke was disappointed (looking frustrated), so he gave him a banquet and generously gave him alms (relief) so that he could complete his work. The passengers lamented that some of them were crying.
Translation:
When Fan Zhongyan was guarding Pizhou, he led his subordinates to climb the tower to prepare for a banquet in his spare time. Before he started to toast, he saw dozens of people The mourner was preparing burial objects. He immediately sent someone to inquire. It turned out that the scholar who lived here died in Pizhou and was going to be buried in the suburbs, but the coffin and other items were not ready yet. Fan Zhongyan was very sad and immediately removed it. After the banquet, they received heavy relief so that they could complete the decoration. The guests here sighed and even shed tears. 3. Fan Zhongyan's Classical Chinese
Original text:
< p> Fan Zhongyan, also known as Xiwen, was the Prime Minister of the Tang Dynasty. Zhong Yan was orphaned when he was two years old. His mother was the Zhu family of Changshan, so we named her according to her surname. He had little ambition, but when he grew up and knew his family, he wept and bid farewell to his mother, and went to Yingtian Mansion, where he lived with his relatives and literature. Day and night are endless, the winter moon is very tired, and water is used to enrich the noodles; food is not provided, and rice porridge is followed, which makes people unbearable. He was promoted to Jinshi and joined the army as the manager of the Guangde Army. He welcomed his mother back to his home. When he was promoted to official position during the Jiedu period of the Jiqing Army, his surname was returned and his first name was changed.In the seventh year of Tiansheng, Empress Dowager Zhang Xian will accept the dynasty during the winter solstice, and the emperor will lead all officials to celebrate their birthdays. Zhong Yan said extremely, and said: "If you keep relatives in the house, you have your own family etiquette. You should be on the same page as the officials and face the south. It cannot be a law for future generations." Shangshu asked the Queen Mother to return to power, but did not repay the favor. He went to find Hezhong Prefecture and moved to Chenzhou.
He paid homage to Wai Lang, a member of the Ministry of Li and Li, and to the Tianzhang Pavilion, and was summoned back. He was sentenced to the Imperial Academy, and moved to Wai Lang, a member of the Ministry of Officials and Quanzhi, Kaifeng Prefecture. At that time, Lu Yijian was in power, and many people came out of his house. Zhong Yan's "Hundred Officials Map" refers to the next day: "This is the order of moving, this is not the next, this is public, and this is private. In addition to advancing and retreating close ministers, anyone who exceeds the standard should not be appointed as prime minister." Jane was displeased. The next day, when discussing the matter of building the capital, Zhong Yan said: "Luoyang is dangerous and solid, and Bian is the place of the Four Wars. It is peaceful and suitable to live in Bian, so if you have something to do, you must live in Luoyang. You should gradually save money and repair palaces." The emperor asked Yi Jian, Yi Jian said: "This is Zhongyan's erudite theory." Zhongyan dedicated four theories, mostly ridiculing current affairs. And he said: "Emperor Cheng of the Han Dynasty believed in Zhang Yu and did not doubt his uncle's family, so there was a new disaster. I am afraid that Zhang Yu will happen today and ruin your majesty's family law." The Yi Jian complained angrily: "Zhong Yan alienated your majesty and his ministers. Quoting, they are all friends. "Zhong Yan was very friendly, so he knew Raozhou. Han Du, the imperial censor in the palace, requested the Prime Minister to write to Zhong to suppress his cronies and expose the lack of power in the court. So Secretary Cheng Yu Jing said: "Zhong Yan disobeyed the prime minister with one word and suddenly demoted him. How about what he said before is between your majesty, mother and son? Since your majesty is so kind, I would like to change my previous order." Next year, even if the Yi bamboo slips are made, the theory of being a clique will be on the rise. The Yi bamboo slips entered the prime minister's office again, and the emperor ordered Zhongyan to relieve his regrets. Zhongyan thanked him and said: "I have no regrets about the affairs of the country when I am in my hometown."
Zhongyan was strong inside and gentle on the outside, and had a filial nature. His mother was poor when she was alive, but later she was noble. , non-guests don’t value meat. The wife can only provide food and clothing for herself. He is fond of giving and loves good deeds. On the day of death, all who hear it will sigh. ("History of the Song Dynasty? Biography of Fan Zhongyan") 4. Translation of Fan Zhongyan's classical Chinese works
1. "The Story of Yueyang Tower" is a note written for the reconstruction of the Yueyang Tower.
It was written by Fan Zhongyan, a litterateur of the Northern Song Dynasty, at the request of his friend Teng Zijing, the governor of Baling County, on September 15, the sixth year of Qingli in the Northern Song Dynasty (1046). It is generally believed that Fan Zhongyan wrote it in Dengzhou City, Henan Province This prose, therefore, did not go to the Yueyang Tower. Among them, the poems "Be worried about the worries of the world first, and be happy after the joys of the world" and "Don't be happy with things, don't be sad with yourself" are the more famous and frequently quoted sentences.
"The Story of Yueyang Tower" has become a famous masterpiece handed down from generation to generation not because of its description of the scenery of Yueyang Tower, but because Fan Zhongyan used "The Story of Yueyang Tower" to express his worries first and happiness later, and his concern for the country and the people.
The original text of "The Story of Yueyang Tower" is selected from "The Collection of Fan Wenzhenggong". The author Fan Zhongyan (989-1052) of the Northern Song Dynasty, courtesy name Xiwen and posthumous title Wenzheng, was a politician, writer and military strategist in the Northern Song Dynasty.
He was born in poverty, lost his father when he was young, and his mother remarried. He went out to study and worked hard. Later, he was demoted because he offended Prime Minister Lu Yijian.
Later, he served as a counselor for political affairs. He once put forward suggestions for reforming current shortcomings such as equalizing land taxes, but was demoted again. Later, he died of illness on the way to Yingzhou to take office.
This article was written in 1046. Fan Zhongyan was demoted to Dengzhou, Henan. In 1047, Teng Zijing rebuilt Yueyang Tower and asked Fan Zhongyan to write it down. Because they were both demoted, they had the same thoughts and feelings. , so the article is full of feelings of inspiring friends, which not only expresses the author's lofty ambitions of caring about the country and the people, but also expresses the meaning of comfort and guidance to friends. 2. The original text of the work is Yueyang Tower. In the spring of the fourth year of Qingli, Teng Zijing was relegated (zhé) to guard Baling County.
In the next year, the government will be harmonious and people will be harmonious, and everything will be prosperous. Then he rebuilt Yueyang Tower, added its old structure, engraved poems and poems by Tang Xian and modern people on it, and wrote a composition to record them.
I watched my husband Baling Sheng look like him at a lake in Dongting. It holds the distant mountains and swallows the Yangtze River, and the vast and vast water stretches endlessly; the sun shines in the morning and the evening falls, and the weather is endless.
This is the grand view of Yueyang Tower, which has been prepared by predecessors. However, it is connected to Wu Gorge in the north and Xiaoxiang in the South Pole. Migrant poets and poets often meet here, and the feeling of looking at the things is the same? In the Northern Song Dynasty, Fan Zhongyanruofu had a falling rain [1] and a falling moon [2], and the moon did not open [3]. The wind howled, and the turbid waves emptied; the sun and stars disappeared [4], and the mountains disappeared [5]; the business trip was not possible, and the rafters collapsed. It is destroyed[6]; in the dusk, tigers roar and apes crow.
When climbing the tower, there are those who are nostalgic for their country, worried about slander and fear of ridicule[7], with desolate eyes and extremely sad feelings. When spring comes and the scenery is bright, the waves are calm, and the sky above and below is a vast expanse of blue [8]; sand gulls gather in the sky, and the golden scales swim [9]; the shore is covered with orchids, lush and green.
Or when the long smoke disappears[10], the bright moon shines thousands of miles away, the floating light leaps into the gold, the silent shadow sinks into the jade[11], and the fishermen answer each other's songs, how wonderful is this joy! When you climb the tower, you will feel relaxed and happy, forgetting your favors and disgrace together, drinking wine in the wind, and you will be overjoyed. Sigh! I try to seek the benevolent heart of the ancients, or do it differently from the two, why? Don’t be happy with things, don’t be sad with yourself [12].
If you live high in a temple, you will worry about your people; if you live far away from the rivers and lakes, you will worry about your ruler[13]. It means that you are worried when you advance, and you are also worried when you retreat.
But when will it be happy? It must be said, "Be worried about the worries of the world first, and be happy after the joys of the world" [14]! Alas! People from Weisi, who can I return to? [15] 3. Breaking the topic This article is a note written for the reconstruction of Yueyang Tower. It is rich in content and rich in emotion. It naturally combines narrative, scene description, discussion, and lyricism. It not only explains the story of the matter, but also describes the scenery of the lake. The description includes both insightful and profound discussion and melancholy and sad lyricism. The article expresses the author's broad mind of "not to be happy with things, not to be sad with oneself" and "worry about the world's worries first, and then the world's happiness" through the analysis and discussion of the feelings of joy or sadness of the poets when they climb the stairs. and happy” political ambition.
Notes [1] Rain: continuous rain. [2] Feifei, the appearance of heavy rain (or snow).
[3] Open: Lift, here it means clearing up. [4] The sun and stars hide their brilliance.
Yao, brilliance, light. [5] Mountains are invisible: mountains have disappeared.
[6] The mast fell and the oar was broken. [7] "Going to the country" sentence: After leaving Kyoto, I miss my hometown, worry about slander, and fear of ridicule.
Go: leave. Country: Kyoto.
[8] "Shang Xia" sentence: The sky above and below connects with the lake, and it is green and vast. [9] "Shagull" sentence: Sometimes the sandgull flies and sometimes stops, and beautiful fish swim around in the lake.
[10] Or the smoke is gone: Sometimes large swaths of smoke dissipate completely. [11] Silent Shadow sinks into the jade: When the lake is calm, the bright moon reflects into the water, as if a piece of jade has sunk into the wall.
[12] The sentence "Don't be happy with things": Don't be happy or sad because of external things (good or bad) and yourself (gains and losses) (this sentence is intertextual). Because.
[13] "Living in the temple" sentence: When you are an official in the court, you worry about the people; when you are not an official in the court, you worry about the monarch. [14] "It must be said": Then it must be said: "Worry before the people of the world worry, and enjoy after the people of the world enjoy."
[15] "Weisi people" sentence: If there is no such person, who should I go with? Micro, non, if not. [1] 4. Translation of the work In the spring of the fourth year of Qingli, Teng Zijing was demoted to be the prefect of Baling County.
In the second year, political affairs went smoothly, the people were happy, and all the abandoned projects were started. So the Yueyang Tower was rebuilt, expanded to its original size, and the best and modern poems of the Tang Dynasty were engraved on it.
Ask me to write an article to describe this incident. I see that all the good scenery in Baling County is concentrated on Dongting Lake.
Dongting Lake connects distant mountains and flows through the Yangtze River. It is vast and boundless. It can be cloudy or sunny in the morning or evening (in a day), and the scenery is ever-changing. This is the majestic scene of Yueyang Tower.
The previous accounts are (already) very detailed. In this case, Dongting Lake leads directly to Wu Gorge in the north and Xiaoshui and Xiangshui in the south. Most of the poets who were demoted and failed poets gathered here. The emotions triggered by seeing the natural scenery will probably be different. Bar.
Like that time when it rains continuously and does not clear up for several months, the cold wind roars, and the turbid waves rush into the sky; the sun and stars hide their brilliance, and the mountains disappear into shape; businessmen and travelers cannot As we move forward, the mast falls and the oars break; in the evening, the sky becomes dark, the tigers roar and the apes cry. When you climb up this building, you will leave the capital, miss your hometown, worry about (people) saying bad things, and fear (people). ) criticized and accused, and when I looked at it, I saw a scene of depression, which made me very emotional and very sad in my heart. As for when the spring breeze is warm and the sun shines brightly, the lake surface is calm and there are no stormy waves. The sky and lake light meet, and the sky is green and vast. The sand gulls sometimes fly and sometimes stop. 5. Translation of Fan Zhongyan's classical Chinese works
Fan Zhongyan, whose courtesy name is Xiwen, is a descendant of Fan Lubing, the prime minister of the Tang Dynasty. His ancestors were from Pizhou and later moved to Jiangnan, so Fan Zhongyan is considered a native of Wuxian County, Suzhou. Fan Zhongyan was two years old. At that time, his father died, and his mother remarried to a family named Zhu in Changshan. (Fan Zhongyan) followed the surname Zhu, and his name was Shuo. He was very ambitious and ethical when he was young. When he grew up, he knew his original family background and felt grateful ( The grace of upbringing) cried goodbye to his mother and went to Yingtian Mansion to study with Qi Tongwen. He worked day and night without rest. When he was very tired in winter, he washed his face with cold water. There was not enough food, and he could only survive on porridge. Most people Fan Zhongyan couldn't stand the (harsh treatment and environment), but he didn't regard this (difficulty) as hardship.
After passing the Jinshi examination and passing the imperial examination, he joined the army as the manager of the Guangde Army and welcomed his mother back to support him. After he was appointed as the Jiedu Tui officer of the Jiqing Army, his original surname was restored and his name was changed.
(Served as) supervising the salt tax in Xixi, Taizhou. He was promoted to the post of Prime Minister of Dali Temple, and then transferred to supervise the Chuzhou Grain Institute. He resigned from the official position because of his mother's death (returning home to observe filial piety). Yan Shu served as the magistrate of Yingtian Prefecture. Hearing about Fan Zhongyan's reputation, he summoned him to enter the government school (equivalent to recruiting him into the current education department to become the president of a provincial university).
Fan Zhongyan wrote to the emperor requesting to choose county governors, recommend county magistrates (that is, select talents and appoint capable people), reject those who are not doing their jobs properly and lazy people, eliminate redundant officials and correct things that violate etiquette (that is, rectify society and * **), strict electoral system, appease the army generals, 1*** more than 10,000 words. After observing filial piety, he was recommended by Yan Shu to serve as the school manager of the Secret Pavilion.
Fan Zhongyan was familiar with the "Six Classics" extensively, and was especially good at "The Book of Changes". People who were eager to learn often followed him to study and discuss issues. Fan Zhongyan held the scriptures for them and explained them without getting tired. I once used my salary to buy food for the traveling scholars from all over the world.
The people who studied abroad even changed their clothes when they came out (that is, Fan Zhongyan was described as loving talents and taking good care of the people who came to study), and Fan Zhongyan was very satisfied. Whenever they discuss the affairs of the world impassionedly, without caring about their own status, fame and wealth, the atmosphere of scholar-bureaucrats suddenly changes greatly, and they all advocate style and integrity. This is what Fan Zhongyan first advocated. 6. Fan Zhongyan’s Reading Classical Chinese
Original text
Original text: Fan Zhongyan was orphaned when he was two years old, and his family was poor and helpless. He rarely has great ambitions. He always takes the world as his own responsibility and studies hard. Sometimes he is lazy at night and often feeds his noodles with water. He has no food and eats porridge while studying. As an official, he always discussed world affairs generously without caring about his own life. He was even slandered and demoted, and was relegated to Dengzhou as a political advisor. Zhong Yan worked hard and worked hard, but his diet was not heavy on meat. His wife only had enough food and clothing. He often recited to himself: "A scholar should worry about the worries of the world first, and rejoice after the happiness of the world."
Another version: Fan Zhongyan was orphaned when he was two years old, his mother was poor and helpless, so he became a member of the Zhu family in Changshan. . When he grew up, he learned about his family, sobbed and bid farewell to his mother. He went to Nandu and studied hard day and night in the school dormitory. He did not undress to go to bed for five years. Or if you are lazy at night, you often eat noodles with water. Often the naan and porridge are not enough, and you start eating at the end of the day. Then he understood the purpose of the Six Classics and expressed his ambition for the world. He often recited to himself: "A scholar should worry about the world's worries first, and rejoice after the world's happiness."
Meaning of the word
Literal meaning: Zaishi: Marrying for the second time, that is, remarrying. Suitable for: getting married. Aristocratic family: A family that has been officials for generations. 饘: zhān, thick. Rizhao: The sun is in the west. 昘, zè. Orphan: lost his father when he was young. Wo: pour. Scholar: scholar. Southern Capital: Lin'an (today's Hangzhou) Surname: Surname already: already; ... Later: twice Purpose: Essential meaning Beginning: Once
Translation
Translation: Fan Zhongyan died when he was two years old Father. My mother was very poor and had no support. So he remarried to the Zhu family in Changshan. (Fan Zhongyan) When he grew up, he knew his life experience, bid farewell to his mother with tears in his eyes, and left to study at Nandu Academy in Yingtian Mansion. (He) studied hard during the day and late at night. In five years, I never took off my clothes and went to bed. Sometimes I feel drowsy at night and often pour water on my face. (Fan Zhongyan) I often study hard during the day and eat nothing until the sun turns west. In this way, he understood the main purpose of the Six Classics and passionately set up his ambition to benefit (govern) the world. He often recited to himself: "Scholars should worry before the people in the world worry, and be happy after the people in the world are happy.
” Enlightenment: Fan Zhongyan’s things worth learning include: filial piety to his parents, gratitude to his mother for her hardships, and studying hard; diligent and eager to learn, not afraid of hardship, and living up to his mother’s expectations 7. Classical Chinese translation of Fan Zhongyan’s ambition for the world
< p> There are two versions of the original text 1: Fan Zhongyan was orphaned at the age of two, and his mother was poor and helpless. He then became a member of the Zhu family in Changshan.Now that he has grown up, he knows his family background and bids farewell to his mother in tears. , went to ⑥ Nandu ⑦, studied hard day and night, and did not take off his clothes to go to bed for five years.
Or he was sleepy at night, often eating rice porridge with ⒅ water. At the end of the day, I started to eat, and then I understood the purpose of the Six Classics, and I am determined to be in the world.
I often recite to myself: "A scholar should worry about the world's worries first, and rejoice in the world's happiness later." . "Translation 1 Fan Zhongyan's father died when he was two years old, and his mother was poor and helpless, so she had to remarry to the Zhu family in Changshan.
When Fan Zhongyan grew up, he learned about his life experience and bid farewell to his mother with tears in his eyes. , left to study at Nandu Academy in Yingtian Mansion. He studied hard during the day and late at night. For five years, he almost always slept in his clothes. Sometimes when he was tired at night, he would often wash his face with cold water. He studied hard during the day and couldn't eat enough thick porridge. He didn't eat anything until the sun turned west.
So he mastered six classics ("Poetry", "Book", "Li", "Yi", "Yue"). "Spring and Autumn"), he passionately set up his ambition to govern the world. He once chanted himself: "You should be sad before everyone in the world is sad, and enjoy after everyone in the world is happy."
Original text 2 Fan Zhongyan was orphaned at the age of two, and his family was poor and helpless. He always took the world as his own responsibility, studied hard, or was lazy at night, often eating rice with water; without food, he ate porridge. And read.
As an official, he spoke generously about world affairs, and was even slandered and demoted.
Zhong Yan worked hard and worked hard. He does not pay much attention to meat, and his wife only has enough food and clothing. He often recites to himself: "A scholar should be concerned about the world's worries first, and be happy after the world's happiness." ”
Translation 2 Fan Zhongyan lost his father when he was two years old, and his family lived in poverty with no support. He had lofty ambitions since he was a child, and often regarded managing national affairs as his due responsibility.
He He studied hard, and sometimes he felt sleepy and tired at night, so he washed his face with cold water. Sometimes he couldn't even eat, so he drank porridge and studied.
After becoming an official, he often talked about world affairs emotionally, regardless of his own safety. As for being demoted due to slander, he was demoted to the post of governor of Dengzhou.
Fan Zhongyan worked hard and did not eat much meat. He only provided for himself in terms of clothing and food for his wife and children. He recited: "You should be sad before everyone in the world is sad, and enjoy after everyone in the world is happy."
(Selected from Ouyang Xiu's "The Shinto Inscriptions of Wen Zhengfan Gong, the Minister of Hubu, Zizheng Palace". sequence").