source
Fu Shan/17 orders-Linghu Chu
original text
Mountain, steep, cycle.
On the sea, in the white clouds.
Shang Lao seeks deep, Xie Gong climbs far.
The ancient rock springs are dripping, and the birds in the valley are closed.
Tree Island is bordered by Theron in the west and Ape Sound Man in the south.
The world is only interested in the elderly, but there are no elk in the grass.
Translation (self-translation, please point out any mistakes)
The mountain shape is high and steep, forming a continuous surrounding trend.
In the vast sea, in the white clouds.
Big noble lived in seclusion and explored the mountains, and Xie Lingyun also liked to play in the mountains.
There are springs dripping from the rocks with a long history, and birds are constantly heard singing in the quiet and deep valleys.
There are many birds in the tree, so many that you can still see them at the border of the country, and many apes, so many that you can often hear their voices in the wilderness of southern Chu.
Unfortunately, people only yearn for the life of the rich and officials, and this beautiful scenery can only be left to the elk in the mountains and wilderness to wander and enjoy.
Keyword annotation
Shang Lao: Shang Shan, Dongyuandong, Qiliji and others in big noble lived in seclusion in the last four years of Qin Dynasty, and they were over eighty years old.
(Shangshan Sigui is the last four doctors of the Qin Dynasty: Dongyuan Gongtang Bing,,, Wu Shi, Qi, and Mr. Li. Dissatisfied with Qin Shihuang's atrocities of burning books and burying Confucianism, he lived in seclusion and was good. Later generations refer to the famous hermit with "being good and thinking about luxury".
Xie Gong: It means that Xie Lingyun likes to travel around.
Island: Suspected "bird".
Guan Guan, the explanation generally refers to the harmony between male and female birds. Later it also refers to the singing of birds.
Theron: In ancient times, Shaanxi and Gansu were border areas.
Man Jing is the ancient name of the indigenous people in Jingchu (including derogatory meaning, which means rough, fierce and uncivilized). Refers to the indigenous ancestors of Chu.
Hairpin: Your palace dress.
works appreciation
This poem is a farewell work of Xinghua Pavilion, with the word "mountain" as the title and the word "mountain" as the rhyme limit.
"Mountain. Steep, loop. " A word high, a word wide. The first couplet of Wang Wei's masterpiece Zhong Nanshan wrote: "Its huge height is close to Tiancheng, from the mountain to the corner of the sea." Taiyi Mountain is close to the Heavenly Palace, which is extremely high. The mountain stretches all the way to the seaside, boasting extremely. Similarly, Wang Wei wrote about the height and width of the mountain, and he wrote about the specific Mount Zhongnan, describing it as exaggerated as possible; Linghu Chu wrote about ordinary mountains. In order to adapt to the characteristics of many mountains, we can only briefly summarize them. This shows that ancient poets attached great importance to the writing of related topics.
"Between the white clouds on the sea, the old man is looking for it, and Xie Gong is climbing far away." Taking the "white clouds on the sea" as the background of the mountain, on the one hand, it further sets off the height and width of the mountain; On the other hand, it paved the way for the four famous businessmen to live in seclusion, Shangshan and Xie Lingyun to climb the victory and explore the road. The words "deep" and "far" are very interesting: the word "deep" describes the characteristics of being kind and unwilling to cooperate with the rulers at that time, going deep into the barren hills, hiding their names and living a simple life; The word "far" highlights the heroic spirit of Xie Lingyun who is not afraid of distant places, heights and dangers. Writing old thanks to the public is not an end in itself; The purpose is to write about mountains and their special role in society.
Then turn to the description of the scenery in the mountains: "The ancient stone springs are dripping, and the birds in the valley are absolutely lost." The Shu Road is adjacent to the Theron in the west, and there is a pretty ape sound in the south. "Springs, birds and apes are heard; Ancient rocks, valleys and tree islands are brightly colored. The poet accurately summed up the scenery of the four seasons in the mountains, without setting limits or ambiguity.
The last two sentences are ingenious: "The world is old and the grass is idle." Ordinary people in the world will only pursue a mediocre family life, and they will never touch each other. They have neither the reclusive ambition of the four masters of Shangshan nor Xie Lingyun's interest in exploring victory. Therefore, the flowers and plants in the deep mountain canyon are so beautiful that only elk can appreciate them.
In a word, Ling Huchu's poem does not leave the mountain, nor does it leave the mountain, and its conception is quite novel and original.
Brief introduction of the author
Ling Huchu (766 or 768 ~ 837) was a writer in the Tang Dynasty. Han nationality, word bass. Huayuan, Yizhou (now Yaoxian County, Shaanxi Province), was born in Dunhuang (now Gansu Province). Zhenyuan seven years (79 1), Jinshi. When Xian Zong was in power, he was appointed Foreign Minister and knew how to formulate imperial edicts. Out for huazhou secretariat, worship the river, Yang and Huai our time. As an assistant minister of Chinese books, it's the same as Peace Chapter. After the death of Xianzong, he was appointed as the envoy of Shanling, and was demoted to the secretariat of Hengzhou because of personal scandal. Died in Shannan West Road, our town. Text.