Teaching assumption
"Mrs. Xiang" is magnificent, romantic and mysterious, with an indescribable charm, which has attracted many speculations from the world. On the basis of the first lesson, ask "Who am I?" It is intended to arouse students' imagination and explore poetry from different levels, so as to open students' horizons and experience the artistic charm of poetry.
Academic goal
1. By reciting poems, fully understand the richness of poetic thoughts and the artistry of emotional expression.
2. Understand the diversity of poetry interpretation through the choice and exploration of different perspectives.
3. The expansion of folk culture stimulates students' interest in their hometown culture.
Curriculum presupposition
Second lesson
First, import
Liu Xie, the author of Wen Xin Diao Long, praised Qu Yuan's words "golden phase and jade style, gorgeous and overflowing". It means-"As a good article as golden as jade, its gorgeous literary talent is still jumping on the paper." (slide show)
Liu Xie lived away from Qu Yuan for about 800 years. He felt the vitality of Qu Yuan's writing and predicted that Qu Yuan was "a poet in clothes, not a generation". So today, more than two thousand years after the Qu Yuan era, can we still feel the vividness of the characters in Qu Yuan's works?
Second, read aloud.
1. The teacher uses music to stimulate students' interest.
2. Students can recite freely and feel the rich meaning of poetry.
Third, theme exploration.
Debate: Reading of "I" —— According to my personal reading and understanding, the "I" in poetry is
Teachers guide students to discuss and express their opinions. Emphasize the implementation of the text, implement the appreciation method required by the unit, and confirm the viewpoint with poetry.
For example, if "I" is Xiang Jun, what poem is used to describe Xiang Jun's mood and what is the function of scenery description …
Teachers sum up students' opinions and methods of poetry appreciation: against one's will, knowing people and commenting on the world.
Fourth, expand and extend.
From the subtle psychology revealed in "Too late to catch a glimpse of time, chatting happily and accommodating", combined with the creative background of "Nine Songs", the witchcraft culture of Chu people is derived, and the strange colors, secluded realm and melancholy artistic conception injected by Qu Yuan himself in the poem are tasted from the perspective of offering sacrifices to gods, and the beautiful and slightly melancholy artistic conception in the poem is realized.
The slide supplements Qian Zhongshu's point of view: "The author expresses his thoughts as a god or a witch. Suddenly merged into one, suddenly split into two, merged into one, merged into one, separated from each other, vaguely involved in the separation of god and witch, and fussy, like jade smoke, like the breath of a sword ... "(Qian Zhongshu's Notes on Guan Cone and Chu Ci Hong Xingzu)
Play the Nuo opera video, and the students reread the poem.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) abstract
Through the examples of appreciation in this lesson, the methods of poetry appreciation can be summarized as: against one's will, knowing people and commenting on the world.
This lesson starts with "jade", interprets the connotation of poetry from many angles, and understands the wonderful artistic conception of poetry "smoke like jade, breath like sword". The artistic blank left by the author to our imagination is the most fascinating part of poetry!
Sixth, extracurricular expansion.
Qu Yuan's nine songs are all related to the witchcraft culture in Chu. Do you know about witchcraft culture? Please explore the memory left by the ancient witch culture in Shui Yuan Valley.
Appendix 1: Teaching Design of the First Class (Outline)
1. Students combine after-class notes to dredge the text.
2. Add background information: legends about Qu Yuan, Chu Ci, Jiuge and Mrs. Xiang. ...
3. The inspiration of difficult words:
① There is something wrong with the annotation of "heritage (wèi), gift" in the textbook, which should be "heritage (yí), abandonment". (Refer to Mr. Tang's Notes on Chu Ci, page 57) "Xi Du Ruo, who will leave Xi far away" means giving away. Read wè i.
(2) "What is the bird in the tree?" "What do the elk in the court eat? What is the water source? " This is a special technique and Qu Yuan's imitation of the folk art of "rebellion". This metaphor is not desirable because of its improper position. (Refer to Qian Zhongshu's "Notes on Hong Xingzu's Explaining Chuci")
4. Arrange thinking questions: Who is the "give" in sentences such as "I am embarrassed"?
Appendix II: Supplementary Information (for students)
Qu Yuan was an outstanding politician and patriotic poet in Chu at the end of the Warring States Period. The name is flat and the word is original. Chu Wuwang Xiong Tong's son Qu Xian's descendants. Qu Yuan experienced three periods in his life: Chu Weiwang, Chu Huaiwang and King Xiang of Chu, and his main activity was in the period of Chu Huaiwang. This period is the eve of China's imminent reunification. "Qin Huang is horizontal, Chu Wang is vertical." Qu was born in a famous family, good at managing chaos and rhetoric, and was highly valued in his early years. He was a left-wing doctor. In order to realize the great cause of Chu's reunification, Qu Yuan actively assisted in the reform to strengthen the country, and insisted on uniting Qi with foreign countries to resist Qin, which once made Chu rich and strong. However, due to the sharp contradiction between Qu Yuan and the decadent aristocratic group of Chu State in internal affairs and diplomacy, and the jealousy of Shangguan Doctor and others, Qu Yuan was later framed by Mix and alienated by Chu Huaiwang. In the fifteenth year of Wang Huai (the first 304 years), from Qin to Chu, Zhang Yi bribed Shanxi merchants, Zilan, Zheng Xiu and others as spies with huge sums of money, and at the same time deceived Wang Huai with "offering merchants for 600 miles", which led to the breaking of diplomatic relations between Qi and Chu. After being cheated, Chu Huaiwang became angry from embarrassment. He sent troops to Qin twice, but both were defeated. So Qu Yuan was ordered to send envoys to Qi State to rebuild the good relations between Qi and Chu. Once again, Zhang Yi failed to disintegrate the Qi-Chu alliance from Qin to Chu. In twenty-four years, Qin Chu formed an alliance with Huang Ci, and Chu was completely embraced by the State of Qin. Qu Yuan was also expelled from the capital and moved to the Northern Han Dynasty.
Thirty years after Wang Huai, Qu Yuan returned to Du Ying. In the same year, Qin made an appointment with the military attache, was detained by Qin, and finally died in Qin. After Chu Xiang ascended the throne, he continued to implement the policy of surrender. Qu Yuan was once again expelled from Ying Capital and exiled to the south of the Yangtze River, and was displaced between Yuan and Xiang. In the twenty-first year of King Xiang of Chu (278 BC), Qin generals attacked Ying, and Qu Yuan threw himself into Guluo River in anger and died for his political ideal. Qu Yuan is the founder of China's active romantic poetry, the first patriotic poet in China, and one of the four world cultural celebrities (Qu Yuan, Goethe, Dante and Shakespeare).
The first romantic poetry anthology of Chu Ci. Collected the poems of Qu Yuan Song Yu, Liu Xiang in the Western Han Dynasty and Wang Yi in the Eastern Han Dynasty (analysis of ancient books). These poems use Chu's poetic style and dialect rhyme to describe Chu's local customs. Sentences vary in length, and the modal particle "Xi" is commonly used, which has a strong local color, hence the name "Chu Ci".
The title of the nine songs is Chu Ci. Nine Songs was originally the name of an ancient song in legend. The Nine Songs in the Songs of the Chu Dynasty was adapted or processed by Qu Yuan, a Chu man in the Warring States Period, according to folk sacrificial songs. * * * Eleven articles: Emperor Taiyi, Prince in the Cloud, Lady Xiang, Little Siming, Hebo, National Mourning, Ritual Soul.
The legend of Xiang Jun and Xiang Fu was handed down from generation to generation by Shun Di, E Huang and Nv Ying. Shun Di led the army south, followed by E Huang and Nv Ying, and stayed on the banks of Hunan River. After Shun Di's death in September, E Huang and Nv Ying received bad news and were buried in the water. Since then, she has become, and she has become Mrs. Xiang, both of whom are the gods of Xiang water.
Reference translation to Mrs. Xiang
Mrs. Xiang came to the northern island,
I am eager to meet the Iraqi people, which makes me sad.
The bleak autumn wind blows slowly,
Dongting Lake raises microwaves and leaves fall in succession.
I stood in Sandy's position and looked at it from a distance.
I have an appointment with a beautiful woman at dusk, so I got ready early.
Alas! Why do birds gather in Pyeongtaek?
Why are fishing nets hanging high in the treetops?
There are angelica dahurica in water and orchids in Lishui.
Miss Xiang, I dare not make a sound!
I was in a trance, looking at the distance,
Look at the running water silently.
Why do elk come to the courtyard for food?
Why is Xiaolong trapped in the shallow water?
Early in the morning, I rode a horse in the riverside highlands.
At dusk, I walked west through the inlet.
I heard that beautiful women called me to get together.
I'm going to call a rider and go with her.
Build a palace in the green water,
Pick lotus to build a roof.
Weave Sun Qian to decorate indoor walls,
Paint the walls of the house with pepper and mud.
Mulan is a rafter and osmanthus is the main beam.
Xinyi made a horizontal frame on the door and painted the wall with angelica dahurica and mud.
Woven Ficus pumila as curtains,
Separate the partition made of wormwood.
White jade is a treasure in the town.
Shi Lan is planted in a decentralized way, and its fragrance is everywhere.
Then cover that angelica dahurica on the top of the lotus leaf,
Around the house with Du Heng.
Collect hundreds of scents and plant them all over the courtyard.
The fragrance is elegant and distant, overflowing in front of the porch and door.
All the immortals on Mount Jiuyi came to meet her.
The gods gather together like colorful clouds all over the sky.
Throw the jacket you gave me into the river,
I threw the thin coat you gave me to the shore of Lishui-
I went to Pinting to pick up Du Ruo,
And give it to people far away to show my gentleness.
Chinese new year is like a lost water, and there can't always be good opportunities.
Despair: I just travel around and get rid of my troubles and sadness!
(Selected from Notes on Qu Translation, Qilu Bookstore 1983 Edition)
Xiang Jun
If not, who will stay in Zhongzhou?
Beauty needs repairing, and I want to take a boat.
Yuan Xiang has no waves, and the river flows safely.
Looking ahead, who will think about it?
Drive the flying dragon to the north and drive my way to Dongting.
Ficus pumila, cypress and silk, sun, radial and blue.
Looking at the sun, I am extremely ordinary, and I am eager to recharge my batteries.
Yangling is not very high, while female Chanyuan is breathless.
I am in tears, mumbling, I secretly miss you.
The laurel is blue and the ice is white.
Pick Ficus pumila in the water, hibiscus and sawdust.
The heart is different, the media is hard, and the manners are not very light!
The stone wrasse is shallow, and the dragon is graceful.
If you are unfaithful, you will complain for a long time, and if you don't believe it, you will not be idle.
Being in the river is better than being in the river, and being in the north is better.
The bird is above the house and the water is below the hall.
Donate the rest to the river, leave the rest to Persipu,
If you marry Zhou Fang Xi Du Ruo, you will inherit Xi's daughter.
It's too late to think about it again, and it's hard to talk about it.
Reading receipt:
Category name
According to my personal reading and understanding, the "I" in poetry is ().
(Recycle this reading receipt before class, extract students' opinions and names, and make a courseware. )