Parrot once came to the bank of Wujiang River, and the reputation of parrot came from the small continent in the river. The parrot has flown back to Longshan in the west, and the parrot island is full of flowers and lush vegetation. Spring breeze and warm smoke clouds waft with the fragrance of orchids, and peach blossoms on both sides of the river fall into layers of brocade waves. Those travelers who have been transferred to exile can only look far in vain at this time. Who is it for to take photos of Cheung Chau alone in the moon?
Note 1 Nautilus Island: a small continent in the Yangtze River southwest of Wuchang. Mi Fei once wrote "Parrot Fu" here, so he called it. Wujiang refers to the Yangtze River flowing through Wuchang. Because the Three Kingdoms belong to the State of Wu, it is called Wujiang. Longshan, also known as Tommy Tam, is located in the northwest of Longxian County, Shaanxi Province. It is said that parrots are produced here. Zhou Fang: a land full of herbs in the water. This refers to Nautilus Island. Jin Lang: Describe Jiang Lang as beautiful as a splendid place. The two sentences mean: the spring breeze blows away the smoke and brings a strong orchid fragrance; Peach blossoms on both sides of the strait are in full bloom, reflecting the gorgeous waves of the river. Resettlement: refers to the person who has been released. This is what poets call themselves. 7 Cheung Chau: Nautilus Island. To whom: it means to shine on whom.
Parrot Island Appreciation Poetry begins with parrots. When the word "parrot" came out, I couldn't stop, so I had to concentrate and turn down. I didn't stop until the fourth sentence. However, the poem is already halfway through. Parrot Island is a scenic spot in Jiangxia, which was originally in the river outside Wuchang, Wuhan City, Hubei Province. According to legend, at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Mi Fei's eldest son, Huang, shot and killed the guests at the conference in Huang Zu, and he improvised a poem "Ode to a Parrot" (Li Bai's "Seeing Parrot Island with Mi Fei"). After Mi Fei was killed by Huang Zu, he was also buried on the mainland. Poets of past dynasties, Linjiang Xia, mostly described Nautilus Island. This continent gradually sank in the late Ming Dynasty. At present, parrot island outside Hanyang dike is a newly silted continent during the Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty. Once known as "Budezhou", it was renamed Nautilus Island during Jiaqing period. This Nautilus Island is named after Mi Fei's "Parrot Fu", not because parrots have been here. Then the parrot at the beginning of Li Bai's poem seems to be true. In fact, it refers to Miheng, and the name of the parrot in Jiangshangzhou mainly refers to the parrot fu, not the parrot that has been here. At least, this is a pun, and it is both true and false. The following third sentence is a pun, using Mi Fei's "Parrot Fu" to "command people to stay in the dragon fight, and command Boyi to stay in quicksand". "Flying over Kunlun Mountain and coronating Yun Ni" means that the parrot has flown to the west. According to legend, parrots grow in Longshan area at the junction of Shaanxi and Gansu provinces. Now, there are no parrots on the mainland, so they must have flown back to Longshan. The implication is that Mi Heng was killed here. Therefore, the poet felt very sorry: the parrot had been here and left it a beautiful name, but it flew west. The parrot flew away and disappeared, but the trees above Zhou Fang were green. Affectionate and memorable, it shows the poet's infinite nostalgia for Mi Fei. These four poems flow freely and sing three sighs. They are by no means a simple imitation of Cui Hao's Yellow Crane Tower, but the artistic creation of the poet. Among them, the embellishment of words, the use of puns, the overlapping of words, and the earnest questioning are all similar to Cui's poems.
The poem "May 6th" begins to turn. In the process of turning, it is connected with the fourth sentence, followed by the word "He", which vividly describes the beautiful spring scenery on Nautilus Island: from a distance, Nautilus Island is full of flowers, and the air is filled with water vapor, thick clouds, steaming and foggy; The transpiration of water rises to mist, mist. Fireworks and fog, like flowers and fog, are flowers and fog, confusing each other. A spring breeze blew, and the curtain on Nautilus Island was gently pulled open, and the faint smoke and fog gradually dispersed. You can see that the green orchid leaves and lush flowers on the mainland are swaying in the breeze, beautiful and fragrant, intoxicating, and feel the warmth of spring. March is the season of warm spring in bloom. Peach blossoms on both sides of Jiangzhou River are in full bloom near the water, like red clouds, surrounding each other, and the Ran Ran rises, as if bound together by river banks and continents. Peach blossoms are colorful in the breeze. Floating on the water reflects branches and flowers. Water, water, reflection, falling, gorgeous peach blossoms dyed the sparkling Ming Che River into a dazzling brocade, and with the ups and downs of Jiangbo, waves rushed to the shore. However, although the scenery is beautiful, it can't arouse the poet's cheerful mood at all. He is still immersed in loneliness and bitterness. At this time, the poet was still an "immigrant" who was released. All these wonderful moments in front of him were in sharp contrast with his inner loneliness and pain. Good times, beautiful fireworks, all just exist. I was stranded all my life, wronged and exiled in my later years, and poorer. Although there is still a fighting spirit in my later years, I can't help but be out of the water and feel sad. In the face of such a continent, here and now is just looking at it in vain. The scenery of "the leaves are fragrant and the wind is warm, and the waves of peach blossoms on the shore are long" did not attract his attention. He is still looking for the "parrot", the Mi Heng who has a similar experience with himself. According to Lu You's Shu Guo Ji, "There is a Maolin Temple on Nautilus Island, which looks like a hill from a distance and covers the place where you were killed. The poet asked: Now that Mi Heng is buried underground, to whom will the solitary moon over Cheung Chau project its brilliance?
The poem about Nautilus Island is actually mourning the past, hurting the present and expressing deep affection for Mi Heng. The unfortunate experiences and circumstances of the poet in his later years will naturally remind him of Mi Fei. Besides, he admired Mi Fei all his life and often compared himself with Mi Fei: "I learned the sword by mistake, but I swam lightly in the world. Wei Zi No.9 Middle School, Bishan Wan Li. People who have no life are willing to be late. Liu Biao doesn't need to be in Miheng, but comes to Jiangxia temporarily; He Xun met Hans Zhang in the west and enjoyed the boat. (Preface to seeing Zhang Zu off to Dongdu in spring and summer) His friend Du Fu once praised his talent with the poem "The rice is handsome, and the students are poor in Yuan Xian" ("Send Li Twelve White and Twenty Rhymes"). He also wrote to Mi Heng many times in his poems: "I am ashamed of your Chu Shi, but I am empty of Nautilus Island. "("Tian En Liu Yelang remembers old books after the chaos, giving Jiang Taishou a good slaughter ")" I would like to sweep Parrot Island and get drunk with you for a hundred games. "(From Hanyang Sick Wine to Wang Mingfu) and there is a song" Watching Nautilus Island with Mi Heng ". Seeing Nautilus Island with Mi Heng and Nautilus Island have the same thoughts and feelings. And "Watching Nautilus Island with Mi Heng" is relatively straightforward and clear; Nautilus Island is profound and subtle.
According to previous comments, this poem by Li Bai is competing with another poem, and it boarded the Phoenix Tower in Nanjing and the Yellow Crane Tower in Cui Hao. Fang Zai, a Qing Dynasty man, once said: The Yellow Crane Tower is a masterpiece through the ages. It's just a matter of writing, a turning point. Although the scenery is broken in May and June, the air is overflowing. The same is true, so it is extremely expensive. Taibai's Nautilus Island is measured and imposing, and its style is overwhelming. It seems that I have never studied it deliberately. Fang's theory is still practical. There is no lack of mutual influence in art, but in any case, a work with deep feelings and muddy artistic conception like Nautilus Island will never be imitated.
Li Bai's poem belongs to seven laws, the first two are illegal, and the last two are combined. Wang Shihan once said in Poems: Li Bai's Nautilus Island is a chapter with strong rhyme and a green word. This "Cui Wen" was compiled into seven ancient poems, and later generations compiled into seven methods. Its style can be both ancient and modern, and it must all rhyme.
It is precisely because it does not completely conform to the law that predecessors once regarded this poem as "seven ancient poems": "Li Bai's poem Nautilus Island is urgent and complex, and it is far from flourishing in Tang Zhiyun, so it should be regarded as seven words and ancient ears." (Mao's Debate on Poetry) Li Bai has twelve seven-melody poems, most of which are like this. Compared with the whole creation, there are fewer seven-rhythm poems. The reason for this problem has been discussed by many predecessors, or Li Bai is not good at writing the seven-character law: "Li Taibai didn't write the seven-character law ... the ancients were so determined to establish their own names that they refused to show their clumsiness to others." (He Sunyi's Poem Raft) "So he only has a few poems, not because he is not good at writing, but because he doesn't want to write." (Li Bai's Wang Yunxi and Li Baojun) He scanned the forms and words impatiently. (Yao Yao's "Li Bai") Or think that Li Bai opposes the formulation of seven laws: Taibai Lun says: "Five words are not as good as four words, and seven words are boring" ... The so-called seven words are boring, which almost refers to the seven laws. Therefore, its seven laws do not work. (Weng Fanggang's Zhou Shi Hua) These evaluations are unfair, and the actual situation should be said to be determined by the development of the Seven Laws at that time. In Li Bai's era, the seven laws have not been finalized, and it is inevitable that the creation is illegal and the number is small, not only for Li Bai, but also for others. Zhao Yi had a pertinent discussion on this in Ou Bei Shi Hua:
As far as the Tang Dynasty is concerned, at the beginning, I was used to using ancient poems, and I was unwilling to be bound by rules and regulations, that is, there were more than five words in regular poems, less than seven words in quatrains. Therefore, there are only three "Seven Laws" by Li Taibai, and only two "Seven Laws" by Meng Haoran, and there is no specialization. From Gao, Cen, Wang, Du and other works of Early Dynasty, knock on the golden jade and study it carefully. Du Jigao and Censhi said that "far knowledge is right", which shows that it is time to seek merit and discipline. The format is established, more like a decree, related to its scope. But there are still many scenes to write, but not enough to refer to the classics. The sad and lonely Shaoling sent the sun away with poetry, so he changed the seven laws to perfection, writing scenery and expressing emotion, both lyrical and codifying. The seven laws are extremely beneficial. Later, Liu Changqing, Li Yishan, Wen Feiqing and others. These 56 words have been carved more, and the seven laws have become a tool for competition, such as daily diet.
Therefore, the maturity of the seven laws is after Li Bai. In this way, Nautilus Island's works are naturally illegal.
The Creation Background of Nautilus Island This poem was written in the first year of Shangyuan in Tang Suzong (760). That spring, the pardoned Li Bai spent a winter in Baling and returned to Jiangxia. The poet visited friends here, once again restoring the lofty sentiments of poetry and wine. Nautilus Island was written at this time. This poem describes the gorgeous spring scenery of Nautilus Island and the tragic experience of Gumiheng, and reflects the poet's own lonely mood of suffering from displacement. Poetry: Nautilus Island Poetry Author: Classification of Li Bai's Poems in Tang Dynasty: Place Names, Lyrics, Exile