Lu Xun said that Tao Yuanming's Ode to Jing Ke was a work of "King Kong glaring". What is the reason?

Whether mourning for the country or sighing for the old, the sad mood will not always be so strong. Judging from the poem "Biography of You Xie" written by the poet in the spring of the second year (the second year of Yong Chu), although the poet still "mourns the arrival of the sun and the moon and the absence of my year", he has temporarily "forgotten him for a thousand years" in "love" and recovered his indifferent state of mind of "being happy in the present and not seeking for tomorrow". But at this moment, another great event stirred up waves in the poet's mind, making him unable to forget the world and live in seclusion. In September this year, Emperor Wu of Song, with a narrow and vicious heart of "sleeping on the couch and not allowing others to sleep soundly", forced Emperor Jin Gong to death with poisoned wine. Zhang could not bear to drink poisoned wine and die. Emperor Wu of song ordered the soldiers to climb over the wall to get medicine. Emperor Gong refused to drink it and was killed. When the Three Kingdoms returned to Jin, Sima Yan generously placed Liu Chan, Emperor of Shu, and Sun Hao, Emperor of Wu. When Emperor Gong Jin handed over the imperial seal, there was no resentment in his heart. He said to Emperor Wu of Song, "When I arrived in Huan Xuan, my destiny changed and was extended by Gong Liu for twenty years. What we are willing to do today. " Love words are reasonable and sincere. But Liu Yuquan didn't have Sima Yan's bearing, and finally killed the last emperor. The poet couldn't hold back his resentment, and wrote poems such as Er Liang Fu, San De Fu and Jing Ke Fu to express his feelings. In addition, there are two poems, Syria Wine and Wax Day, which have obscure meanings and are considered to be works that stabbed the tyranny of Emperor Wu of Song.

Jing Ke Fu is a glaring work by King Kong, which changed the poet's plain style. "yan dan is a good man, aiming to win the prize. Collect hundreds of people and get Jing Qing at the end of the year. " Cut to the chase and get to the point quickly. Although it is not as euphemistic as other poets' poems, it is more about the lofty sentiments of opening your heart and shouting aloud. "A gentleman's bosom friend, a sword out of yanjing. Suu Kyi's reputation is wide and strange, and she gave it to me generously. Xiong Hai is in danger and eager to grow. " The word "Ti" shows the heroism of chivalrous people, and the white horse roars in the vast Yuan Ye, adding more generosity. A series of words that hit the building are heroic, dangerous, fierce and blunt, such as the tide stirring the heart tide and the rock flow pushing the blood. "Drink Xiao water, four-poster hero. Gradually away from this sad building, Yi Song sang loudly. Whispering and wailing, the wind is gone, and a faint cold wave is born. The business voice is more flowing, and the feather plays a strong man. " Write the sadness and sadness of the hero and show the strength of the hero. "I know I can't go back. I'm clearing my name for future generations. When should I take charge of boarding? Fly into the Qin court. The fiercer, the more Wan Li, the thousand cities. " Don't look back, swallow mountains and rivers. "Figure from poor things, hao is dazed camp. I'm sorry that my swordsmanship is poor and I can't do much! Although he went, he had a thousand years of love. " The process of stabbing Qin to death, in just four sentences, is meaningless and chivalrous, which is fully displayed in Zhu Hao, leaving eternal regrets and sighs.

The unrestrained enthusiasm in the poem "Jing Ke Fu" is a strong explosion of cynicism that has been suppressed for a long time in the poet's heart after the change of ownership. The poet was frustrated all his life, but it is hard to blame himself. Occasionally, there is resentment against the world, and more is self-resentment. Most of the poems reveal sad and helpless emotions and present a plain style, but the chaos and darkness of the times are, after all, the important reasons for his incompetence and poverty. From time to time, he would have deep dissatisfaction and resentment against those careerists and even the Jin emperor, not only because it was useless. However, Jin Emperor, as an incompetent monarch, did not like him personally, but as a representative of Jinshi, the poet had feelings. He once placed his hopes on Jinshi, which is consistent with his personal hopes for life. Therefore, the loss of the monarch and Jinshi further destroyed his hope. So his pent-up emotions found a flashpoint, which is why he has such a radical style. The poet realized that the main reason for his stagnation was not himself but the times, and the world was against him, so the long-suppressed injustice broke out strongly. In the third year of Yongzheng (422), the poet was 58 years old, and the poem "Feeling Scholar" was a work full of grievances. The reason why the poet wrote "Fu for Men's Never Meeting" is as stated in the preface: "Dong Zhongshu wrote" Fu for Men's Never Meeting "and Sima Zichang did it again. I spent more than three days giving lectures and reading his articles, which was full of sadness. " The mind of the ancients touched the poet's feelings. The poet believed that the simple and sincere world style was gone, the vain and humble bad habits prevailed, the honest and modest moral integrity became increasingly indifferent among the people, and bad style, who was engaged in speculation, became increasingly rampant in the officialdom. Therefore, even those who are upright and determined to rule the country and level the world have to live in seclusion when they are young, and some people who live a clean life have to work hard to waste their lives. Simple and quiet is the essence of a gentleman. Since the death of Zhen Feng, when the Great Pseudo-prosperity and the holiday of cheap retreat were slackened, the city has driven the heart of easy progress. People with lofty ideals are still the jade dive of that year; Those who purify themselves. Not necessarily diligent in the world. ""So, No.1 has a sigh of' returning to the flat' and San Lv has a sigh of' gone' ". There is no way to go, only a sigh of "forget it", which is the experience and mood of No.1 and Qu Yuan and the poet. The ancients hid secrets in their hearts, but the article vented them. "This ancient man was too generous, and he stretched out his hand repeatedly, but he couldn't do it. "The husband guides the spirit, but what is the text? Hesitate to touch the volume and give it by feeling. " The poet is also filled with indignation, and he doesn't spit. He never forgets the past, and the teacher of the future wrote with passion: "consulting a large number of people is the only spirit!" My mind is full of the name of hiding photos and catching three or five. Or enjoy yourself, or benefit for life. The arrogance of diving and jumping is often proudly called love. " In an ideal society, there are ideal people and an ideal life. People can live in seclusion or help the poor, let nature take its course and be satisfied with their own hearts. However, in the ideal era, the ideal life disappears with the disappearance of ideal humanity, and is replaced by a society full of hypocrisy and jealousy. "Things drift, much transformed. Cutting fish with dense nets is scary and the macro system is shocking. Peter's wise move is to escape from Shandong and return to farming. Mountains have shadows and rivers have sounds. Looking at the Tang Dynasty and sighing through the ages, willing to be poor. The fountain is divided into long points, and beauty and evil each do their own thing. The original hundred lines are expensive, so don't be entertained. By destiny, I learned from the sage's suicide note. Loyalty and filial piety are given to relatives, and faithfulness is given to hometown. Push sincerity, lead the show, not correct. Ha ha! The same eliminates differences, and things are evil on it. Skillful people are fascinated, and straight people are illusory. Frankly speaking, if I didn't guess correctly, I would be ashamed of it. Although I am pregnant with Joan and embrace Lan, who is bright and clean? " The world goes with the flow and uglifies dissidents. If others are better than themselves, they will slander others. People with great vision are called confused, and those who love to speak frankly are called arrogant. Such a society full of disputes, regardless of black and white, is like a huge net, which makes people feel frightened, so those who have seen through all this have to resign and die and live in seclusion.

Next, the poet narrated the tragic experience that those virtuous and talented people didn't come to the right time or didn't last long even if they had an accidental opportunity, from which he saw some inevitability of personal fate. "Alas, the misfortune of scholars is no longer in Wei Xiao in Yan Di's world. Only self-improvement, or three provinces or waste. When you are virtuous and timely, it is not good for you when it comes. Without talking about life, I read the end of Zhang Ji. Feng Suao is in Langbu, and Wei Shou is in charge. Although it is natural to know, it is also painstaking and platitudes. There is no tiger in the city of Shenfu, and the dedication of Sanfu is dazzling. Mourning the beauty of Jiafu is far from publicizing the world. Sorry for Dong Xiang's depth, he saved the day many times. I feel that philosophers have no spouse, and tears spill over the waves. Thanks to Wang Zhiqing's teaching, he said that heaven has no relatives. Clear as a mirror, constantly helping kindness. Yi spent his later years in hunger and died in youth and poverty. If you are injured, please prepare a car. If you are sad, you will die. Although you are eager to learn righteousness, why bother to die and live! If you doubt repaying kindness, what you are afraid of is empty talk. He has no talent and no way out in this world. The generosity of the ancient Egyptians did not stand up to the strange name of the disease. It is rewarding to make a fortune by relying on politics in Wan. Qu Xiong's ambition is to stand upright, but he is not acclimatized! Leave honesty behind and touch everyone's tears. Business rules are used to save disadvantages, and the words begin smoothly and enter. Xi Chen Liang's easy tendency is urgent! "

The poet realized from the experience and personal experience of the literati in the past dynasties that the unfashionable heart, the collapse of faith, the decline of morality and the desire to cross the river are the fundamental reasons why loyal people cannot tolerate the world and the world. Although he can't rise to the height of theory like a politician and historian, and explain the root of all this from the perspective of economic foundation and social system, he stands on the height of life and humanity, revealing the dark side that existed before human society entered the ideal realm of "great harmony" or "* * * productism", revealing the endless ghosts in people's hearts, the uneven undercurrent in people's hearts, and the tragedy that life is doomed to cycle. "CangHaoYuan in Myanmar, people without me, sentient beings without knowledge. Better be poor than tired of yourself. Since the porch is disgraceful, why should we be ashamed of taking off our robes? Honesty and absurdity accept each other's mistakes and are willing to correct them. Holding a lonely heart until the age of two, the price of Xie Liang is in the market. " With the poet's frank nature, it is impossible for him to be comfortable in the world! I can only stick to my own truth, spend more than a year in my poems and resolutely not sell myself to the market at a high price.

Fu for Love Scholars is the poet's comprehensive reflection on the unfortunate fate of himself and the literati of past dynasties, and the concentrated expression of his various feelings and understandings in many previous works, so it is strong and profound, and his thoughts and feelings have reached a new height. It not only infects people's emotions and makes them excited, but also makes them know and hide their thoughts for a long time.

Uneven resentment and glaring at King Kong are the remarkable characteristics of the poet's works in this period, which is refreshing. This style is also clearly reflected in 13, a seemingly idle book, Reading Shan Hai Jing. His first song, "Xia Meng's house is surrounded by long vegetation and trees." . Birds seem to be satisfied with their food. I love my thatched cottage. After farm work, I often come back to read my favorite books. The poor man crossed the abyss with a pale face and walked straight to the old car. Talking about picking my garden with spring wine. The drizzle blows from the east, accompanied by a fresh breeze. Pan-browse "Biography of Zhou Wang", flowing all over the mountains and seas. I am not happy to pitch to the end of the universe. The pen is calm and has a warm and quiet pastoral mood, and with the ninth "Ode to Kuafu": "Kuafu's birthday ambition is to stay with the day." . Everything goes to Yu Garden, if there is no victory or defeat. Wonderful power, nothing to pour into the river! The rest of the traces are sent to Deng Lin, and the merits are behind. "Performance of the" Ode to Jing Ke "in the" people are not, has been affectionate for thousands of years "heroic. The tenth song "Jingwei holds a micro-wood and will fill the sea; Xingtian dance, aiming at the constant. "Eulogize the indomitable spirit of Jingwei's reclamation and the fighting spirit of" taking the chest as the eye, the navel as the mouth, and dancing together "after Xingtian's beheading. It can be seen that Tao Yuanming is by no means a hermit like Bo Yi, Shu Qi, Chang Ju, Jie Drowning and He Weng, whom he repeatedly praises. He is not "quiet all over". Inner peace is his pursuit of trying to calm his inner anxiety, which reflects that the plain style in his poems is only a phenomenon after the tsunami. Therefore, Mr. Lu Xun said in Tao Yuanming's poem "On Untitled Grass Collection and Jiejieting II", "In addition to the' leisurely seeing Nanshan' praised by critics, there is also' jingwei holding a micro-wood, which will fill the sea; Dance well in the sky and stars, and the fierce ambition will always be' King Kong glaring' style. He added, "Tao Qian was great because he was not completely silent. '