in a sharp gale from the wide sky apes are whimpering, birds are flying homeward over the clear lake and white sand.
from the Tang Dynasty poet Du Fu's Ascending the Mountain
in a sharp gale from the wide sky apes are whimpering, birds are flying homeward over the clear lake and white sand.
leaves are dropping down like the spray of a waterfall, while I watch the long river always rolling on.
I have come three thousand miles away. Sad now with autumn, and with my hundred years of woe, I climb this height alone.
ill fortune has laid a bitter frost on my temples, heart-ache and weariness are a thick dust in my wine.
Appreciation
This poem was written by Du Fu when he was in Kuizhou in the second year of Dali (767). The bleak autumn is vividly written in the poet's pen, and the emotion aroused is even more touching. This is not only because of the natural autumn, but also because of the poet's strong emotional color about the autumn of life. The couplet is lifelike, which is a famous sentence handed down by later generations. The two sentences and fourteen words in the neck couplet contain multiple meanings, which describe the hardships of life and make people feel strong sympathy.
The ancients had the custom of climbing mountains on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month. This poem was written by the poet on the Double Ninth Festival in the second year of Tang Daizong Dali (767). At this time, Du Fu lived in Kuizhou (now fengjie county, Sichuan Province) on the banks of the Yangtze River, suffering from severe lung disease, and his life was very difficult. Through the description of the sad autumn scenery, the whole poem expresses the poet's sadness of being old and sick, feeling sad at the time and living in a foreign land.
the first four sentences of the poem describe the scenery of climbing high and seeing. The first couplet borrows six kinds of scenery, such as wind, sky, ape, bamboo, sand and bird, and is decorated with words such as urgency, height, sadness, clearness, whiteness and flying, indicating the festival sequence and environment, rendering a strong autumn feeling, and the scenery has distinct characteristics of Kuizhou area. These two sentences are not only a couplet of workers and workers, but also self-correct, such as "the sky is high" to "the wind is urgent" and "sand white" to "Zhu Qing". Strict syntax and tempered language have always been regarded as good sentences. Write the mountain before the couplet, and inherit the first sentence; Write water in the last sentence, and carry on the second sentence. Write mountains as a distant view and water as a bird's eye view. Say "rustling" when falling from the wood, and decorate it with "boundless", such as smelling the bleak autumn wind and seeing the defeated leaves; The Yangtze River says "rolling" and starts with the word "endless", such as the sound of rolling waves and the turbulent water potential. The two poems, whether describing the form or describing the momentum, are extremely vivid and vivid. From the bleak scenery and profound artistic conception, we can observe the poet's feeling and sad mood that his ambition is hard to pay. The last four sentences of the poem express the generosity of climbing high. On the neckline, there is a sentence about the worry of traveling. "Being a frequent guest" indicates the poet's wandering situation for many years; "Wan Li" shows that Kuizhou is very far away from home, which is to render the depth of sorrow from the distance; "Sad for autumn" is another seasonal contrast of sadness. The word "autumn" was brought out after the first two couplets were full of autumn meaning, and it should be in line with "ascending" season and climate. The next sentence is about loneliness. "A hundred years" means a lifetime; "More than a hundred years of illness", the late years are full of diseases, and the pain can be imagined; The word "independence" describes the loneliness of being unaccompanied; The word "on stage" is a clear point, and love is born of the scene. These two sentences are refined in meaning and extremely rich in meaning. They describe that they are far away from their hometown and have been wandering for a long time, but in their twilight years, they are sick and unaccompanied, and they can't help but climb alone in autumn. Wei Lian further wrote that the country is in danger, the official career is bumpy, and old age and sorrow lead to white hair and beard; Because of illness, I am new to abstinence, so although I have all kinds of melancholy, I can't get rid of it. As usual, the ancients used to drink alcohol when climbing on the Double Ninth Festival, but the poet even lost this joy. This couplet is divided into five or six sentences: "Difficulties" are caused by "frequent visits"; "Down and out" is even the result of "multiple diseases". The first half of the poem describes the scenery, and the second half is lyrical, each with its own intricacies in writing. The first couplet focuses on depicting the specific scenery in front of us, just like a painter's meticulous brushwork, in which shape, sound, color and state are expressed one by one. The second couplet focuses on rendering the whole autumn atmosphere, just like the painter's freehand brushwork, which should only be vivid and understandable, so that readers can supplement it with imagination. Sanlian expresses feelings, from the vertical (time) and horizontal (space) aspects, from wandering in a foreign land to the sick and disabled. The quadruple has changed from more white hair, protecting the sick and stopping drinking, which comes down to the fact that the hardships of the times are the root cause of poverty. In this way, Du Fu's sentiment when he was worried about the country and hurt the country was vividly on the paper.
all eight sentences in this poem are correct. At first glance, the beginning and the end seem to be "not right", and the chest and abdomen seem to be "not right". After careful appreciation, "every sentence in one article is regular, and every word in one sentence is regular". It is no wonder that Hu Yinglin has a high reputation as a "pioneering work". In Qing Dynasty, Yang Lun praised this poem as "the first of Du Ji's seven-character poems" (Du Shi Jing Quan), and Hu Yinglin, a Ming Dynasty, even said this poem. ("Poetry")