Charming Ye Li crown
Ye Li (-AD 784) was born in Wucheng, Zhejiang (now Xing Wu, Zhejiang) in the middle and early Tang Dynasty, and was a female Taoist. She was a famous poetess in the middle Tang Dynasty.
Like many famous poets, Ji Lan also belongs to the category of "weak age and early wisdom". According to the Chronicle of Tang Poetry, when she was five or six years old, she was able to export a poem and taste the poem Ode to a Rose: "I didn't stand up when I passed by, but my mood was chaotic." "Racing" and "getting married" are homophonic, so her father predicted that she would be an "unfaithful woman". Although this so-called "poetic prophecy" story is suspected of being invented by later generations, Ji Lan's life path is indeed uneven, and she is indeed a romantic heroine. In the Tang Dynasty, it was quite popular for women to enter the Taoist temple. Those female crowns with "broken crowns, red cheeks and long eyebrows" often lived an unrestrained romantic life in the name of monasticism, and those who indulged in it were first-class prostitutes. Ji Lan is beautiful and elegant. She is good at playing the piano and writing calligraphy, especially for her agile poems. Therefore, at that time, all the scholars were fooling around with him, and an affair was inevitable. Gao Zhongwu's "Zhongxing Qiji" once recorded such an anecdote:
(Ji Lan) I tried Kaiyuan Temple in Wucheng with all the sages. Liu Changqing in Hejian got a serious illness, which was the day he disappeared: "The atmosphere on the mountain is getting better and better every day." Evergreen said to Japan, "All birds like to raise them." Let the seat laugh and the commentator kill two birds with one stone.
"Yin serious illness" refers to the disease of qi. Most women say nothing about this male disease, let alone make fun of others. Ji Lan openly teased Evergreen with this topic, and Evergreen actually repaid it with the same teasing and laughter. It can be seen that the relationship between Ji Lan and Evergreen is extraordinary. However, they are different from the laity in the alley after all. Even if they tease and flirt, they still quote classics, poems and songs. These two sentences are used in Tao Yuanming's Twenty Drinks (the fifth) and Reading the Classics of Mountains and Seas (the first). Both sides use it skillfully, which can really be called "suit both refined and popular tastes", showing their extraordinary talents. Therefore, they will win "the best of both worlds".
Ye Li is a female crown and romantic by nature. She is good at making elegant jokes, playing the piano, and especially at meter. He was in close contact with famous poets Liu Changqing, Lu Yu (Hung-chien) and Shi Jiao Ran. He also made out with celebrities such as Zhu Fang, Han Yi, Yan Bojun and Xiao Shuzi. Become a social celebrity for a while. In his later years, he was called into the palace. In 784 AD, he was beaten to death by Tang Dezong, because he was a rebel of poetry. It's a pity that a generation of celebrities ended up in such a tragic end.
Ye Li's poems are good at five words, and he won an award for his works. Li Jilan's poems should be the best among the female poets in the Tang Dynasty. One of her poems puts the relationship between husband and wife to the core: "From the nearest to the farthest, from the deepest to the shallow stream. By tomorrow, the closest relatives are husband and wife. " There is also a poem "Acacia", which gives the suffering of human acacia: "The depth of the sea is not half as deep as that of acacia, the sea is still limited, and acacia is boundless. Lifting the piano to a tall building, the building is full of empty moonlight, playing acacia music, and the string is broken for a while. "
Chen, a poet in Song Dynasty, recorded a volume of "Li Jilan Collection" in "Jie Zhi Zhai Problem", which has been lost today, with only 16 poems left. Liu Changqing appreciated Ye Li's poems very much and called her "a poetess among girls". Gao Zhongwu commented: "There are hundreds of scholars, but women are only four virtues. Ji Lan is not. The modeling is feminine and poetic. From Bao Zhao, it is rare. " She is also said to be "lacking in high-class ladies (Jieyu) and more vulgar than Han Ying (Lan Ying). Not late, but also handsome. "
(2) Romantic Girls' School Book Xue Tao
Xue Tao left the most anecdotes, and Xue Tao left the most relics.
The records of Xue Tao's life in the history books are fragmentary and brief, and we can draw the following simple conclusions: Xue Tao, a native of Chang 'an (Jin 'an), her father Xue Yun, a famous poet in the middle Tang Dynasty, were three outstanding female champions. As an outstanding representative of the female crown poet, Xue Taoshan is good at singing and dancing, with excellent poetry and prose. He once wrote poems with crimson pen and was known as "Xue". Xue Tao's "year of birth and death" is controversial in academic circles. Most people think that he was born in the fifth year of Dali (AD 770) and died in the sixth year of Daiwa (AD 832) at the age of 63.
History: Xue Taomei was born in Minhui. At the age of 8, he can write poetry, understand melody and be versatile. When I was a child, I settled in Chengdu with my father, Xue Yun, who was a little famous. After his father died, he fell into chaos. /kloc-When he was 0/6 years old, Wei Gao came to Shu, called him to write poems and drink, and then went to Le Shu. Later, Yuan Zi, Liu E, Gao Chongwen, Wu, Li, Duan Wenchang, Du, Guo Zhao, Li Deyu, etc. came to Shuzhong successively, and they all went in and out of the shogunate as geisha and public guests. Wei Gao once proposed to ask the court to grant him the title of minister and provincial school bookkeeper. Although it is an old example, it has not been realized, but people often call it a "girls' school book." This is the reason why later generations called "Song Ji" a "proofreading book". After taking off music, she never married, settled in Huanhuaxi, dressed as a Taoist in her later years and lived a quiet life. Xue Tao's deeds can be found in Chronicle of Tang Poetry and Biography of Talented Persons in Tang Dynasty.
Xue Tao and famous poets at that time, such as Yuan Zhen, Bai Juyi, Zhang Ji, Wang Jian, Liu Yuxi, Du Mu, Zhang Hu, etc. There have been paid exchanges. From this list, we can know the weight of Xue Tao in the literary world at that time. Wang Jianyou's poem "Send a Book to Shu Xue Tao School" says: "Wan Li Bridge Girls' School books, loquat flowers collect. It's better to lead the spring breeze than to sweep your eyebrows. "The evaluation is extremely high. Living in Huanhuaxi, he made his own small pink stationery to write poems. Later generations copied it and called it "Xue".
Xue Tao's poems are famous for their beauty, such as seeing friends off and writing about Zhulang Temple. At the same time, some works pay attention to reality with profound thoughts. It is rare among ancient female poets. She has been to Songzhou, which is close to Tubo. There is a poem called "I am pregnant with Wei Linggong when I am sent to the border". The first poem said: "I heard that the border town is suffering, but now I don't know." I have no face to sing under the door and sing with the faucet. " I deeply sympathize with the hard life of border guards. Yang Shen, a scholar and poet in the Ming Dynasty, said that this poem "contains irony but does not reveal it, which makes the poet beautiful" (Poem of Sheng 'an). The catalogue of Sikuquanshu also thinks that her Bian Bian Lou has far-reaching influence and is beyond the reach of ordinary skirts. Xue Tao is the author of five volumes of Jinjiang Collection. "The Whole Tang Poetry" recorded a volume of his poems. Zhang Pengzhou, a close friend, has poems by Xue Tao.
Xue Taogong's calligraphy is not feminine, and the beauty of running script won the charm of Wang Xizhi, which was highly valued by people at that time, but unfortunately it did not spread. On talent and character, Xue Tao is the first female poet in Tang Dynasty. People in Shu called Xue Tao, Zhuo Wenjun, Mrs. Hua Rui and Huang Li "four talented women in Shu".
③ Yan Zhi Zhang is higher than Xuan Ji.
Liu, a close friend, said in the inscription of "Yu Ji" that there were as many as 2 1 first literati poem after he saw a Song version of "Yu Ji" collected. "The seller insists that it is not easy to buy it for 1000 yuan, so he can't ask the price." It may be surprising-why is the collection of Yu in the Song Dynasty worth thousands of dollars? This will start with Yu's life story. Xin, a writer in the Yuan Dynasty, wrote in the Biography of Tang Caizi: "The ladies-in-waiting in the capital are only sent by chanting. The mystery is outstanding and more rewarding. " It can be seen that female Taoist priests in Beijing are good at writing poems and belong to this group. I may be the poetess who left the most poems in the Tang Dynasty, with as many as 50 poems.
Yu, whose name is Huilan, was born in the fourth year of Tang Huichang (844) and was born in Hudu, Chang 'an (Jin 'an). Tang Huangfu Mei's Sanshui Xiaoxi contains: "Yu, a Taoist priest in Xijing, has a young word and his daughter Chang 'an. "Because the Tang Dynasty empire was an empire of poetry, it can be said that everyone can recite poems and write poems, so the girl from this civilian family also began to dream of being a poet." Sanshui Xiaoxi said that she was "fascinated by color, thinking, reading, and especially paying tribute to a poem. "There are epigrams in Yu's poems, which are often novel. Some poems about women's mentality written by her are bold, straightforward, provocative and vivid enough to make "ordinary people" tempted and "gentlemen" dumbfounded. His deeds are not official history, and the materials are scattered in Yuan Xin's Biography of Talented Persons in Tang Dynasty, Huangfumei's Sanshui in late Tang Dynasty and Sun Guangxian's North Dream Story in Song Dynasty.
Judging from the above accounts and poems left by Yu, Yu received a good education when he was young, but his family background was not high. When I was about ten years old, I met the famous poet Wen, and I kept in touch with him for a long time, and my poems were rewarded. According to Volume 844 of Biography of Yu, a Talented Scholar in Tang Dynasty, Yu Yue 15 years old married Wen Tingyun. She loved Lucy li deeply and lived a free and peaceful life in Jinshui, Shanxi (now southwest of Taiyuan, Shanxi). Lucy li also "loves her" after "the lady is jealous and can't stand it". In the autumn of the second year of Xian Tong (86 1), 17-year-old Yu Youwei decided to travel east to find relatives, but he couldn't find relatives, so he returned to Chang 'an the next year and stayed with a friend. In the seventh year of Xian Tong (866), 22-year-old Yu Youwei officially became a monk in Chang 'an and changed his name to Yu. Although I hold a grudge against him, I am still infatuated. Many of her poems are sent to Lucy li. There is a poem called "Love Letter to Li Zian", which reflects her dependence on Lucy li:
It's useless to drink ice and eat tillers, but turn off the pot in your dream.
Qin Jing wants to divide his sorrow into magpies, but Shunqin will make trouble with Hong Fei.
The leaves of tung trees near the well sing autumn rain, and the silver lamp under the window is dark and windy.
Where can I ask for a letter? Holding a pole makes the sky clear.
It was a wonderful time, and Yu and I traveled together in Huguan (now southeast of Changzhi City, Shanxi Province) and Jinshui. It's hard to remember that dream. I resigned and returned to Beijing, but I was still infatuated with him and had many contacts. Xian Tong nine years (868), at the age of 24. Because she was jealous of her maid, Lu Qiao, who had an affair with Lucy li, she insisted on killing and was arrested and imprisoned. She wrote Work in Prison. He was sentenced to death, and later he was run around by Wen and others. After he was released from prison, he changed his name to Youxian or Yu. Therefore, some people think that they have been killed. But since then, poems have appeared, indicating that he is not dead. The story after that is not obvious.
Yu's "You Gong Yun, Complex" (Biography of Talented Persons and Biography of Yu in Tang Dynasty). As a female Taoist, she calmly expressed her lost feelings with singing. Most of Yu's poems are replies from friends, and most of her friends are romantic celebrities. Besides her lifelong friend Wen and her nominal husband, there are also famous poets such as Li Yi. Xian Yi's scenery has become a romantic and elegant place for a while, and there is no essential difference between a female crown and a geisha in the Tang Dynasty. After becoming a female Taoist, she is really arrogant in Chang' an.
The most famous poem is "It is easy to find priceless treasure, but difficult to have a lover". Just like her, frank, provocative and detached. She, Xue Tao, Liu Caichun and Ye Li were called "the four great poetesss in the Tang Dynasty" by the busybodies. He is the author of a volume of Yu Poetry.
Yan Ge is from Liu Caichun.
Liu Caichun, whose date of birth and death is unknown (author's note: about fifteen years younger than Xue Tao), was a Jiangnan female artist in the middle Tang Dynasty. Huai 'an (now Huai 'an, Huaiyin, Jiangsu) people, Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang) people. She is good at joining the army and singing.
The script of joining the army is a humorous drama, and the actors are all men. Liu Caichun seldom plays the part of joining the army with a woman. At the same time, she broke the old form of joining the army drama and joined the performance with singing. It is said that her voice is euphemistic and moving, and her voice is very high, with a lingering sound. More importantly, there is an actress family in Liu Caichun. Her husband Zhou Jichong, her husband's brother Zhou Jinan and her daughter Zhou Dehua are all professional actresses. Together, they formed a family troupe, which was very famous in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and became an influential female artist at that time, and was deeply influenced by Yuan Zhen (820-829), then the secretariat of Yuezhou and an observer of eastern Zhejiang. Yuan Zhen's poem "To Liu Caichun" says that she can "sing" Wang Fusong when choosing words. Wang Fugue, that is, Ai Ya, recorded six complete Tang poems. "I don't like the Qinhuai River, but I hate it when I get on the boat. I have been bringing my son and husband for several years. " "Don't be a businessman's wife, gold hairpin is money. Looking into the mouth of the sea, I mistook several ships. " It is one of the famous sentences.
Liu Caichun was a "pop singer" who was popular in Jiangnan at that time. In wuyue at that time, as long as Liu Caichun's "Elegance" sounded, "women in the boudoir and pedestrians all burst into tears". The so-called "joining the army" is a popular cross talk performance in the Tang Dynasty, which is somewhat similar to today's cross talk. At first, two people were partners, one was teasing the other, just like jokes and jokes in cross talk. Later, it developed into a multi-person performance, and actresses joined in. Liu Caichun sings very well. It is said that she "sings like a cloud".
It is not clear whether "Elegy" is a folk song written by Liu Caichun himself or a cover. According to the relevant data, there are as many as 120 Mourning Poems by Liu Caichun, and what we are seeing now are six of the Poems of the Whole Tang Dynasty. Therefore, strictly speaking, Liu Caichun is just a pop singer, and it is a little behind to be included in the "Four Great Poets".