"Two Poems on History"
Era: Song Dynasty Author: Zeng Gong
Zhong Ni was a traveler, and Wu Chu occupied the south.
I don’t know who is noble or inferior after a thousand years.
Analysis on the Song Dynasty’s poems about chanting history and remembering the past:
(1), chanting history and remembering the past is also an important content in Song poems. Wang Anshi's "Fragrance of Guizhi" (visited here) laments the rise and fall of the Six Dynasties, and turns to worries about reality. Su Shi expressed his feelings about life by chanting about Zhou Yu in "Niannujiao and Nostalgia in Chibi". He Zhu's "Nearly Wine" (Chengxia Road) satirizes those who seek fame and wealth, and expresses their feelings. Zhou Bangyan's "Nostalgia of Xihe Jinling" contains a strong sense of historical vicissitudes, and he is good at using previous poems in his writing. In the hundreds of years of the Northern Song Dynasty, although there were "Ming Fei Song", "Guizhixiang·Jinling Nostalgia" (Wang Anshi), "Nian Nujiao·Chibi Nostalgia" (Su Shi), "Inscribed on the Portrait of Li Su" (Huihong), "Quequae·Sheng Dang Dao" "Heroes" (Li Qingzhao) and other famous works, but the incisive insights and profound ridicule of Tang people's epic poems are rarely seen in more historical works.
(2) In the Southern Song Dynasty, most of the poems about history and nostalgia used the past to talk about the present, expressing the ambition of the Northern Expedition to fight against the Jin Dynasty, and the style was generous and tragic. For example, Xin Qiji's poems such as "Nanxiangzi - Dengjingkou Beiguting Pavilion is Nostalgic", "Yongyu Le - Jingkou Beiguting Pavilion Nostalgic", "Water Dragon Sings across Nanjian Shuangxi Bridge" and other poems perfectly combine history and lyricism. At the same time, Liu Guo's "Six States Getou" (Zhenzhang Huai) uses the rise and fall of Yangzhou to illustrate the crimes of Jin Bing and the partial peace thoughts of the rulers of the Southern Song Dynasty. The era when Lu You and Xin Qiji lived was when the confrontation between the Song Dynasty and the Jin Dynasty was at its most intense. The Northern Song Dynasty was not long after its fall, and the pain was still there. The Southern Song Dynasty still wanted to regain its lost territory. On this occasion, Xin and Lu climbed high and approached the distance, and their works that recalled the past and inspired the present came into being. Among them, "Shuilongyin·Dengjiankang Shangxin Pavilion", "Niannujiao·I Come to Visit the Ancients", "Yongyu Le·· "Nostalgia for the Past in Guting, Beigu Pavilion, Jingkou" (Xin Qiji), "Reading History", "The Residence of Mr. Diao Shaoling in Longxing Temple", "Entering Zhaitang to Climb Baidi Temple", "Visiting Zhuge Wuhou's Book Table" (Lu You), etc., are all popular A masterpiece of history.
Before and after the fall of the Southern Song Dynasty, there was another shock wave in the epic poetry world. Wang Yuanliang, Wen Tianxiang, Liu Chenweng, Zhang Yan and others either tried their best to turn the tide from the collapse, or faced the broken mountains and rivers, Aliens run rampant but silently shed the tears of the remaining people. Although their works of chanting history are not without the indignation of unrealized ambitions, they are more filled with sadness and helplessness of the destruction of the country and the loss of the family, adding a cold and sad light to Chinese poems of chanting history and nostalgia for the past.