Formally speaking, words are more subtle, delicate, tortuous and changeable than poems! The source of China's poetry, The Book of Songs, is mostly four words and one sentence, which is the product of the combination of China's writing characteristics and human physiology. It is the simplest but full of rhythmic beauty! Influenced by foreign music and Yuefu poems, five-character poems appeared in Han Dynasty! Five-character poems are combined with the genre of Chu Ci to form seven-character poems. However, there is always a requirement for poetry to be flat and even, and the five words are generally in the rhythm of "two or three", "I woke up briskly on this morning in spring, and birds were singing everywhere"; Seven-character poems are generally the rhythm of "four three" or "two two three", and "there are people in the depths of white clouds". Moreover, this word also has an individual name "long and short sentences", which are uneven and uneven in length, so it is more flexible to express friendship!
There are two points to note here. First, there are also long and short sentences in some poems, such as Shang Yang in Han Yuefu, Shu Dao Nan and Jiang written by Li Bai, which are essentially different from Ci because they are absolutely free and inflexible. Words are lyrics originally filled with musical tunes, which are generally limited by epigrams or qupai. The number of words in the specified position and the smooth rhyme of words are clearly defined. In this sense, writing is not completely free! Secondly, there are also long and short sentences in the words, such as "Jade House Spring". Ouyang Xiu's Snow Clouds Suddenly Change into Spring Clouds, but its plainness is completely different from metrical poems. Compared with the standard pauses in five-character poems "Ersan" and seven-character poems "43" or "223", the pauses in words are flexible and changeable, such as five-character poems and "Ersan".
Words are not as broad as poetry, "poetry can't do its best." Ci mostly describes the separation of love and lovesickness between men and women by describing scenery. In order to match the intricate occasions and the elegant manners of singers, they are generally soft and delicate; However, the content of poetry is all-encompassing, and such famous works as Du Fu's "From Beijing to Fengxian, reciting 500 words" are even more impressive. At this point, due to space constraints, writing is impossible!
But "the meaning of the word is long" is memorable! Because the creation of ci is a subconscious activity, it leaves us a broad space for full association and imagination!
? In the 1960s, when new criticism prevailed in the West, modernist poets and some poetry theorists, such as Eliot and Wilmsett, once put forward the fallacy of the author's original intention, and thought that it was biased to pay attention to the work itself, such as its structure, organizational texture and image, when evaluating the artistic value of literary works. "I write my heart by hand", and the evaluation of a work should be fully combined with the author's background, thoughts and life!
? When Teacher Ye tells an image in a word, she will draw the possible different meanings of the image, and then objectively analyze which one should be here. Quoting poems to prove poems is also Mr. Ye's specialty. For example, there are many interpretations of "mountain" in Bodhisattva Man. "Mountains stacked with gold", including the modern decoration of "inserting combs" ... This explanation not only makes it easier for readers to identify some symbols in China's poetry tradition, but also helps readers to grasp the inheritance of China's poetry and language through analogy.
Here Mr. Ye mentioned western semiotics. They believe that language and writing are symbols, and symbols sometimes represent rational cognitive meaning and sometimes represent specific sensory impressions, such as "hills" in "Hills Overlap and Gold Disappear". If the general cognitive meaning should refer to the mountains of the external natural scenery, then here should be the sensory impression, that is, the concrete image of "the sun shines on the golden mother-of-pearl on the winding bedside screen"! Specific judgments need to be paid attention to: first, combining the cultural background at that time; second, there can be multiple directions, and there can be no contradictions and conflicts at the same time! For example, is the "mandarin duck brocade" in "water curtain full of pillows, warm fragrance arouses dreams, mandarin duck brocade" a brocade blanket or a brocade mattress? Don't delve into it, but we can be together!