1. Multiple choice questions (2 points for each question, * * 50 points, please fill in the correct options on the answer sheet after the question. )
1, the following does not belong to the biological is ()
A, mushroom B, cold virus C, computer D, paramecium
2. When touching the mimosa, the unfolded leaves will close, which shows that the living things have the following characteristics? ( )
A, can respond to stimuli; B, can carry out photosynthesis c, can produce movement; D, can breathe
3. The thickness of subcutaneous fat of seals living in cold areas can reach 60mm, which is: ()
A, the impact of seals on the environment B, seals in order to catch more food C, seals in order to adapt to the environment; D. seals resist the enemy.
4, the following belongs to the ecosystem is ()
A, all creatures in a farmland b, trees in a forest c, all creatures in the biosphere d, a pond.
5, the largest ecosystem on earth is ()
A, Biosphere B, Forest Ecosystem C, Grassland Ecosystem D, Marine Ecosystem
6. Su Shi, a poet in the Song Dynasty, wrote in "The Night Scene of the Spring River in Hui Chong": "Peach blossoms outside the bamboo are three or two, and the duck prophet on the spring river." So, what kind of abiotic factors does this poem describe that affect the life of ducks?
A, light b, temperature c, water d, air
7. In animal experiments, it is not easy to set up the control group correctly. For example, it is difficult to select 20 completely similar animals and divide them into control group and experimental group. So, in this kind of experiment, which of the following methods do you think is the most reasonable?
A. Choose two similar animals from 20 animals, one as the experimental group and the other as the control group.
B, these 20 animals were randomly divided into two groups, each group was 10, one group was the experimental group and the other group was the control group.
C, divide these 20 animals into 10 pairs, each pair is almost the same, one in the experimental group and the other in the control group.
D, 20 animals were put into a group, and were treated by experiment first, and then restored to their original state for observation.
8, in the cells with vigorous life activities, can flow slowly is ().
A, cell fluid B, nucleus C, cytoplasm D, cell wall
9. The following statement about the relationship between chromosomes, DNA and genes is incorrect ().
A, DNA is mainly on chromosome b, and genes are on DNA molecules.
C a chromosome has many DNA molecules d and a DNA molecule has many genes.
10, the energy converter existing in animal cells and plant cells is ().
A, nucleus B, vacuole C, leaf green D, mitochondria
1 1. Observe the epidermal tissue of the same onion with the lens combination of the following microscope, and the one with the largest number of cells is ().
a、5×、 10× B、 10×、 10× C、 16×、40× D、 10×、40×
12, in the production of human oral epithelial cells, to use 0.9% saline, its role is ().
A, keep cell shape b, disinfect c, kill cell d and avoid cell death.
13, tomatoes with damaged skin will rot quickly, which shows that the skin is ()
A, mechanical tissue B, protective tissue C, meristem D and vegetative tissue
14, the following statement about virus is incorrect ()
A, viruses can't live independently; b, viruses live parasitically; c, viruses have cell walls; and viruses can only be observed by an electron microscope.
15, 90% of the oxygen on the earth is provided by which of the following plants ()
A, algae B, bryophytes C, ferns D, seed plants
16, we eat peanut oil, mainly peanut seeds ().
A, seed coat B, embryo C, cotyledon D, endosperm
17, compared with peach trees, the main difference of pine trees is ().
A, there is seed B in the fruit, but there is no peel, and the seeds are exposed.
C, the ovule is protected by the ovary wall; D, cone is the fruit whose seed is covered by peel.
18, the reason why ripe soybean seeds can't germinate under the conditions of suitable temperature, sufficient water and sufficient air is ()
A, incomplete seeds B, dormant C, embryo death D, no nutrients for embryo development.
19, which part of the structure in the flower is eaten by insects will definitely lead to the failure of the flower to develop ().
Petals b, ovaries c, stamens d, anthers
20. Insert the lower ends of poplar branches with leaves into red ink and cut the branches longitudinally for a period of time. The red part of the stem is ().
A, screen B, conduit C, arc layer D and all rods
2 1, it is () that controls the opening and closing of stomata and regulates water transpiration in plants.
A, epidermal cells B, mesophyll cells C, guard cells D and vein cells
22, plants in the following activities, affected by stomatal opening and closing is
① Absorption and transport of water ② Transport of inorganic salts ③ Photosynthesis ④ Respiration ⑤ Transpiration.
a、①②④⑤ B、⑤③④⑤ C、①②③④ D、①②③④⑤
23, at night, vegetable farmers appropriately reduce the temperature in the vegetable greenhouse, the main purpose is ().
A, lowering the temperature can reduce bacterial diseases. B, the temperature is low, the respiratory function is weakened, and the organic matter consumption is less.
C, low temperature, transpiration decreases, water loss decreases D, low temperature, photosynthesis increases, and organic matter accumulates more.
24. "The grass is reluctant, why not put up with it?" These tips are set to remind people not to trample on the lawn, because walking on the lawn often will cause soil hardening and affect the growth of grass. The main reason why soil hardening affects plant growth is ()
A. Plants lack inorganic salts, which affects their growth. B, plants lack water, which affects photosynthesis.
C, soil hypoxia affects root respiration D, stomatal closure and transpiration.
25. If the main vein of one leaf of a plant is cut off (A on the right), the other leaf is pasted with opaque tin foil paper on both sides (B on the right), left in the dark for 24 hours, and then illuminated for 4 hours. Decolorize two leaves and treat them with iodine solution. It is found that part A is brown, part B is blue-black, and part C is not blue-black. The above experiments can prove the need of photosynthesis.
A, water and carbon dioxide b, chlorophyll and sunlight
C, water and sunshine D, water and chlorophyll
Answer paper
1 2 3 4 5 6 9 10 1 1 12 13
14 15 16 17 18 19 20 2 1 22 23 24 25
Second, understanding and application (* * * 40 points)
26. The picture on the right shows some creatures in a grassland ecosystem. Please answer the following questions according to the pictures: (9 points)
(1) To form a complete ecosystem, in addition to the creatures shown in the picture, harmony is an indispensable component. (2 points).
(2) Please write the longest biological chain in the picture. (2 points)
(3) In this ecosystem, the relationship between eagle and rabbit is, and the relationship between insect and rabbit is. (2 points)
(4) If a large number of insects kill birds and reduce the number of insect-eating birds, the number of insects will decrease. ( 1)
(5) Among plants, insect-eating birds and insects, the largest number is. If plants are sprayed with pesticides, the pesticide content in their bodies is the highest among the three. (2 points)
27. The following figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of plant cells and animal cells. Answer the following questions according to the diagram: (8 points)
(1) The graph belongs to plant cells, the graph belongs to animal cells, and B is the main function of the graph. (4 points)
(2) The structure of animal and plant cells is. (Fill in the letter code, 2 points)
(3) The name of the structure E in the figure is where it is carried out. (2 points)
28. A student of a biology interest group did an experiment of "Exploring the environmental conditions of corn seed germination": put the same amount of cotton in four beakers A, B, C and D, then put the same amount of corn seeds on them and cultivate them under different conditions. After a few days, the germination was recorded as follows. Please answer the following questions according to the form: (13 points)
equipment
The environment in which the seeds are located
experimental result
first
Dry cotton, put it in a cupboard at 25℃
Seeds do not germinate.
second
Wet cotton, put in a cupboard at 25℃
germination
The third/third in ten days' work
Wet cotton, put in the freezer (4℃)
Seeds do not germinate.
man
Cotton and seeds are completely immersed in water and put in a cabinet at 25℃
Seeds do not germinate.
(1) According to this experiment, it is environmental conditions that affect seed germination. (3 points)
(2) Device B plays a role in this experiment; In order to prove that "temperature is the environmental condition that affects seed germination", the optional device is as follows
And ... (3 points)
(3) If you want to explore "the influence of light on corn seed germination", how do you think to design the experiment?
. (3 points)
(4) When transplanting corn seedlings, you should bring clods. What is this for? . ( 1)
(5) In order to ensure the survival rate, it is often transplanted on cloudy days or in the evening. Why? . ( 1)
(6) When breaking the ear of corn, it is often found that the ear of corn is short of grains, because the method can be avoided. (2 points)
29. Answer the following questions according to the information given: (10)
/kloc-in the 7th century, Belgian scientist Helmont made an experiment. He planted a 2.5 kg willow tree in a bucket filled with 90 kg of soil and watered it only with rain. Five years later, the willow grew to 85 kg, but the weight of the soil was less than 100 g. Since water is the only substance added to the bucket, Helmont thinks that the substance that makes the willow grow is water.
(1) In this experiment, the weight of soil decreased mainly due to. ( 1)
(2) Helmont thinks that the substance that promotes the growth of willow is water. What other external factors do you think affect the growth of willow?
. (2 points)
(3) Some of the water absorbed by willows is synthesized by organic matter, and most of it is lost to the air. The significance of water loss to the air for plants themselves is. (4 points)
(4) Write the expression of synthetic organic matter. (3 points)
Iii. Inquiry thinking questions (10 score)
30. If you turn over the flowerpots or stones in the garden or courtyard, you will often see some small animals with slightly flat, rectangular, taupe or black bodies crawling. This is a mouse girl, also known as a tide bug. When you move a flowerpot or a stone, the mouse girl will quickly climb away. Why is this? Is it because the environment is getting brighter? A classmate explored this, please fill in the process of his exploration activities completely. Let me ask you a question: Will a female rat choose a dark environment?
(1) Make assumptions: (2 points)
(2) Make and implement the inquiry scheme: put a layer of wet soil in the iron plate, cover one side with opaque cardboard and the other side with transparent glass plate, put five rat wives in the center of each side of the iron plate, and observe their behavior. The variables in this experiment are. If you put 1 mouse in the center of both sides of the iron plate, can you draw an accurate conclusion? Why? (5 points)
(3) Analyze the results and draw the conclusion that the student repeated the above experiment five times, and the results are as follows:
environment
first time
second time
the third time
the fourth time
the fifth time
bright
Only 0
1
2
O only
2
dark
10 pieces
nine
eight
10 pieces
eight
What should be done with the above data in order to make the experimental conclusion more accurate? (2 points)
.
The experimental conclusion is that. ( 1)
Reference answer
I. Multiple choice questions
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 1 12 13
C A C D A B B C C D C A B
14 15 16 17 18 19 20 2 1 22 23 24 25
C A C B C B B C D B C C
Second, understanding and application
(1) Abiotic parts (or sunlight, air, moisture, temperature, etc. ), decomposer (or bacteria and fungi)
(2) Grass (or cereal) → Insect → Insect-eating bird → Eagle
(3) Predation and competition (no score in reverse order) (4) First increase and then decrease (5) Plants and insect-eating birds.
27. (1) A, b, cell wall, protection and support (2)B, c, d, (3) chloroplast, photosynthesis.
28.( 1) Appropriate temperature, certain humidity and sufficient air (2) Control B and C.
(3) Take beakerNo. 1 and beaker No.2 and put the same amount of wet cotton, then put the same amount of corn seeds on the cotton and put them on the cotton.
In a cabinet at 25℃ (1: 1: 00), cover the No.2 beaker with a black cloth (1: 00), and observe their germination after a few days. ( 1)
(4) prevent root hair from being damaged; (5) reduce transpiration; (6) insufficient pollination, artificial pollination.
29.( 1) Inorganic salts in soil were absorbed by willow.
(2) Light, carbon dioxide and temperature (at least 2).
(3) Photosynthesis and transpiration reduce the temperature of plants and promote the absorption and transportation of water and inorganic salts.
(4) Carbon dioxide+water+organic matter+oxygen
30.( 1) Rats and women will choose dark environment (or light will affect the distribution of rats and women).
(2) The number of female rats is too small, and the experimental results are accidental.
(3) Calculate the average value of rat wives in the light and dark environment in the five experimental results.
Rat girl likes to live in the dark.