1. Poems about cotton
1. Song at Four O'clock in the Midnight (Part 7 of "Summer Song") The silkworm business is over, but I still miss my wife.
In the summer, I will organize my wedding clothes and send them to travelers. "Yuefu Poetry Collection" contains 75 "Songs at Four O'clock in the Midnight", including 20 "Spring Songs", 20 "Summer Songs", 18 "Autumn Songs" and 17 "Winter Songs".
The song selected here is the seventh song in "Summer Song". This Yuefu folk song from the Southern Dynasties describes the miss of a missing woman for her husband who lives in a foreign land. It also euphemistically reflects the hard work and resentment of the missing woman.
This missing woman is obviously also a silk woman. She worked hard to raise silkworms and reel silk. As a result, "the work in the field of silkworms has been completed", but she has gained very little and "still suffers" . Who plundered the fruits of his labor is not stated explicitly in the poem, but it is not difficult for us to imagine that the plunderer must have been a wealthy man at that time and place.
Most of the fruits of the miss's labor were deprived of her, so she had to take the coarse Gebu herself and send the slightly finer Gebu to her husband who was living in a foreign land: "In the summer, I will prepare the clothes and send them to travelers." The language of the whole poem is concise, euphemistic and implicit, and the use of puns is naturally appropriate, which better reflects the artistic characteristics of Yuefu folk songs in the Southern Dynasties.
It is particularly worth mentioning that in the poem, Du Xunhe, a poet from the Tang Dynasty, "Every year I tell you how hard it is to work as a silkworm, and I am all dressed in ramie" ("Silkworm Woman") and Zhang Yu, a poet from the Song Dynasty, "Yesterday I entered The resentment and injustice of "The Silkworm Woman" ("Silkworm Woman") is not as straightforward as the latter.
2. Du Quge (Part 82) went to the shop to sell Sange, and the man came to buy more than ten feet. When the couple goes together with the husband, who will clear up the roughness? "Reading Songs", Guo Maoqian's "Collection of Yuefu Poems" (Volume 46) is included in "Qing Shang Qu Ci·Wu Sheng Songs", with a total of 89 songs, of which the 82nd is selected here.
This Southern Dynasty Yuefu folk song uses the self-confession of a cloth seller to euphemistically describe her deep love for her lover who came to buy cloth. The first two sentences of the narrative are the cloth seller's autobiography that she went to the shop to sell cloth, and her lover came to buy cloth, which is the lyrical version of the following.
"Lang" is often used by women to refer to their lovers in Yuefu folk songs of the Southern Dynasties, such as "Lang is taken by others, and it is not a matter of betraying him" ("Midnight Song" No. 42, No. 15) , "The man wants to pluck me when he sees me, and my heart wants to embrace the lotus" ("Songs at Four O'clock in the Midnight: Summer Song"), this song is also the same. In the narrative of the song, the woman's "going to the store" and "langlai" are mentioned together, "selling" and "buying" are used in opposition, and "three Ge" and "Zhang Yu" are compared, which is clear at a glance.
The last two sentences are lyrical, pun-intended, and euphemistic. Literally, these two sentences seem to be a continuation of the previous narrative in a rhetorical tone, writing that the cloth seller did not cut off Gebu because of his roughness, but let his lover take the "matched" Gebu away.
In fact, this is lyrical, a cloth seller euphemistically expressing her feelings to her lover: "Although your character is a bit careless, like this Gebu, I don't want to sever ties with you, just like It's like not cutting the Gebu, just letting you take it away whole. "The words are here but the meaning is there. It's worth chewing.
Reading this Yuefu folk song, we can know from "Dengdian" that cloth shops in the Southern Dynasties had higher counters; from "Sange" we know that weaving in the Southern Dynasties still uses kudzu as raw material; from this poem You can also get a glimpse of the unique way that women in that time and place expressed their feelings to their lovers, and enjoy the poetic beauty of "compliance". 3. Mulberry Picking (Part 5) When picking mulberries in the spring moon, everyone in the forest is enjoying themselves.
If you don’t raise more than a hundred silkworms, you will have to embroider them. This poem is about a man and a woman going to pick mulberry trees together.
The first two sentences describe a pair of lovers going to pick mulberries together. It was March in spring and the mulberry leaves were lush, but they did not bother to pick mulberries and enjoyed themselves in the forest, which was full of fun. These two sentences give people an immersive feeling, like seeing the other person's happy attitude, like hearing the person's laughter.
The last two sentences do not describe the scene of the mulberry pickers and the man enjoying each other in detail. Instead, they write about the mulberry picker girl speaking to her lover who is indulging in joy, using euphemistic language to remind him not to patronize. In order to be happy with each other, the business of picking mulberry was delayed. The use of ink in these two sentences is economical, and there is a big jump in plot development between the two sentences before. "The words are not connected but the meaning is connected."
This poem is quite unique in art. The whole poem combines the labor and love life of a young man and woman to describe it, with clever conception.
Although no characters are identified in the poem, "there is someone here, and they are ready to come out." The poetry is fresh and lively, and the lines are filled with a rich flavor of life.
Reading this poem, we can not only enjoy the beauty of art, but also vividly appreciate the customs of that time and place. About Bai Juyi's Three Textile Poems 1. Newly made cloth, Qiu Gui cloth, is as white as snow, and Wu is as soft as clouds.
The cloth is heavy, cotton and thick, and the fur has extra warmth. They sit together in the morning until dusk, and sleep at night until the morning.
Who would have thought that in the severe winter month, the branches would be as warm as spring. In the middle of the night, a thought suddenly occurred to me, and I stood up and fidgeted with my fur coat: "A husband is both valuable and helpful, how can he only be good at it?" Wanli fur, covered with fur on Thursday? Everyone is as stable and warm as me, and there is no cold person in the world.
This poem was probably written in the early years of Yuanhe. The whole poem is organized around the newly made cloth fur.
The first eight sentences, made from new cloth and ink, reflect the poet's affluent life and serve as a script for the following expression of his wishes.
The last eight sentences start from the newly made cloth Qiu Sheng, expressing the poet's emotion and expressing his desire to "benefit oneself and benefit others", which is similar to Du Fu's "Have a vast building with tens of millions of buildings, a great shelter for all the poor people in the world, and they will be as peaceful as a mountain even if the wind and rain do not move" .
Woohoo! I suddenly saw this house in front of my eyes, and it was enough to freeze to death alone." ("The Song of Thatched House Broken by the Autumn Wind") is in the same vein. Another poem by Bai Juyi, "The New Silk Coat Is a Sensation and a Song" also expresses similar sentiments: "The people are so cold that there is no way to save them, so what's the point of being alone in the warmth! In my heart, I miss the farmers and mulberry trees, and in my ears I feel like I am hungry and freezing.
Fight for the great fur and build the city of Luoyang with the king! "From this poem, we can understand Bai Juyi's thoughts and also know that cotton was planted in some places in our country during the middle Tang Dynasty. And made clothes out of cotton. The four lines of "Gui Bu" in the poem mainly describe the exquisite materials used in the new fur fur: one is osmanthus cloth as white as snow, the other is Wu cotton as soft as clouds, and the cloth is heavy and thick, so the metaphor is novel and appropriate.
The four sentences of "Chao Yong" follow "There is enough warmth for the fur" to describe in detail the warm performance of the newly made fur fur: In the cold days of Shujiu, the poet hugged it during the day and covered him with it at night, and his whole body was as warm as spring. . As early as more than a thousand years ago, our ancestors were able to use their hard-working hands to cut furs with such exquisite materials and good thermal insulation properties, which cannot but be admired.
2. Red Thread Blanket Red Thread Blanket, select cocoons to spin silk and boil it in water, select silk to practice thread red and blue dyeing. Dye it into red thread, which is redder than blue, and weave it into a blanket for the incense hall.
The Pixiang Hall is more than ten feet wide, and the red thread is woven into the hall pavilion. The colorful silk and velvet are fragrant, and the soft and soft flowers are innumerable.
The beauty comes to sing and dance, wearing stockings. 2. What are the poems about "cotton cloth"
1. The newly made silk jacket is full of feelings and chants
Bai Juyi of the Tang Dynasty
The water wave coat is made new, The silk is soft, warm and light.
It is better to sit facing the sun in the morning, and to walk in the snow in the evening.
The crane's cloak is sparse and has no real meaning, and the kapok has an untrue reputation.
The banquet often invades the night with sighs, and I lie down and sleep until dawn.
The common people are so cold that there is no way to save them, so what’s the point of being alone in the warmth?
My heart is filled with the pain of remembering the farmers and mulberry trees, and my ears feel like hearing the sound of hunger and cold.
Fight for the great Qiu, which is ten thousand feet long, and build the city of Luoyang with your capital?
2. Bamboo branches
Huangfu pine of Tang Dynasty
Partridges crow from the betel nut flowers, and the male flies in the mist and the female also flies.
The kapok branches are all hanging down, and thousands of flowers are waiting for my husband to return.
The hibiscus has two pedicles and one heart, and the flowers should penetrate the eyes of the cypress.
During the feast, the candles were red with tears, and the acacia peach stones were shared by both of them.
The wind in the Xiangjiang River stirs up transverse waves, splitting the lotus seeds with much painstaking effort.
There are peach blossoms on the top of the mountain and apricots on the bottom of the valley. The two beautiful flowers complement each other in the distance.
3. Li Weigong
Li Shangyin of the Tang Dynasty
The disciples of Jiangsha have no news, and the beauty of Luanjing is rare.
Today I go to the place of singing and dancing, where the kapok warms the flying partridges.
4. Four Poems from Yantai·Xia
Li Shangyin of the Tang Dynasty
The rain curtain in the front pavilion is not rolled up, but the fragrant trees in the back hall are shadowy.
The scenery in Shicheng is like a yellow spring, and the sky is empty in the middle of the night.
The silk fan calls to the wind and closes the sky, and the light green curtain waves swirl.
The soul of Shu is lonely and has no company, and the kapok flowers bloom in the miasma for a few nights.
The shadow of the Gui Palace is hard to come by, and the orchids are whispering softly.
Zhi taught Yin Han to fall into his arms and did not send Xing Fei to come and go.
How come the turbid water and clear waves have different origins? The water of Jihe River is clear and the Yellow River is muddy.
Ande's skirt is lifted up by the mist, and she holds the cloud in her hand and calls out to the emperor.
5. Golden Thread Song/Congratulations to the Bridegroom
Liu Chenweng of the Song Dynasty
The leaves dance with beads in the rain. The lake is connected to every mile, the red fragrance is ten miles away, and the painted rafters are in full bloom. Yesterday I dreamed that the sky was high and the yellow swans were flying high, how could they look down on the human world? But the ground moved and the tide sounded like a drum. The bamboo pavilion is green with green grass. I ask Kapok and Ji Ke whether their souls have returned. Pan weeping dew, the temple bell whispers. The dream is very similar to the pain of Lingjun. Neither sighing about traveling in the world nor traveling in the past is the same as the Ming Dynasty. The eyes are full of dissatisfaction and no one has talent, forgetting the sorrow of the king and hanging on to the past. Ren Zuili, Wuwulupi. The old man is in the Miao Mao Mausoleum, and he returns to Chu in the night. Picking green from the stream, standing there for a long time. 3. What are the poems describing "cloth"
1. When the cloth and the man go away, who will clear up the roughness? ——"Reading Songs (Part 82)"
2. If you can't raise more than a hundred silkworms, you will have to embroider them. ——"Sang-picking (Part 5)"
3. Wearing Luo Shang Yi, you can sort out the music at home. ——"Many Beauties from Yanzhao" by Anonymous Han Dynasty
4. The painted woven fans are always like clouds, and the fine grass is like mud clusters and butterfly skirts. ——"Bamboo Branch Poems" Huang Xintian
5. Wansha and the clear water, free and clear waves. ——"Ode to Zhuluo Mountain" by Li Bai
6. Why are the robes swaying? The light skirts are returned by the wind. ——"Beauty Chapter" Cao Zhi
7. The embroidered clothes shine in the late spring, and the golden peacock and silver unicorn frown. ——"Beauty's Journey Part 1" Du Fu
8. The new guest dismounts and the old guest goes away, the green cicada shows off her black hair and brushes her comb again. ——"Ye Lai Le" Li He
9. Exquisite tapestry and fragrant Buddha's hand, with a fan in hand to watch the river tide.
——"Peach Blossoms Are Left in the Cold" by Ming Anonymous
10. When the wind holds one sleeve low and faces each other, there should be brocade scales leaning against it. ——"The Proud Fisherman" Yan Shu
11. Wu Dao cuts ribbons and sews dance clothes, bright makeup and beautiful clothes capture the spring sunshine. ——"Ci of Bai Rami" by Li Bai
12. Lotus clothes and luxuriant belts come and go suddenly. ——"Nine Songs of Shao Siming" Qu Yuan
13. Beautiful light jewelry, lush brocade quilt. ——"Encounter" Chen Zi'ang
14. When the beauty steps out to sing and dance, her stockings and embroidered shoes disappear with her step. ——"Red Thread Carpet" Bai Juyi
15. Cui'e and Chanjuan are shining in the early moonlight, and the beauties are singing and dancing in their robes. ——"Reminiscent of the Old Travels and Send Qiao Junyuan to Join the Army" Li Bai 4. Poems describing freshness
Freshness, I think, is a state, which is related to the scenery described in the poem and more of the author's consciousness. Generally pastoral poems are relatively fresh and natural.
For example, Tao Yuanming's Five Poems on Returning to the Garden and Living in the Fields
One
He rarely has any vulgar charm, and his nature loves hills and mountains. I accidentally fell into the dust net and was gone for thirteen years.
The tame bird misses the old forest, and the fish in the pond miss the old abyss. Open up the wilderness in the south, and return to the garden with a humble heart.
The square house covers more than ten acres and has eight or nine thatched houses. The elms and willows shade the back eaves, and the peach and plum trees in front of the hall.
The distant village is warm and the smoke is lingering in the ruins. Dogs bark in the deep alleys, cocks crow in the mulberry trees.
The courtyard is clean of dust and clutter, and the empty room has plenty of leisure. After being in a cage for a long time, you can return to nature.
Part 2
There are few people and things in the wild, and there are few martingale in the back streets. In the daytime, the leaves are covered with thorns, and the empty room is empty of dust.
At that time, in the midst of the music in the ruins, people were walking around in grass. When we meet, there are no words, but the road is long.
The days of mulberry and maize have been long, and the days of my soil have been broad. I am often afraid of the arrival of frost, and the trees will be scattered like grass.
Part Three
At the foot of the southern mountain where beans are planted, there are few bean seedlings in the grass. I wake up in the morning to sort out the wasteland and filth, and return with a hoe in the moonlight.
The road is narrow and the grass and trees are long, and the evening dew touches my clothes. It's not enough to regret the stain on your clothes, but your wishes are fulfilled.
Part 4
Go to the mountains and swamps for a long time and enjoy the wilderness in the wild forests. Try taking your children and nephews with you and walking in the deserted ruins.
Wandering among the hills and mountains, people still live there. There are remains of well stoves and decaying mulberry and bamboo trees.
I would like to ask those who collect firewood, what are these people like? The salaryman said to me: "There will be no survivors after death."
"A lifetime is like a city in a different dynasty", this saying is true! Life seems to be an illusion, and it will eventually become nothing.
Part 5
Returning from regret and hatred alone, through the rugged journey. The mountain stream is clear and shallow, and I can wash my feet when I encounter it.
I drink my new wine, and the two chickens bring me closer. When the sun enters the room, it is dark, and the thorn bushes replace the bright candles. 5. What are the poems that describe "cloth"?
When the cloth and the man go away, who can solve the roughness? ——"Duquge (Part 82)" If you can't raise more than 100 silkworms, you will have to embroider them.
——"Sang Du Du (Part 5)" Wearing Luo Shang Yi, you can sort out the music at home. ——"Many Beauties from Yanzhao" Anonymous Han Dynasty painting Luo weaving fan always looks like clouds, and the fine grass is like a butterfly skirt clustered in mud.
——"Bamboo Branch Poems" Huang Xintian wears gauze and plays with the clear water, enjoying herself and the clear waves. ——"Ode to Zhuluo Mountain" Li Bai's Luo Yi is swaying, the light train is returning with the wind.
——"Beauty Chapter" Cao Zhi's embroidered clothes shine in the late spring, and he frowns like a golden peacock and a silver unicorn. ——"Beauty's Journey, Part 1" Du Fu's guests dismounted and left, while the green cicadas brushed and combed their beautiful black hair.
——"The Night Comes to Joy" Li Hesui has exquisite silk and fragrant Buddha hands, and a fan in his hand to watch the river tide. ——"Peach Blossoms Are Left in the Cold" Ming Mingshi's sleeves are held low by the wind, facing each other, and there should be golden scales leaning against them.
——"The Proud Fisherman" Yan Shu cuts ribbons and sews dance clothes with Wu Dao, and captures the spring sunshine with bright makeup and beautiful clothes. ——"Ci of Bai Rami" Li Bai's lotus clothes come and go suddenly.
——"Nine Songs, Shao Siming" Qu Yuan's beautiful jewelry and luxuriant brocade quilt. ——"Encounter" The beauty Chen Ziang came to sing and dance, and her stockings and embroidered shoes disappeared with her step.
——"Red Thread Carpet" Bai Juyi Cui'e and Chanjuan are in the early moonlight, and the beauty is even singing and dancing in her robes. ——"Reminiscing about old travels and sending Qiaojun Yuan to join the army" Li Bai.