1. The moon is setting, the sky is filled with crows and frost, and the river wind and fishing fire are against melancholy. ——Zhang Ji's "Night Mooring on Maple Bridge"
★★★Note: The first sentence describes three closely related scenes: "moonset, crows, and frost-covered sky." The first quarter moon rises early, and by the time the moon sets, it will be almost dawn, and the birds on the trees are also chirping at dawn. The "frost" of the autumn night is filled with a bone-piercing chill, surrounding it from all directions. The poet's boat moored at night made him feel that the vast night sky outside was filled with frost. The second sentence describes the poet's sleepless night accompanied by "Jiang Maple" and "Fishing Fire".
2. If you want to hear about the autumn mood, which no one knows, you murmur and knock on the east fence with your hands behind your back. ——Lin Daiyu
★★★Note: This poem comes from Lin Daiyu's "Asking for the Chrysanthemum" in the 38th chapter of Dream of Red Mansions. This poem is the most novel and unique of Daiyu's three chrysanthemum poems, and also the most beautiful. A poem that can represent Daiyu's personality. Most flowers bloom in spring, but chrysanthemums bloom as late as autumn and remain on their branches even through frost. Tao Yuanming of the Jin Dynasty loved chrysanthemums. Tao Yuanming was a hermit, so people also called chrysanthemums the hermit among flowers. The hermit is alone and proud of the world, with noble character, independent and independent from the world.
3. When you look into the mirror at dawn, you will be worried about the clouds on your temples. When you sing at night, you should feel the cold moonlight. ——Li Shangyin's "Untitled"
★★★Note: "In the morning mirror, I am worried about the change of my hair, and when I sing at night, I should feel the cold moonlight." The first sentence writes about myself, and the second sentence imagines the other person. "Cloud hair changes" means that due to painful torture, one can't sleep at night, so that the hair on the temples falls off and the face is haggard. This vividly describes the twists and turns of spiritual activities, and is no longer a simple description of youth being tortured by pain. Kill this thing. At night he is languished with pain, and in the morning he is languished with pain. The pain at night is because the pursuit of love cannot be realized; the haggardness and sorrow the next day are because of love and the hope of staying young. In short, the haggardness for love is painful and depressed. This kind of lingering and lingering feelings that circulate day and night still expresses the painful and persistent heart song.
4. The cicadas sing in the West, and the guests in the South are deep in thought. Unbearable to see the shadow on the temples, I came to sing to Bai Tou. It is difficult to fly in due to heavy dew, and it is easy to sink due to the strong wind. No one believes in Gao Jie, who can express his sincerity? ——Luo Binwang "Singing Cicadas in Prison"
★★★Commentary: Looking at the whole poem, there is neither the word "sorrow" nor the word "autumn", so how does the author express his "autumn sorrow"? What about? The beauty lies in the first two words and the last word of the poem! It turns out that the two characters "Xilu" at the beginning mean "autumn", and the last word was written on the word "heart", connecting the beginning and the end of the poem. Isn't "Autumn Heart" exactly the word "sorrow"!
5. Silently, I went up to the west building alone, the moon was like a hook. The lonely Wutong deep courtyard locks Qingqiu. ——Li Yu's "Happy Meeting"
★★★Commentary: "Speechless and Alone on the West Tower", this narrative reveals people's thoughts and feelings through actions. The language is simple and clear, yet very concise and accurate. The action written is "going up to the west building". From these three words alone, no human emotion can be seen. It would be very joyful and lively if it were the beloved concubines and maids who crowded up to the west tower. However, this is "going up to the West Tower alone", and it is still "speechless"! "A white bird that is speechless must be sad." What about people? The image of Empress Li, full of sorrow and hatred, standing alone on the paper, appeared before her eyes. "The moon is like a hook, and the lonely phoenix tree locks the autumn in the deep courtyard." These two sentences describe the scene and describe the desolate environment in which the empress is living. He climbed up to the west tower, raised his head and saw the crescent moon like a hook, hooking up a string of old hatreds and new sorrows; looking down, he saw the deep locks of the tung trees, locking up the autumn in the courtyard. The desolate scenery contains deep sorrow and hatred. There is emotion in the scenery and emotion outside the scenery.
6. The sad autumn of thousands of miles is a frequent guest, and the one who has been sick for a hundred years appears alone on the stage. ——Du Fu
★★★Note: "On the stage alone" indicates that the poet is overlooking from a high place, which closely links the vision of the eyes with the feelings in the heart. "Often a guest" points out the poet's wandering career. "A hundred years" is a metaphor for a limited life, here it refers specifically to the old age. The word "Sad Autumn" is written with sadness. Autumn is not necessarily sad, but when the poet saw the desolate and majestic autumn scenery, he couldn't help but think of his situation in a foreign land, old and sick, so he felt infinite sadness. The poet summarizes the feelings of old guests who are most prone to sadness and who are sick and only love to go on stage into a couplet of "magnificent and loud, really loud", which makes people deeply feel his heavy beating. Emotional pulse.
7. Sanxiang is worried about the autumn colors on the temples, and faces the bright moon when returning from thousands of miles away. ——Lulun
★★★Note: Sanxiang: Hunan includes Xiangtan, Xiangxiang, and Xiangyin, collectively known as "Sanxiang", which refers to the territory of Hunan. The general meaning of these two sentences is: In the sad and bleak autumn scenery, my temples are like frost and I am walking towards Sanxiang; thousands of miles away from home, I miss my hometown. Facing the bright moon, my longing for home is even more urgent. During the Anshi Rebellion, the poet was forced to wander abroad. This poem was written when he went from Ezhou (Wuchang, Hubei) to Hunan. The poet's hometown is Puzhou (Yongji, Shanxi), but now he is wandering alone in Sanxiang, and it is a night with autumn colors everywhere and the bright moon facing melancholy. How can I restrain myself from being homesick for thousands of miles? So I came to the pen with emotion and wrote this famous line about homesickness that uses the scenery to express my nostalgia.
8. Where is Xiangguan at dusk? The misty waves on the river make people sad. ——Cui Hao's "Yellow Crane Tower"
★★★Note: This is a masterpiece of nostalgia for the past. The poet came here full of admiration for the Yellow Crane Tower. However, in the past, people rode cranes to reach immortality, but now there is no trace of it. There is only an ordinary Jiang Tower left in front of them. So the poet visited the historical site, saw the things and thought about the people, and was inspired by the scene. He borrowed the legend to write down, and then he went on to write this immortal masterpiece.
9. Autumn grass, autumn frost, cold autumn wind, autumn wild geese and frequent autumn rain. An autumn maple leaf knows the meaning of autumn, and resents autumn and pities autumn as the heart of autumn. ——Anonymous
★★★Note: In just 28 words, there are actually 11 words for "autumn", which vividly expresses the author's "autumn sorrow"!
10. There is no way that you are always free, and the lonely lamp writes about your sorrow every night. ——Lu You, Song Dynasty, "Qiu Xing"
★★★Note: Lu You was a prolific writer, with more than a dozen poems titled Qiu Xing alone. This is his work in his later years, a statement of regret after his unrealized ambitions. These two sentences speak directly from my heart and tell people, don't say that I have nothing to do. I also write poems expressing desolate and melancholy emotions alone under a lonely lamp every night. The mood he wrote in the poem "Composition on the Pillow" is the same: "There is still a youthful flavor, and Wu Jian writes a sentence about pure sorrow."
11. Resting alone in the Mingyue Tower, drinking wine. Sadness turns into tears of lovesickness. ——Fan Zhongyan
★★★ Note: "High building" and "bright moon" first add to the atmosphere of melancholy; "wine" is the best carrier to trigger hatred throughout the ages. The word "chouchang" directly states The emotions in the heart, and the fact that "wine" finally turns into "tears" further reflects the sadness and deep affection. This poem was written by the author while traveling in a foreign country. The description of the scene in front of him in the first film fully exaggerates the desolation, which naturally leads to the direct lyricism in the second film. It deeply expresses the author's longing for his hometown and his feelings for the loneliness during the journey. With sincere emotions and unique imagery and techniques, it is one of Fan Zhongyan's masterpieces.
12. The paper is full of self-pity and resentment, but who can explain the autumn heart in a few words. ——Lin Daiyu
★★★Note: "The paper is full of self-pity and plain blame", which describes Daiyu's usual state of worry and self-pity; "Who can explain the autumn heart in a few words"? Finally, he brought out the poet Tao Yuanming, who had the deepest relationship with chrysanthemums, and sang about the bright and noble character of chrysanthemums.
13 , Worry arises from dusk, and excitement comes from autumn. ——Meng Haoran
★★★Note: Sorrow is often caused by the mood of dusk, and interest is often caused by the atmosphere of autumn.
14. , Passionate feelings have hurt farewells since ancient times, and they are even more desolate in the Qingqiu Festival. ——Liu Yong's "Yulin Ling"
★★★ Note: This poem is Liu Yong's masterpiece when he left Bianjing. The poem is about saying goodbye to a lover when going south. The poem uses various desolate and desolate autumn scenes to set off and exaggerate the emotions of separation, and vividly paints a picture of farewell on the Autumn River.