From "Clear Sand and Autumn", it is a scenery-writing Sanqu written by Bai Pu, a writer in Yuan Dynasty. By capturing twelve kinds of scenery, the author describes the changes of A Qiu landscape from desolate and lonely to bright and beautiful. It is a lyric song describing the society at that time. He wrote the poet's cheerful and hopeful feelings from the cold and melancholy.
Tianjin sand autumn
Author: Bai Pu
Sunset in a lonely village,
Western jackdaw in the west, old trees with light smoke,
A small flying shadow.
Green mountains and green waters,
White grass, red leaves and yellow flowers.
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Looking at the rosy clouds in the sky, a village stands alone in the sunset.
Light smoke floated into the air, and several crows perched on the rickety old tree.
A wild goose flew down in the distance and crossed the sky.
Frosted grass, flaming maple leaves and golden flowers are swaying in the wind together, and the colors are very bright.
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There are similarities in writing and artistic conception between Bai Pu's Jing Tian Sand Ball and Ma Zhiyuan's Jing Tian Sand Qiu Si. Although the title of this song is "Autumn" and it is written in autumn, there is no word "Autumn". At the beginning of this song, a picture of autumn dusk is painted, creating a quiet and lonely atmosphere. Then, in the form of noun juxtaposition, typical autumn scenery is selected to describe a colorful Qiu Jingtu from far to near. Autumn scenery has also changed from bleak and lonely before to bright and beautiful.
This poem, with only five lines and twenty-eight characters, is short in length, but it draws a wonderful Qiu Jingtu. The first three sentences focus on rendering the bleak scene of late autumn. Dusk: The bloody sunset glow reflects a lonely small village. Smoke from the kitchen chimney dimmed the sunset. A few homing western Western jackdaw stood quietly on the branch of an old tree. Suddenly, a sorrowful lonely rainbow flew into the distance in the shadow of the sunset glow. In the last two sentences, the author turned to write: the mountains are quiet, the green water is long, the white grass is continuous, the red leaves are patches, and the yellow flowers are in full bloom. Sweep away the cliches of previous people who are sad to the end.
Bai Pu is writing "A Concise Selection of autumn scenery's Ci", and his ci does not simply highlight the sadness in autumn. In the first two sentences, "Sunset in a lonely village, Western jackdaw in the west of an old tree with light smoke", six pictures of "Lonely village, sunset, sunset, light smoke, old tree and Western jackdaw in the west" are used, and any one of them represents the bleak atmosphere of autumn scenery in autumn. In order to make this bleak atmosphere vivid, the author chose Flying in the Shadow as the end of the first half. As a result, the bleak picture turned to be active, and the lonely autumn scenery seemed to present another vivid life. Finally, in order to strengthen the beautiful and charming image of autumn scenery in the author's mind, "Green mountains and green waters, white grass, red leaves and yellow flowers" is the conclusion of the song. These two sentences use five colors: green, white, red and yellow. White grass, red leaves and yellow flowers are mixed in the two colors of green mountains and green waters. "Green mountains and green waters" is a vast picture scroll, and "white grass, red leaves and yellow flowers" is a delicate picture scroll, which is so patchy that autumn scenery, which was originally lonely and bleak, suddenly becomes colorful. Thus, Bai Pu's prose writing skills are brilliant.
If we contact Bai Pu's unwillingness to be an official in the Yuan Dynasty, it is not difficult for readers to understand why the same autumn scenery has such a huge contrast. The "small" in the picture is a sentence in Li Bai's "Send eighteen pictures of Pei to Songshan Mountain in the South": "Raise your hand and point, it is difficult to talk." Hong Fei in Sooner or later, Shui Ying has a clear source has the same effect, which are all metaphors of the author himself. Bai Pu didn't want to get a job in the imperial court, but hoped that she could fly away from that bleak, cold and lifeless place like a swan, and find a happy land full of vitality, which also indicated a beautiful turning point in the author's life. Therefore, the land of "green mountains and green waters, white grass, red leaves and yellow flowers" in the shadow can be understood by readers as the author's seclusion and the scene in his heart. The artistic conception is cheerful and peaceful, without negative feelings, which shows the author's love for seclusion and should belong to imaginative writing. In this piece of music, the author put "the scene in my heart" together with the real environment at that time very skillfully and without trace, which produced a strong contrast effect and implicitly revealed his love and hate.
Describing autumn scenery has always been the favorite theme of ancient China literati. Poets and poets who spared no expense to express it took their place, leaving behind countless works, but many of them are easy to fall into stereotypes. However, according to his own observation and experience, Bai Pu described the natural scene of autumn in a vivid way in his works. Although the beginning is a bit dim, the end is colorful, pleasing to the eye and lasting appeal. His pen is profound, his works are unique in style, graceful and graceful, and his artistic conception is novel, which can be compared with Ma Zhiyuan's Tianjingsha Qiu Si, known as the "father of Qiu Si". This poem is not only good, but also elegant. Words and songs can be divided into refined and popular. Generally speaking, words are charming and implicit, while inflections are sharp, new and straightforward. Bai Pu's poems have artistic conception of words. Although there is no such sentence as "heartbroken people are at the end of the world" in the song, the lyric protagonist appears and disappears from time to time, conveying a kind of "Tianya" silence in the hazy haze.
Brief introduction of the author
Typha Typha (1226-? ), formerly known as Heng, the word Renfu, also known as No.,was born in Zhending (now near Hequ, Shanxi Province), and later moved to Zhengding County, Hebei Province, and lived in Jinling (now Nanjing City) in his later years. He never became an official. He was a famous litterateur, songwriter and dramatist in Yuan Dynasty, and was also known as the Four Masters of Yuan Dynasty with Guan Hanqing, Ma Zhiyuan and Zheng Guangzu. According to Ghost Record, there are 15 kinds of zaju (16 kinds), and now there are three kinds of zaju: Going to the Wall at once, Wu Tongyu and The Story of the East Wall. There are more than 30 short poems, including 4 episodes, mainly about seclusion, love between men and women, and natural scenery. The language is concise and the style is beautiful. There are also two volumes of sounds of nature.