Generally speaking, Lu You married the daughter of his uncle Tang Hong for the first time. After marriage, the couple fell in love, but Lu You's mother didn't like her niece, so Lu You had to divorce Tang Hong at her mother's request. After the divorce, Tang remarried with the same county magistrate. On a spring outing, Lu You met her later husband Cheng in Shenyuan near Yuji Temple in the south of Shaoxing. With her husband's consent, Tang Zheng sent someone to pay tribute to her. Lu You remembered the past and wrote this word on the wall of Shenyuan Garden. The above plot is from the History of Dong Qiye in Song Dynasty, but it is inaccurate. Guy Tang Hong is the son of Tang Yi. Lu You has six uncles, none of whom (see Appendix 2 of Selected Interpretation of Song Ci, Wang Songjue Huayang Collection, Volume 37, Tang Su Epitaph. Lu You and his ex-wife Tang Ziran are not cousins. However, according to the notes of various scholars in the Song Dynasty, it is believed that Lu You and his ex-wife Tang met during a spring outing in Shenyuan, and made this word after an interview.
This word is divided into two parts, the first part is a man's tone, and naturally it is Lu You who describes the difference between the past and the present; The joy of the past, like a strong east wind, swept away the flowers on the branches. In the next few years, I was in a desert mood, full of sadness, and this hatred has been cast, and the fact is irreparable. The change from a woman's tone is naturally about Tang's yearning for parting: the scenery in front of him is still dim, but the personnel have changed. I am thin and haggard because I miss you. I stay in Lacrimosa all day. As a result, Bloom has no intention of taking Linchi Pavilion again. At that time, vows of eternal love were empty wishes. Although I wanted to learn from books, I had no choice but to give up because of remarriage. The vividness of the tone and tenderness of the word are not imagined. If there is no prototype of life as the basis, fiction alone will not be so real and touching. The above is the overall impression of this word. In order to confirm this impression, we can make further analysis from the perspective of language image.
"Red crisp hands, yellow wine, spring willow in the city." These three sentences reflect the past and present, and the emotions expressed are extremely rich and complicated. "Red Crisp" is delicate and ruddy. Li Qingzhao's "Jade House Spring" (Hongmei) words: "Red Crisp is willing to break through Qiongbao and explore the south branch." The word "red crisp" is an intoxicating word to describe the color of red plum buds. Lu You uses "red crisp" to describe skin color, which means love. Why do poets only write red cakes and so on? This is because hands can best reflect women's demeanor. Such as Nineteen Ancient Poems and Hands; Su Shi's "He Xinlang" and "Make a white round fan by hand, and fan it like jade for a while" are all examples of expressing the posture and appearance of characters by hand. However, in this poem, the poet not only uses the description of his opponent to set off the beauty of Tang's appearance, but also links the next sentence "yellow wine", which implies the meaning of Tang's diligent holding of wine to persuade him to drink. This situation suddenly aroused the poet's infinite feelings and memories: the Temple of God and Yuji Temple were once places where the loving couple visited hand in hand. Once upon a time, all that's well that ends well for a lover, who loves his wife and gets married easily, was already someone else's. The spring scenery in the city is still the same, but the personnel are completely different. Although "Palace Wall Willow" is about the real scene in front of us, it also implies the meaning of being inaccessible. "East wind evil, joy is thin" means that flowers are blown down by spring breeze, and joy is hard to come by. Many people understand the word "evil" in "Dongfeng evil" as vicious evil, which is wrong. Because of the misunderstanding of the meaning of the word "evil", this sentence is extended, and it is believed that "dongfeng evil" is Lu You's insinuation that his mother was too cruel and broke up his son's happy marriage. This is even more nonsense. In order to correct the misunderstanding of this sentence, we have to do a little dialectics here. The word "evil" in the language of Gai Song Yuan was originally a neutral "unusual" word indicating the degree of things, which has the same meaning as too, very, extremely and deeply, and does not contain derogatory meanings. Rukang and his poem "Remembering Qin E" said: "Lonely spring comes, and the east wind is evil in Chang 'an ancient road. "It means that spring has passed, and the spring breeze on the ancient Chang 'an Road is still blowing strongly. Zhou Bangyan's poem "Ruihexian" said: "Sighing that the West Garden has no land for flowers, and the east wind is evil." It means that the west garden is littered with flowers, so why is the east wind blowing so hard? Yuan Hu only has the Sanqu in "Three Biographies of Emperor Xiaoyao": "The wicker dance is trapped in a small waist and looks like an east wind evil". This is to describe that the willows keep dancing in the wind in the spring breeze, making the east wind fierce; If Liu Si is the waist of Xiaoman (Bai Juyi has a concubine named Xiaoman who is good at dancing), she must feel very sleepy. Therefore, "East Wind Evil" is not an allusion to Lu You's mother. As for whether this poem objectively has anti-feudal social significance, that is another matter, and it cannot be confused with the interpretation of this poem, otherwise it will distort the original intention of the work and be suspected of slandering the ancient times. Since the syndrome differentiation is clear, then the next three sentences of "feeling sad" naturally follow the emotional clues that good times are not often and it is difficult to be happy again. It was Lu You who poured out his sadness and loneliness to his ex-wife Tang for several years. Finally, it ended with the words "wrong, wrong, wrong", but it was just a word and a tear. But now that you have made this mistake, it will be useless to complain and blame again, and you can only hold a grudge for life.
This word goes to the next word, but it has another meaning. Here is the first-person narrator directly imitating Tang's tone, crying all day after leaving: "Spring is the same, people are empty, and tears are streaming down their faces." Because these three words are similar to Dunn's style, they were written from enjoying the spring scenery in the past, and there is no repetition. On the contrary, it makes people more sad, such as crying, tears and voices. The sentence "Spring is as old as ever" corresponds to the previous poem "Spring in the City", which not only writes about the spring scenery in front of you, but also recalls the joy of the past, but it is already "things are people, not everything." "People are thin" is precisely "making people haggard for Iraq". The word "empty" writes the feeling of lovesickness. Although I know lovesickness is useless and waste is useless, I still can't help myself. "Tears on her face" is a true portrayal of Lacrimosa in recent years. "Peach blossoms fall, idle pool pavilions, although Mengshan is there, it is difficult to hold books." These four sentences describe the infinite bitterness after remarriage: Let the bloom flowers fall and the garden be quiet, but I have no intention to watch. Yu Pingbo's "Selected Interpretation of Tang and Song Ci" holds that "the leisure pool pavilion" refers to a recent visit to Shen Yuan. " Although it is also accessible, it is better to interpret Zhao's garden as a more recent word. Judging from Gai's "Spring Day in the City" and the latter's "Spring Day as usual", it is not the weather in late spring. Therefore, it is inconsistent with the previous article to say that "referring to the deep traces of the gods". According to Chen Hu's "Reading Books for the Aged", Zhao Shicheng said: "There is a garden at home." It can be seen that these two sentences mean that after Tang remarried, he could not forget his ex-husband. Although the Zhao family has a garden pool pavilion, he never boarded it because of depression. Go down to "Meng Shan is here, but Jin Shu is hard to believe." Tell a story to her husband with Su Hui's "Poem of the Brocade Palindrome in the Pre-Qin Dynasty", tell the whole story after remarriage, and make up the meaning of the last two sentences. The words "Mo, Mo, Mo" are a stack of sentences, with a low throat and a broken heart. This is a sigh of despair and helplessness, and it is also the last farewell to comfort her ex-husband and blame herself for her poor life. It is said that Tang died of depression shortly after meeting his ex-husband in Shenyuan.
Previous comments on Lu You's Hairpin Phoenix said that "every word is unnatural". The so-called "natural" means that the expression is natural and not artificial. Lu You himself once said: "Articles are natural, and wonderful hands are rare." It is precisely because the poet personally experienced this eternal sadness that he came up with this eternal farewell word. This bitter past has become the pain of Lu You's life. Until his later years, he visited this man in Shenyuan many times and wrote his poems. Limited to space, I won't quote them one by one here.