The great blow of Wutai poetry case became the turning point of Su Shi's life. The new party insisted on killing Su Shi, and the ruling and opposition parties also launched rescue activities.
Not only many elders who share the same political views with Su Shi wrote articles in succession, but even some people of insight in the reformists also advised Zongshen not to kill Su Shi.
With everyone's efforts, this poem case was finalized by Wang Anshi in one sentence, and Su Shi was given a lighter sentence and relegated to Huangzhou (now Huanggang, Hubei) as the deputy ambassador of the Youth League.
The position of Huangzhou's deputy envoy is quite humble and has no real power, while Su Shi has been disheartened after this campaign.
After Su Shi took office, he was unhappy. He traveled to Chibi Mountain outside Huangzhou for many times, and wrote famous works such as "Red Cliff Fu", "Post-Red Cliff Fu" and "Niannujiao Chibi Nostalgia" to express his thoughts and feelings in exile.
In his spare time, he led his family to cultivate a sloping land in the east of the city to help make a living. The nickname "Dongpo lay man" was coined by Su Shi at this time.
Extended data:
First, "Red Cliff Fu"
1, original text
In autumn, on July 16th and 16th, Su Shi and his friends went boating in Chibi. The breeze blows gently and the water can't reach the surface. Raise a glass to propose a toast to one's companions, recite articles related to the moon, and sing praises to chapters. Not long after, the moon rose from Dongshan, hovering between the Big Dipper and the cow.
Milky white fog across the river, clear water. Let the boat float on the boundless river and cross the boundless river. Vast as the wind in Feng Xu, I don't know where it ends; Floating like an independent world, feathering into a fairy.
At this time, he was very happy to drink, slapping the ship's rail with his hand and singing. The song says: "Gui Gui is like a blue paddle, striking the sky and tracing the streamer. I am pregnant, and I hope that beauty is on one side. " Guests have oral sex and rely on songs to make peace.
Its voice is whiny, like resentment, like crying; The sound is endless. It can make the dragon dance in the deep valley and make the widow in the lonely boat cry.
Su Shi's face was sad and sad, so he sat up in a corner and asked the guest, "How do you know?" ? "The guest said," There are few stars on the moon, and blackbirds fly south. "Isn't this Cao Mengde's poem? Looking at Xiakou in the west and Wuchang in the east, the mountains and rivers are misty and gloomy. Isn't this because Meng Zhizhi was trapped in Zhou Lang?
Fang Qi broke Jingzhou and went down to Jiangling, downstream to the east. He was thousands of miles long, wearing a flag, drinking wine and singing poems across the river, and became a hero in the world. Now, where is he?
In fact, my son and I are fishing on the river, and we are friends with fish, shrimp and elk. We love each other. It's a drop in the ocean to send a mayfly into the earth. Mourn a moment in my life and admire the infinity of the Yangtze River. Fly with the flying fairy, hold the bright moon, and grow up. I couldn't understand it at the moment, but I heard about it in Hengtai. "
Perilla said, "Do you know my husband's water and the moon? The deceased is like this, but he has never been there; If you are full of emptiness, the dead will not ebb and flow. Gai must view it from its changers, then heaven and earth can't be in an instant; If you look at it from its unchangeable point of view, then things are infinite to me, so why envy them!
Besides, between heaven and earth, everything has its own owner, not mine, so I will take it for nothing. However, the breeze on the river and the bright moon in the mountains are wonderful to hear and beautiful to meet. That's the creator's endless hiding place. My son and I are in the right place. "
So the companion smiled happily, wiped the cup clean again and poured it again. All the vegetables and fruits have been eaten, leaving only the cups on the table in a mess. Sleeping on the boat, hugging each other, I know the horizon has turned white.
2. Translation
In autumn in Ren Xu, on July 16, my friends and I went boating under Chibi. The breeze blows gently, but the waves are quiet. Raise a glass to the other half, and recite the chapter "My My Fair Lady" in the bright moon.
After a while, the bright moon rose from the back of Dongshan and moved back and forth between Dousu and Niusu. White fog streaked across the river and covered the sky.
Indulge a reed-like boat to float freely and cross the endless river. Just like walking in the air with the wind, I don't know where I will stop. It's like I'm going to leave this world to fly, I'm going to become an immortal and enter a fairyland.
At this time, I am very happy to drink, knock on the boat and sing.
The song sings: "laurel wooden boats and vanilla paddles are flapping clear waves in the moonlight and going upstream on the moonlight water." My feelings are far away, looking at the beautiful scenery, but on the other side of the sky. "
There are also guests who can play the flute, accompanied by the rhythm of the song. The sound of the flute is like mourning, like hope, like weeping, like complaining, and the lingering sound echoes on the river like silk. Can make the dragon in the deep valley dance for it, can make the widow in the lonely boat cry for it.
I also looked sad, adjusted my skirt and sat up straight, asking the guest, "Why is the flute so sad?" The guest replied,' There are few stars in the moon, and blackbirds fly south'. Isn't this a poem by Cao Gong and Meng De?
From here, you can see Xiakou in the west and Wuchang in the east. The mountains and rivers are contiguous, and at first glance, it is gloomy. Isn't that where Cao Mengde was besieged by Zhou Yu?
At the beginning, Jingzhou was captured, Jiangling was captured, and it went down the Yangtze River. His warships are connected end to end, stretching for thousands of miles, with flags covering the sky. Facing the great river, he poured wine and recited poems with a spear. He used to be a contemporary hero, but where is he now?
Besides, you and I are fishing and chopping wood in a small continent in the middle of the river, with fish and shrimp as partners and elk as friends. We are driving this boat on the river, raising cups and toasting each other, just like a mayfly in the vast world, as small as a millet in the sea.
Alas, sighing that our life is only a short moment, we can't help but envy the endless Yangtze River. I want to travel around the world hand in hand with the gods and embrace the bright moon forever. Knowing that these can't be realized after all, I have to turn my regret into a flute and entrust it to the sad autumn wind.
I asked: Do you know the water and the moon, too? The passage of time is like this water, but it has not really passed away; When the circle disappears, just like this month, there is no increase or decrease after all.
It can be seen that from the changeable side of things, everything between heaven and earth is constantly changing, even stopping in the blink of an eye; From the unchangeable side of things, everything is eternal to us, so what is there to envy?
Besides, between heaven and earth, everything has its own master, and if it is not what it should be, it will not even get a penny.
Only the breeze on the river and the bright moon in the mountains become sounds when they are heard, and all kinds of colors are drawn when they enter the eyes. No one will forbid you to get these things, and there will be no worries about feelings. This is an inexhaustible treasure given by nature, and you and I can share it together.
The guest smiled happily, washed the glass and filled it again. All the vegetables and fruits have been eaten, and the cups and plates are in a mess. Everyone slept on the boat with pillows on each other, and before you know it, there was a white dawn in the East.
Second, "Post-Red Cliff Fu"
1, original text
It is the hope of October and will return to Lingao after starting from Tang Xue. The two guests never gave Sakamoto the yellow mud. Since the frost has fallen, the leaves have fallen, and the figure is on the ground. Look up at the bright moon, take care of it, and sing and answer.
He sighed: "there are guests without wine, wine without food, and the moon is white and clear." What a wonderful night! " The guest said, "At dusk today, I got a fish with a huge scale, like a Songjiang perch. How about Gu 'an's wine? " Go home and find a woman.
The woman said, "I had a beer fight and hid it for a long time, just for fear that my son would need it." So I swam to the red cliff with wine and fish. The river is noisy, and the shore breaks thousands of feet; The mountain is high and the moon is small, and the truth comes out.
Once the sun and the moon were geometric, but the mountains and rivers were unrecognizable. Dressed in clothes, jade walks on rocks, covered with velvet, lives among tigers and leopards, climbs dragons, climbs the dangerous nest of storks and leans against the secluded palace in Feng Yi. You can't cover two guests at will.
However, the whistling, the vibration of vegetation, the sound of mountains and valleys, and the wind and water are surging. Giving is also quiet and sad, awe and fear, and it is impossible to stay. Instead, get on the boat, let it flow and stop it. It will be half past midnight, and I will be lonely. There is a solitary crane, and the river comes from the east.
2. Translation
This year1October 15, I set out from Tang Xue and prepared to return to Lingaoge. Two guests followed me and walked through the yellow clay board together. At this time, it was first frost, and all the leaves fell out.
Our figure was reflected on the ground, and we looked up and saw the bright moon hanging high. Looking around, I am very happy; So as they walked, they sang poems and rewarded each other.
After a while, I said regretfully, "There are guests without wine, and there is wine without food." The moonlight is bright and the breeze is blowing gently. How can I spend such a wonderful night? ".
A guest said, "Tonight, I cast my net and caught a fish with a big mouth and fine scales, which is shaped like a bass in Wusong River. However, where can I get wine? "
I went home to discuss with my wife, who said, "I have a barrel of wine, which I have kept for a long time in case you need it urgently."
In this way, we visited the bottom of Chibi again with wine and fish. The flowing water of the Yangtze River makes a sound, and the steep bank of the river is steep; The mountains are high and the moon is small, the water level drops and the rocks are exposed.
It's just how many days have passed, and I can't recognize the river view I saw last time! I lifted my skirt and went ashore, stepping on the steep rocks and clearing away the messy weeds.
Crouching on the strange stone in the shape of tiger and leopard, sometimes pulling the branches in the shape of dragon, climbing the cliff where birds of prey nest and overlooking the deep palace of Feng Yi, the water god. Neither guest can follow me to such a high place.
I screamed loudly, the vegetation shook, the mountains sang with me, the deep valleys echoed, and the wind surged. I feel sad, too. I felt scared and held my breath silently. I think it's horrible here. I can't stay long.
Go back to the boat, row the boat to the middle of the river, let it drift and stop there. It's nearly midnight. Looking around, I feel very cold and lonely.
There happened to be a crane flying across the river from the east, with wings as big as wheels. Kuroha on his tail was a black skirt and dressed in white. It suddenly stretched out its voice and cried, wiping our boat and flying west.
After a while, the guests left and I went home to sleep. I dreamed that a Taoist priest, dressed in feathers, walked briskly to your Excellency Lingao, bowed to me and said, "Did you have a good trip to Chibi?" I asked his name, but he bowed his head and didn't answer.
"oh! Oh, dear! I know everything about you. I flew around calling last night, wasn't it you? " The Taoist priest turned to laugh, and I suddenly realized. When I opened the door, I couldn't see where he was.
Third, "Niannujiao Chibi Nostalgia"
1, original text
The surging river flows eastward, and those heroes of the past are gone forever.
To the west of the old camp, people say it's the War of the Three Kingdoms, Battle of Red Cliffs.
The steep rock wall, like thunder waves lapping against the river bank, waves like rolling up thousands of snow.
The majestic rivers and mountains are picturesque, and many heroes emerge at once.
Looking back on Zhou Yu's spring breeze era, young and beautiful Joe just married him, and he was full of heroic spirit.
A white figure with a feather fan came face to face, and while talking and laughing, the enemy warships burned to ashes.
I am wandering in the battlefield today. I feel a feeling heart and give birth to white hair prematurely.
Life is like a dream, sprinkle a glass of wine to pay tribute to the bright moon on the river.
2. Translation
River of no return, wash out those romantic figures through the ages. In the west of the ancient battlefield, it is said that Zhou Yu of the Three Kingdoms broke Cao Jun's Red Cliff.
Rocky Mountain is high on all sides, with cliffs like clouds on both sides. The stormy waves are beating violently on the other side, and the rolled waves are like thousands of snow in winter. Jiangshan is so picturesque, how many heroes have emerged at one time.
Think back to the famous Yu. Xiao Qiao has just married him, and he is very dashing. With a feather fan in his hand and a black silk scarf on his head, he was laughing calmly and smartly, and 800,000 Cao Jun was like ashes.
Now immersed in the ancient battlefield, wandering in the past. Ironically, I have so much nostalgia for the past that my temples are as white as old age. Life is like a hazy dream. A toast to the eternal moon.
Baidu encyclopedia-Su Shi