■Related websites
Baidu Tieba·Wu Bar:/dispbbs.asp?BoardID=112&ID=73581&replyID=459386&skin=1
■Ranking of Wu surname
p>
In the history of our country, the surname Wu is a relatively typical northern surname, widely distributed, accounting for about 0.18% of the country's Han population, ranking 95th, and one of the 100 major surnames in China.
■The origin of the surname
The surname Wu (Wǔ) has seven origins:
1. It comes from the surname Ji, after Ji Wu, the youngest son of King Ping of Zhou. According to the "New Book of Tang: Genealogy Table of Prime Ministers", in 770 BC, Quan Rong invaded the Western Zhou Dynasty, King You of Zhou was killed, and Zhou's Kyoto was also destroyed. Yijiu, the son of King Zhou You, was supported by some princes such as Shen, Xu, and Lu. He ascended the throne in Shen and later moved to Luoyi, which was called the Eastern Zhou Dynasty in history. Yijiu is King Ping of Zhou. Because there was a pattern in the shape of the word "武" on his palm, he was given the surname Wu and became a high official in the Zhou Dynasty. Later, his descendants took Wu as their surname, and the surname Wu was known as the Zhengzong surname in history. It is the Wu family of Henan.
2. It comes from the name of the country. According to the "Shiben", "Tonggu of Wanxing" and other materials, Xia Chen Wuluo was granted the title of Wuluo Kingdom, and later the country was destroyed. Later, his descendants took the name of the country and called them the surname Wu.
3. Coming from the surname of Zi, taking the ancestral name or the posthumous name as the surname:
① Coming from Shang Wang Wuding, taking the ancestral name as the surname. According to the "Wu Ban Stele", after the Shang King Wu Ding, he was named after his ancestor. Such as the Wu Ban in the Han Dynasty.
② It comes from the posthumous name of Song Wugong in the Spring and Autumn Period. According to "Customs", Sikong, the son of Duke Dai of the Song Dynasty during the Spring and Autumn Period, was given the posthumous title "Wu" after his death and was known as Song Wugong in history. His descendants took their ancestor's posthumous name as their surname and were also called the Wu family. It is the surname Wu of Henan.
4. It comes from the name of the city. According to "Customs", there was a king named Wuqiang Liang in the Han Dynasty, whose fiefdom was in Wuqiang County, Hebei Province today. His descendants were shortened to the Wu family because of the fiefdom "Wuqiang".
5. From the compound surnames starting with Wu - Wu'an and Wujiang:
① From the simplified compound surnames, after Qin general Bai Qi. During the Warring States Period, Qin general Bai Qi was granted the title of Lord Wu'an due to his meritorious service. Later, his descendants took the title "Wu'an" as their surname and called him the Wu'an family. Later, they shortened their surname to Wu.
② Descendants from Jiman, the grandson of King Qing of Zhou. Because the descendants of Ji Man were once granted the title of Wujiang (the area around present-day Zhengzhou City, Henan Province), their descendants took the name of the enfeoffed city and called it the Wujiang clan. Later, the surname was shortened to Wu.
6. From other sources. In the Tang Dynasty, those who had the surname Wu or were given the surname Wu:
① According to the "Book of Tang": "The descendant of the Tang Helanmin warrior, the surname Wu was fake."
② Fu in the Tang Dynasty The surnames of , Zuo and Li were given the surname Wu by Wu Zetian.
7. Those from minority ethnic groups with the surname Wu or the compound surname changed to the Han surname Wu:
① Manchu Wunie, Wujia, Wukudenji, and Ewenki Wu Lixi The Han surname is Wu.
② Jing, Yi, Mongolian and other ethnic groups have the surname Wu.
The ancestor of the surname: Wu Ding. When Shang King Wu Ding succeeded to the throne, the country's power was weak, so he tried his best to restore the prosperity of the Yin and Shang Dynasties, but he was troubled because he could not find good ministers to assist him. According to legend, one night Wu Ding dreamed that a saint named "Shuo" would assist him, so he searched everywhere and finally found him in the land of Fu Yan east of Pinglu, Shanxi. This man was Fu Shuo, the virtuous prime minister who was born a slave. Wu Ding had great trust in Fu Shuo, and the emperor and his ministers worked together to bring the Yin Shang Dynasty to its peak, which is known as the "Wu Ding Zhongxing" in history. After Wu Ding's death, his descendants believed that his meritorious service was comparable to that of the founding monarch Cheng Tang and that he should have his own surname, so they named him after him and called him the surname Wu. Wu Ding was regarded as the ancestor of the surname Wu.
■Migration Distribution
The Wu surname first originated in Henan. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, the Wu surname quickly migrated to neighboring Shandong, Jiangsu and other provinces. Wu Biao, a native of Pei State (now Peixian County, Jiangsu Province), followed Liu Bang in the late Qin Dynasty. After the establishment of the Han Dynasty, he was awarded an official title. His descendants were glorious and distinguished, and he was named the founder of Pei State County in future generations. In addition, the Shandong Wu surname had always been a prosperous and prominent clan until the Eastern Han Dynasty. In Ziyun Mountain in Jining, Shandong Province today, there is still a stone portrait of the Wu clan in the Eastern Han Dynasty, which was painted during the reign of Emperor Huan. According to the "New Tang Book: Genealogy List of Prime Ministers", Wuru, a native of the Western Han Dynasty, was granted the title of Liangzou (now Jinan, Shandong Province), passed to Wudu, and served as the prefect of Chenliu (now in Henan Province), and then to Wuxuan. He was appointed as the prefect of Runan (now part of Henan Province). During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, in view of the wars raging in the north, the Central Plains gentry went south one after another, and one of them was the surname Wu. The descendants of Wu Ru, Wu Zhou and Wu Yi, were officials in Cao Wei. Their descendants, Wu Yue, were appointed governor of Taishan, Wu Nian was the governor of Luo, Wu Qia was granted the title of Duke of Jinyang, and the other was granted the title of Daling County (today's Wuling County in the northeast of Wenshui County, Shanxi Province). Village), Wu Jian was appointed King Yongchang of the Northern Zhou Dynasty to consult and join the army. The Tang Dynasty was the most prominent and prosperous stage in the history of the Wu surname. The above-mentioned branch of the Wu surname developed into a warrior who was the Minister of the Ministry of Industry and granted the title of Duke of the country. His daughter Wu Zetian ascended the throne and proclaimed herself emperor. The Wu clan continued to expand, and the area around Taiyuan, her ancestral home, formed a large county, which was called Taiyuan County. During this period, many people with the Wu surname entered the court or served as local officials, making the places where the Wu surname flourished spread all over the world. During the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, although the Wu surname continued to migrate, such as people fleeing the Jin Dynasty going south, the Mongolian army taking over the Central Plains, the Ming Dynasty's large locust trees immigrating, etc., it was still a typical northern surname. In the Qing Dynasty, there were also people with the Wu surname who crossed the sea to Taiwan and later moved to Singapore and other places. Today, the surname Wu is especially common in Henan, Heilongjiang and other provinces. The population of Wu in these two provinces accounts for about 37% of the Han population in the country.
The Wu surname is the 95th most popular surname in China today. It has a large population, accounting for about 0.18% of the country's Han population.
■Historical Celebrities
Wu Ding: King of the Shang Dynasty. Later he was called Gaozong. Legend has it that he was the son of Pan Geng's younger brother Xiao Yi. When he was young, Wu Ding served outside and worked with "little people", so he understood "the difficulties of farming" better. After he ascended the throne, he promoted Fu Yue to power. Fu Yue was originally a prisoner, but was discovered by Wu Ding and reused. Wu Ding also appointed Gan Pan as a minister, so that the two men "take over the government of the world and govern the people of the world", striving to consolidate rule, enhance national power, and enable the Shang Dynasty to achieve great governance. "Historical Records Volume 3" states: "Wu Ding cultivated political integrity and cultivated virtue, and the world was salty, and Yin Dao was revived." Because Wu Ding pushed the Shang Dynasty to its peak, he was called the "King of Zhongxing". During Wu Ding's reign, he continued to carry out large-scale conquests against the Hu Fang in the west, the Hu Fang in the south, the Yi Fang in the east, the Ghost Fang in the north, as well as the Qiang Fang and Zhou tribes. Among them, the number of troops mobilized by the opponent for combat was sometimes 3,000, and sometimes even as many as 5,000; it took three years for the opponent to conquer the ghost. According to the Yin Xu inscriptions, Wu Ding's consort Fu Hao personally led troops to conquer the Qiang Fang. In addition to "cutting down the Qiang", there are many records of "capturing the Qiang" and "using the Qiang" in the oracles, that is, capturing Qiang prisoners and using them as human sacrifices, and the number is astonishing. Wu Ding sent troops to all directions for many years and conquered many small countries around him. These conquests and wars laid the foundation for the dynasty to form a vast territory with "a state extending thousands of miles away, extending as far as the maintenance of the people, and stretching across the four seas". Wu Ding reigned for fifty-nine years. After his death, his son Zu Geng succeeded to the throne.
Wu Chen: A native of Chen County (now Huaiyang, Henan Province) at the end of the Qin Dynasty. He rebelled with Chen Sheng and later established himself as King Zhao. He was killed by his general Li Liang for disobeying Chen Sheng's orders.
Wu Zhang: A native of Wenshui (now Fenyang, Shanxi Province), he was a famous general of Shu in the Five Dynasties and served as the military governor of Shannan. He attached great importance to agriculture and contributed to the construction of local farmland and water conservancy.
Wu Yi: A famous scholar in the Qing Dynasty and a Jinshi under the Qianlong Emperor. Founded Fanquan Academy and gave lectures in person. He studied classics and history, and was good at textual research on epigraphy and inscriptions. He is the author of "An Examination of Differences in Classical Readings", "Evidence of the Meanings of Qunjing", "Jinshiji of Yanshi", "Copying of Poems for Teaching Hall", etc. Wu Yuxiang: the founder of Tai Chi in the Qing Dynasty.
Wu Qi: A native of Taigu (now part of Shanxi Province) in the Yuan Dynasty, he successively served as counselor of Zhongshu, Shangshu of the Ministry of Household Affairs, and political participant of Gansu Province. He once participated in changing the banknote method and minting precious coins. However, he did not help Qi, prices soared, and the banknote method deteriorated. He is the author of "Baochao Tongkao" and so on.
Wu Yi: Born in Yanshi, Henan, he was a famous scholar in the Qing Dynasty and was appointed magistrate of Boshan County. He once founded Fanquan Academy and was good at textual research on epigraphy and stone. He is the author of "The Study of Classics" and "The Records of Yanshi Metal and Stone", etc.
Wu Xun: A pioneer in mass education in modern China and a great civilian educator, he founded three counties of Tangyi, Guantao and Linqing free schools for the poor.
Warrior Yan: A native of Wenshui, Bingzhou (now Wenshui East, Shanxi Province) in the Tang Dynasty, the father of Wu Zetian. He made a fortune by operating timber. He served Li Yuan in battle and was awarded an official title. During the reign of Emperor Gaozong, as the father of the queen, he was granted the title of Duke of Zhou and was given the title of King of Taiyuan.
Wu Zetian: The first female emperor in Chinese history, Empress Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty, founded the Zhou Dynasty in 690 AD and reigned for 21 years. During his reign, he made many political achievements, such as making good use of talents, establishing imperial examinations, attaching great importance to agriculture, and strengthening border defense. However, he appointed cruel officials, and there were frequent cases of injustice. In 705 AD, Emperor Zetian was forced to give up his throne to his son Zhongzong of the Tang Dynasty, who then restored the Tang Dynasty.
Wu Chengsi: Wu Zetian’s nephew, who gained weight because of his shadow. Later, Wu Chengsi fought to establish the crown prince, but to no avail, he died of frustration.
Wu Sansi: Wu Zetian's nephew, conspired to cause rebellion, but was defeated and killed.
Wu Yuanheng: A native of the Feng family in Henan (today's Yanshinan, Henan Province), he was a Jinshi in Jianzhong in the Tang Dynasty, and became the prime minister. The emperor commented that he was "a true prime minister." Because he was upright and offended the powerful, he was assassinated by an assassin. .
Wu Zongyuan: Born in Baibo (now Mengjin), Henan Province, he was a famous painter in the Northern Song Dynasty. He learned from Wu Daozi.
Wu Yunbu: A high poet in the Song Dynasty. He paid tribute to his hometown. His poems were deliberate and well-known. He was the author of "Lianhu Collection".
Wu Yuanzhi: A native of Beijing in the Jin Dynasty, he was good at painting landscapes and could also write poems. There are "Dongpo Tour of Red Cliff" and other works handed down from generation to generation.
Wuhan Chen: A dramatist in the Yuan Dynasty who wrote many dramas, 10 of which are known today. Wu Yuanzhi: A famous person in Mingchang period. He is good at painting landscapes and poetry. His works include "The Picture of Xiaoyin on the Lotus Peak", "The Picture of Fishermen and Woodmen Chatting", "The Picture of Traveling to Red Cliff on Dongpo", etc. Wu Zongyuan: A famous painter in the Northern Song Dynasty, he was good at painting Taoist ghosts and gods, and his brushwork was smooth.
Wu Zhiwang: A native of Guanzhong, Shaanxi Province in the Ming Dynasty, he had unique medical skills. He once participated in Wang Kentang's "Criteria for Syndrome and Treatment", compiled the "Jiyin Gangmu", and also wrote the "Jiyang Gangmu" .
Wu Yuxiang: Hebei native, founder of Tai Chi, a martial art in the Qing Dynasty. It integrates various sects and forms a self-contained whole, which is called "Martial Style Xiaojia".
Warrior Min: An anti-Japanese general of the Republic of China. The courtesy name was Mianzhi (1892-1941), a native of Huai'an (now Huai'an, Hebei Province). In 1937, he was appointed commander of the 169th Division. Two years later, he was promoted to lieutenant general of the 98th Army. He sincerely united with the Eighth Route Army and fought side by side to fight against Japan. In September 1941, Samurai Satoshi led his troops and died in a battle with the Japanese army. He was 49 years old. After Samurai Min died heroically for his country, the whole country mourned. Many places across the country held memorial meetings for him. The North China Edition of Xinhua Daily published reports, editorials and commemorative articles.
On November 29, 1984, the Shanxi Provincial People's Government held a burial ceremony for the remains of General Min in the Taihang Mountain Martyrs Cemetery in Changzhi City, and erected a tombstone in front of the tomb to commemorate the martyrs.
■Junwangtang No.
1. Junwang
Taiyuan County: King Zhuangxiang of Qin established the county in the fourth year of the Warring States Period. In the Qin Dynasty, it was equivalent to entering the area south of Wutai Mountain and Guanlui Mountain and north of Huoshan Mountain in Shanxi. The Northern Wei Dynasty was restored as a county, which is equivalent to the central Jin area between Danyangqu, Jiaocheng, Pingyao and Heshun.
Pei County: Emperor Gao of the Han Dynasty changed Sishui County and established it as a county. It is relative to places north of the Huaihe River in Anhui and east of the Feihe in the west, Xiayi and Yongcheng in Henan, and Pei and Feng in Jiangsu. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was changed to Guo.
Feng Yi County: Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty established Zuo Feng Yi, and the Wei Dynasty of the Three Kingdoms changed the establishment of Feng Yi County. The administrative area is today's Dali County, Shaanxi Province.
2. Hall number
Ven Xin Tang: Van Xin is selling firewood. In the Song Dynasty, he had good martial arts and good looks. His family was very poor and he made a living by selling firewood. Jinzu was guarding Benmen and went to the countryside to play. He saw Xingde selling firewood. He was surprised by his appearance. Seeing that the firewood he carried was particularly heavy, he left him under the tent as Hou Yu. Later, Xingde was captured by the Khitan during the battle. He killed the Khitan officials and occupied Heyang. Soon he surrendered to the Han and became the Yin of Heyang. He entered the Song Dynasty and served as the crown prince and Taifu.
In addition, the main hall names of the Wu surname are: "Taiyuan Hall" and so on.
5. Clan Characteristics
1. There have been many heroes surnamed Wu since ancient times, and the number of emperors in the world is number one. It broke the tradition of women not participating in politics in previous dynasties and set a shining example for future generations of women to participate in politics.
2. There are many officials with the surname Wu, most of them in the Tang Dynasty.
3. People with the Wu surname have mainly lived in the north for generations. 3. The characters of the surname Wu are strict in terms of generation and have profound meaning. For example, in the "Wu Family Genealogy" compiled by Wu Yimin, there is a line with the surname Wu in Zhejiang: "Good virtues celebrate beauty, and integrity is the country."
■Universal couplets for ancestral halls with the surname Wu
〖Four-character universal couplet in the ancestral hall of the surname Wu〗
Pingzhang has great knowledge;
It makes up for Gao Feng.
——The general couplet of the ancestral hall with the surname Wu written by an anonymous person
The upper couplet refers to Wu Yuanheng, a minister of the Tang Dynasty, named Bo Cang, a native of Taiyuan, and a Jinshi. Dezong thought highly of him and appointed him as Yushi Zhongcheng, and said to the ministers: "Wu Yuanheng is the real prime minister." During the reign of Emperor Xianzong, he was appointed Minister of Household Affairs, Minister of Menxia, ??and Pingzhangshi (Prime Minister) of Zhongshu Menxia. At that time, because Sichuan was not stable, he took office as the Jiedushi of Jiannan and Xichuan. He was honest in government, lived frugally, tried his best to appease the ethnic minorities, and had outstanding political achievements. Later, he entered the court and became Zhongshu to know political affairs, and strongly advocated the suppression of Wu Yuanji's rebellion. Xia Lian Dian refers to Wu Yuanheng's cousin Wu Ruheng, whose courtesy name was Tingshuo. He was an official at the time of Emperor Xianzong and was the Secretary of the Ministry of Household Affairs, and he also knew how to make imperial edicts. He is upright and upright, and he is an official who advises the emperor and recommends personnel. When he is put into great use, he will not be reused because the evil is too clear.
Xiang founding the country;
Qingyan Qiwen.
——An anonymous couplet for the ancestral hall with the surname Wu
One of the origins of the Wu family can be found in the whole couplet. King Ping of Zhou had a son. When he was born, there were lines on his palms that looked like seal characters "武". "", King Ping of Zhou therefore gave him the surname Wu, and he later served as a doctor.
Songshan Mountain is high and hidden;
Lianhu Lake is famous.
——The general couplet of the ancestral hall with the surname Wu written by an anonymous person
The upper couplet refers to Wu Youxu, a native of Wenshui in Bingzhou in the Tang Dynasty, the nephew of Wu Zetian, who was indifferent and had few desires, and did not seek official advancement. When Wu Zetian was in power, he asked to abandon his official position and live in seclusion in Songshan Mountain, wandering among the rocks and ravines. The clothes and utensils Wu Zetian gave him were left idle. Later, he bought fields and cultivated them, just like the common people. When Wu's disaster came, he was the only one who was able to avoid it. Xia Lian Dian refers to Wu Yundai, a native of Gao'an in the Song Dynasty. His courtesy name was Deyou and he called himself Lianhu Jushi. Deliberately reciting poems, every verse he wrote was often well-known, and he was the author of "Lianhu Collection".
Songshan Mountain is high and hidden;
Lianhu Lake is famous.
——The general couplet of the ancestral hall of the surname Wu written by an anonymous person
The first couplet refers to Wu Youxuyan of Tang Dynasty who abandoned his official position and hid in the sun of Songshan Mountain. The second couplet refers to Wu Yundu of the Song Dynasty, who called himself "Lianhu layman" and wrote the "Collection of Lianhu Poems".
〖Five-Character Universal Couplet of the Ancestral Hall with the Surname Wu〗
Songyin’s family has a long history;
Taiyuan Shize has a long history.
——The universal couplet of the ancestral hall with the surname Wu written by an anonymous person
This couplet is the universal couplet of the Taiyuan Hall, the ancestral hall of the surname Wu. The Shangliandian refers to Wu Youxuyan of Tang Dynasty who abandoned his official position and hid in the sun of Songshan Mountain. Xialiandian refers to the prominent family with the surname Wu living in Taiyuan County.
〖Six-character universal couplet of the ancestral hall with the surname Wu〗
Wu Ban still left a tomb;
The queen was named Zetian.
——A general couplet for the ancestral hall with the surname Wu written by an anonymous person
The upper couplet indicates that there are Han people engaged in Wuban tombs in Wuzhai Mountain, and there is a "Wuban Stele" recording the origin and development of the Wu family. The ancestor Wu Ding (see the introduction of "1. Origin of Surnames 3-①" and "The Ancestor of the Surname" above) was rebuilt in the Qing Dynasty. The Xialiandian refers to Wu Zetian as the empress of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty.
〖Seven-character Universal Couplet of the Ancestral Hall of the Surname Wu〗
The Lianhu Collection is a masterpiece of painstaking chanting;
Sincerely enjoy Songlingxia.
——An anonymous couplet for the ancestral hall with the surname Wu
The first couplet refers to the Song Dynasty poet Wu Yunbu, whose courtesy name was Deyou, who called himself Lianhu Jushi, and was a native of Gao'an. He paid tribute to his hometown and recited it deliberately, and every couplet was popular among the people. There is "Lianhu Collection". Xialiandian refers to Wu Youxu, a hermit in the Tang Dynasty. He was the brother of Empress Wu. He was indifferent and had few desires. Empress Wu was in charge of politics. Youxu wanted to leave his official position and live in seclusion in the sunshine of Songshan Mountain, just like the common people.
The pink and white in the Sixth Palace have no color;
The crown of all nations is not the crown of beauty.
——Anonymous couplet for the ancestral hall of the surname Wu
The leaves are reflected in the light of jadeite;
The staggered stone shadows are covered with hibiscus.
——Common couplet for the ancestral hall with the surname Wu written by Wu Sansi of the Tang Dynasty
This couplet is a couplet of verses from "Summer Tour to Shicong Mountain by He Shengzhi" written by Wu Sansi, a poet of the Tang Dynasty.
〖A general couplet of more than seven words in the ancestral hall of the surname Wu〗
The government started Kaiyuan and governed Hong Zhenguan;
The fragrant sword pavilion was used to benefit the state.
——Guo Moruo wrote a general couplet for the ancestral hall with the surname Wu
A filial son runs a charity school and is given military training by the emperor;
A heroine is in the imperial profession and is a famous queen.
——A general couplet for the ancestral hall with the surname Wu, written by an anonymous person
The land is as high as the sky, and the heroine wins the Tang emperor's career;
Next to the mountains and rivers, the Wu family village is left in Lizhou.
——Anonymous written by Ancestral Hall General Association with the surname Wu
■A brief introduction to the life of a contemporary general named Wu of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army
Lieutenant General Wu Changyou
Wu Changyou (1926-——) was born in Qinghe County, Hebei Province. Joined the Eighth Route Army in 1944 and joined the Communist Party of China in 1944.
During the War of Liberation, he served as company commander of the Central Plains Field Army. Participated in the battles of Handan, the march to the Dabie Mountains, and Huaihai.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he served as battalion commander of the Chinese People's Liberation Army. In 1951, he participated in the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea and served as Chief of Staff and Deputy Commander of the Chinese People's Volunteer Corps. After returning to China, he graduated from the Combined Army Command Department of the Military Academy in 1960. He has successively served as Air Force Commander, Deputy Division Commander, Division Commander, Deputy Corps Commander, Corps Commander, Deputy Commander of the Air Force of the Guangzhou Military Region, and Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission of the Air Force of the Guangzhou Military Region. Retired in April 1990. He is a representative of the 11th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and a member of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the Communist Party of China.
In September 1988, he was awarded the rank of Lieutenant General of the Air Force.