The eight major literary styles in ancient times are: table, explanation, record, inscription, preface, argument, biography, edict
1. table
(argumentative essay) memorial kind of.
Table, an ancient style of writing to the emperor. The submissions written by courtiers to the monarch in ancient China had various names. During the Warring States Period, they were collectively referred to as "books", such as Li Si's "Book of Remonstrance and Expulsion of Guests". By the Han Dynasty, this type of writing was divided into four subcategories: Zhang, Zou, Biao and Yi. In addition, there is also a kind of article dedicated to discussing government affairs, also known as "table". The basic characteristic of "expression" is "moving with emotion".
2. Shuo
(Argumentative essay) is an ancient argumentative style of writing. Most of them express the author’s feelings about one thing, one object or one phenomenon. The writing method is informal. The style of writing advocates freedom and liveliness, with ups and downs, and the length is generally not long, which is quite similar to modern essays.
3. Notes
(Narrative) Miscellaneous notes.
Includes:?
Miscellaneous notes on mountains, rivers, scenery, and personnel. Describing mountains, rivers, scenery and personnel.
Notes. Mainly chronicles, it is characterized by its short length and length of about a thousand words; it is rich in content, including historical anecdotes, relics, literary essays, short essays on characters, scientific novels, textual research, reading miscellaneous notes, etc.
4. Inscriptions
(Praising merits and deeds, describing narratives) are used to describe meritorious deeds or to warn and exhort. The words are concise, rhymed, and read sonorously and powerfully; the system is short, and the shortest one is less than a cross. , quite similar to the motto.
Inscriptions were originally words engraved on utensils and tablets in ancient times. They later developed into a literary style, words used to record facts and merits, to describe public records, and sometimes to warn oneself or describe merits. style.
5. Preface
(Narrative) Preface. In ancient times, each farewell was preceded by a poem or prose, which is called a preface.
The preface (narration) is a general preface, placed at the front of the book; the postscript is placed at the back of the book, that is, the preface.
The preface of ancient times is placed at the end. Some people think that the chapter "Zhuangzi: The World" is the preface to "Zhuangzi". As for the chapters of "Huainanzi: Synopsis", "Lunheng: Autobiography", "Historical Records: Taishi Gong's Preface", "Hanshu: Xu Zhuan", etc., it is even more obvious that they are all prefaces, and they are all at the back of the book. The preface to "Shuowen Jiezi" is also at the back. Later, in books such as Xiao Tong's "Selected Works", the preface was moved to the front.
6. Debate
"Bian" means to argue between right and wrong, distinguishing between true and false. The characteristic of this style is to refute a wrong argument or analyze certain facts.
Argumentative essays are argumentative essays, including philosophical essays, political essays, historical essays, literary essays, etc. The books of pre-Qin scholars can generally be regarded as collections of essays (usually focusing on politics). The earliest single paper is Jia Yi's "On the Passage of Qin".
Argument and debate means either expressing one's own opinions and clarifying a truth (argument): or distinguishing the right and wrong of things and refuting other people's opinions (bian). For example, "Huainanzi" is a discussion, while "Lunheng" is a discussion; "Guo Qinlun" is a discussion, while "Lun Heng" is a discussion.
7. Biography
(Narrative) An article describing a personal life story. Generally speaking, they mostly describe the life and deeds of deceased figures who were more influential and outstanding in history. Use narrative, description and other techniques to show the life style of the characters. This style of writing is used throughout history books.
8. Imperial Edicts
Edicts are letters written by the emperor to his ministers. Imperial edicts and memorials were originally letters, but because the supreme ruler in the feudal era was considered different from ordinary people, letters from ministers to the emperor were called memorials, and letters from the emperor to his ministers were called imperial edicts.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Ancient Style