1. The Shenzhou VII manned spacecraft was launched from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center at 2 1: 00: 04 on the evening of September 25, 2008, and astronaut Zhai Zhigang made his first extravehicular activity on September 27, 2008 16: 30, becoming the first man to walk in space of China. With the dream of China people for thousands of years, the dream of flying in China is becoming a reality step by step.
Some people say that as long as human beings have a certain desire, they will be able to conquer nature according to this purpose and idea. Please use your philosophical knowledge to evaluate this view.
(1) Practice has subjective initiative. People always have a certain purpose and motivation when transforming the objective world.
(2) People have the subjective initiative to understand and apply laws, transform nature and benefit mankind.
(3) Nature is objective and laws are objective. In order to transform nature according to certain purposes and ideas, human beings must recognize the objectivity of nature, respect the objective laws, combine subjective initiative with respect for the objective laws, and realize the harmonious coexistence between man and nature. If you ignore the objective laws and blindly pursue the conquest of nature, you will be punished.
(4) Therefore, this view is not comprehensive enough.
2. Material 1: At 2 1 on September 25th, 2008, the Shenzhou VII manned spacecraft independently developed by China was launched from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. The success of Shenzhou VII is the result of Air China's respect for science, scientific spirit, scientific concept, scientific method and scientific mechanism, bold exploration and innovation, unremitting self-improvement, courage to surpass and hard struggle.
Material 2: China's space technology has successfully explored a set of scientific management models and methods for major science and technology projects in line with China's national conditions, and accumulated important experience in organizing and implementing major science and technology projects under the new situation; Breaking through a large number of core technologies and key technologies with independent intellectual property rights and achieving a series of major scientific and technological innovations; It is proved that the plan, procedure and steps of China space exploration project are scientific.
Please answer according to the materials:
(1) Material 1 shows how China astronauts combine respecting objective laws with exerting subjective initiative.
The law is objective, which requires us to respect and act according to the objective law. China astronauts respect science, promote their work with scientific spirit, scientific thought, scientific method and scientific mechanism, and act according to objective laws.
② Subjective initiative must be brought into play in understanding and applying the law. Astronauts boldly explore and innovate, constantly strive for self-improvement, dare to surpass, work hard and give full play to their subjective initiative.
(2) The successful exploration of China's space technology reflects what practice determines?
Practice is the source of knowledge. The successful implementation of the space exploration project in China has explored a set of scientific management modes and methods for major scientific and technological projects in line with China's national conditions, and accumulated important experience in organizing and implementing major scientific and technological projects under the new situation.
② Practice is the driving force of cognitive development. The successful implementation of China space exploration project has broken through a large number of core technologies and key technologies with independent intellectual property rights, and achieved a series of major scientific and technological innovations.
(3) Practice is the only criterion for testing the truth. The successful implementation of China space exploration project proves that the plan, procedures and steps of China space exploration project are scientific.
3. Material 1: On September 28th, 2008, China astronauts returned safely after successfully completing their first space flight, and the manned space flight of Shenzhou VII was a complete success. The successful flight of manned space flight is inseparable from the rigorous and meticulous scientific style of the vast number of space workers. The flight technology of Shenzhou VII is very difficult and the state change is very complicated. In view of this situation, astronauts formulated specific organizational implementation measures and successfully achieved the goals of "accurate orbit entry, normal operation, successful extravehicular activity and safe and healthy return".
Material 2: The success of Shenzhou VII's manned space flight fully shows Scientific Outlook on Development's great strength in practice. The majority of astronauts consciously adhere to the principles of people-oriented, overall consideration and overall coordination, ensuring the efficient and orderly operation of all links, providing an important guarantee for the smooth implementation of the mission.
After reading the above materials, please use the relevant knowledge of materialism to analyze the reasons for the complete success of Shenzhou VII manned space flight.
Reference answer: (1) Material determines consciousness, which requires us to proceed from reality and seek truth from facts when solving problems. In view of the fact that the technology is difficult and the state changes are complicated, China astronauts have formulated a series of specific measures based on reality, which is also one of the reasons for the success of this flight.
Consciousness has a dynamic reaction to matter, so we should give full play to the reaction of correct consciousness and consciously establish correct ideology. Under the guidance of Scientific Outlook on Development, China's space industry adheres to people-oriented, overall planning and overall coordination, which provides an important guarantee for the smooth implementation of the mission and gives full play to the guiding role of scientific theory, which is another important reason for the success of Shenzhou VII. (If you use the key points such as "People can use the law to transform the objective world on the basis of understanding and grasping the law", you can add points as appropriate)
Variant 1: analyzing the reasons for the success of China's space industry with dialectical materialism and materials?
(1) Because we have a global concept and can do well in the local. The dialectical relationship between the whole and the part shows that everything has its whole and part, and the whole dominates the part and cannot be separated from it. The great cause of space flight is because these Qian Qian employees undertook the task of research and development, and gathered together to realize a great cause. (3 points)
(2) Because the aerospace industry is a systematic project, to succeed, we must master the methods of system optimization, especially pay attention to the order and optimization of the internal structure of the system, so that the overall function is greater than the sum of some functions. It is precisely because of the concerted efforts of various departments of Qi Xin that China people's lofty sentiments of landing on the moon for nine days have been achieved. (3 points)
Variant 2: What philosophical principles are embodied in the above materials?
The future of the development of things is bright and the road is tortuous. Realizing spacewalk is a success in overcoming difficulties and setbacks. 3 points
② Consciousness has a dynamic role, so we should give full play to the dynamic role of consciousness and consciously follow objective laws. Participants always adhere to the scientific and rigorous work style, ensuring the success of the spacewalk. 3 points
(3) quantitative change is a necessary preparation for qualitative change, and we should actively accumulate quantity. The spacewalk project pays attention to the accumulation of quantity and completes every design, product and experiment in a down-to-earth manner, laying a solid foundation for the smooth completion of spacewalk. 3 points
4 Cognition is repetitive and infinite: the spacewalk that human beings have carried out so far is full of difficulties, which shows that the process of pursuing truth is not smooth sailing. To have a correct understanding of things, we must go through many iterations from practice to cognition, and then from cognition to practice. 3 points
4. Material 1: On September 28th, 2008, China astronauts returned safely after successfully completing their first space flight, and the manned space flight of Shenzhou VII was a complete success. The spacesuits for this flight were all designed and developed by China people themselves. Students in Class One, Grade Two, launched a debate around the successful launch of Shenzhou VII. One party suggested that from "Made in China" to "Created in China", we should rely on ourselves and constantly deny the existing knowledge, so as to promote independent innovation and realize leap-forward development.
If you are the other debater, please use your philosophical knowledge to refute the other party's incorrect views.
(1) The diversity of the concept of connection requires us to grasp the internal conditions of things and properly use our own subjective conditions in the process of understanding and transforming the world; We should also pay attention to the external conditions of things and the objective conditions. The key to promoting independent innovation and realizing leap-forward development is to rely on our own strength, but we should also introduce, absorb and draw lessons from all the advanced scientific and technological achievements in the world for our use.
(2) Practice is the source of knowledge and the driving force of development. To promote independent innovation and realize leap-forward development, we need to base ourselves on social practice, keep pace with the times and keep exploring on the basis of practice.
(3) To promote independent innovation and realize leap-forward development, we also need to respect the objective laws and conditions of the development of things, give full play to subjective initiative, organically combine the two, proceed from reality and act according to law.
Suggestion: You can also look at it from the perspective of development.
5. Material 1: On September 25th, 2008, China Shenzhou VII space exploration began, which opened a new chapter in China's manned space flight. The seven systems of China's manned spaceflight project involve a wide range of disciplines and technology-intensive. 1 10 More than 3,000 cooperative units and hundreds of thousands of staff have undertaken research and development tasks. Thanks to the cooperation of various systems, China people's lofty sentiments of climbing the mountains and looking at the moon have been realized.
Material 2: Before the Shenzhou VII mission, the reporter interviewed the Shenzhou VII astronaut Zhai Zhigang. The following is a conversation between the reporter and Zhai Zhigang.
Reporter: What do you think is more difficult in the training of Shenzhou VII?
Zhai Zhigang: Two words-persistence. Training is monotonous. Training is very demanding, and every training is an assessment. We must do every training well, and we must stick to it.
Reporter: In terms of time and energy, have you had enough?
Zhai Zhigang: Full load, but not tired. Training still depends on your own adjustment and relaxation. If you want to get good grades, you must adjust your body and mind.
Reporter: Have you ever been discouraged when you entered the Shenzhou V and Shenzhou VI astronaut echelon, but no one went to heaven?
Zhai Zhigang: Some people will have this idea. Shenzhou V entered the echelon, and Shenzhou VI was about to fly. Shenzhou VI entered the echelon and Shenzhou VII was about to fly. Actually, it's not like this. The successful completion of each task is the beginning of the next task, and our achievements continue to accumulate to the next stage. Every time is a new beginning, and every time is a new challenge.
(1) Combined with materials 1 Analyze the reasons for the success of China's space industry with dialectical materialism?
(1) Because we have a global concept and can do well in the local. The dialectical relationship between the whole and the part shows that everything has its whole and part, and the whole dominates the part and cannot be separated from it. The great cause of space flight is because these Qian Qian employees undertook the task of research and development, and gathered together to realize a great cause. (3 points)
(2) Because the aerospace industry is a systematic project, to succeed, we must master the methods of system optimization, especially pay attention to the order and optimization of the internal structure of the system, so that the overall function is greater than the sum of some functions. It is precisely because of the concerted efforts of various departments of Qi Xin that China people's lofty sentiments of landing on the moon for nine days have been achieved. (3 points)
(2) According to the second material, analyze the philosophical enlightenment of Zhai Zhigang's words to his study and life?
① Quantitative change is the premise and necessary preparation for qualitative change, and qualitative change is the inevitable result of quantitative change, which requires us to pay attention to the accumulation of quantity and create conditions for the qualitative change of things. Learning is a process from quantitative change to qualitative change, which requires us to persevere, accumulate constantly, do well in each stage of learning, and finally achieve good results. (You should give full play to your subjective initiative and give points as appropriate) (4 points)
② Consciousness can regulate the physiological activities of human body, and high spirit can make people forge ahead. Lack of spirit will make people feel depressed and lose their fighting spirit. We must attach importance to the role of consciousness, the strength of spirit, establish correct consciousness and overcome wrong consciousness. Pay attention to self-regulation and relaxation in your study, and you will be energetic and comfortable. (4 points)
The development of things is the unity of progress and stumbling. We should not only see a bright future and be full of confidence in the future, but also constantly overcome various difficulties on the road ahead, bravely accept setbacks and tests, and strive for the glory of our cause on the tortuous road. In learning, we should establish confidence and believe that the future is bright. When encountering setbacks and difficulties, we should bravely accept setbacks and tests, sum up experience, learn lessons and make continuous progress in our study. (4 points)
The development of things is a process from quantitative change to qualitative change, and then a new quantitative change begins on the basis of the new qualitative change, and so on. Every exam is not only the end of the previous stage of study, but also the beginning of the next stage of study. No matter what our grades are, we should keep forging ahead and make persistent efforts to further improve our grades. (4 points)