In real life or work and study, everyone is familiar with those catchy ancient poems, which should be called metrical poems accurately, including metrical poems and quatrains. Do you know what kind of ancient poems can be regarded as good ones? The following is the original and appreciation of Liu Zongyuan's Jiang Xue. Welcome to read and collect it.
Poems
a hundred mountains and no bird, a thousand paths without a footprint.
source
Jiang Xue by Tang Liu Zongyuan.
Meaning 1
In the mountains, there is not a shadow of a bird: there is not a trace of a pedestrian on many paths. Thousand, ten thousand: empty finger, describe it.
Meaning 2
There are no shadows of birds in the towering mountains; There is not a pedestrian's footprint on all the roads. Two poems are about the empty and cold scene of heavy snow.
Explain
1. It is used to describe the cold and empty scene in winter. [Example] And their work is not easy. They have to buy vegetables, transport grain and coal from dozens of kilometers away. Especially when winter comes, the road is difficult. "a hundred mountains and no bird, a thousand paths without a footprint." (Zou Difan's Ode to Autumn Colors in Yumen)
Second, it is used to describe the desolate scene where there are no people, no birds and animals. [Example] They have a feeling that the ends of the earth have been abandoned by the hustle and bustle of the world. It is so desolate that there is a bleak landscape of "a hundred mountains and no bird and a thousand paths without a footprint". (Li Neng's Soldiers on the Horizon)
The whole poem
Jiang Xue
[Tang] Liu Zongyuan
a hundred mountains and no bird, a thousand paths without a footprint.
a little boat, a bamboo cloak, an old man fishing in the cold river-snow.
note
absolutely: none, no.
ten thousand paths: empty fingers, which refer to thousands of roads.
people's footprints.
loneliness: loneliness.
bamboo hat (su not Li): bamboo hat and bamboo hat. ("Gun", ancient clothes used for rain protection; "Dai", a hat used in ancient times to prevent rain. )
alone: alone.
Writing background
In Yongzhenyuan, Tang Shunzong, Liu Zongyuan participated in the political reform movement headed by Wang Shuwen. Because of the joint counterattack of conservative forces and eunuchs, the innovation failed. Therefore, Liu Zongyuan was demoted to Yongzhou, which is known as the "Southern Wilderness". He was called Sima when he was in office, but he was actually a "criminal" who had no real power and was monitored by local officials. There was no place for him in the government office, so he had to settle down in the west wing of longxing temple, a Buddhist temple.
Liu Zongyuan has been greatly stimulated and depressed mentally since he was banished to Yongzhou. He expressed his lofty and aloof feelings by describing the scenery of mountains and rivers and singing about fishermen living in seclusion between mountains and rivers, and expressed his depression and distress in political frustration. So, with a feeling of bitterness, he wrote this famous poem
Appreciation of the whole poem
This is a well-known poem written by Liu Zongyuan, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, and it is one of his representative works, which was written during the poet's exile in Yongzhou (now Lingling County, Hunan Province).
since the failure of the vigorous "Yongzhen Reform" movement, the political life in the Tang Dynasty has become increasingly dark and decadent, and those who advocated political reform and innovation have been brutally attacked and persecuted. As an active participant in the reform movement, Liu Zongyuan has even become the target of attacks by conservative forces. He was relegated to a distant and desolate Yongzhou, although he was named Sima, he was actually a "prisoner". During this period, the society in the Tang Dynasty went downhill day by day because thieves and ministers were in power. For an idealistic and ambitious poet, this can't help but make him feel depressed and depressed. In order to resist and dispel his depression, he created a number of landscape poems in his travels, which embodied and revealed his true thoughts at that time. Jiang Xue is his masterpiece in this period.
There are only four sentences and 2 words in the whole poem, but what is presented to the readers is a vast, spectacular, sad and cold picture. "a hundred mountains and no bird, a thousand paths without a footprint". This is writing a vision. Looking around, there is not a bird in the mountains in the distance; There is not a single figure on the criss-crossing path in the vast Yuan Ye. It's really silent! How could this be? It turned out that the poet described a snowy day in a cold winter, and the heavy snow covered the whole nature, including Qian Shan and Wanjing, leaving no trace of people or birds.
"a little boat, a bamboo cloak, an old man fishing in the cold river-snow". These two sentences are written in close range. It follows the first two sentences. Originally, the four fields were vast and covered in white, and neither a bird nor a pedestrian's footprint could be seen. In this silent world, people suddenly found that a fishing boat was moored on the vast river, and an old man wearing a hemp fiber and a hat was sitting on it, taking the snow in the wind and fishing there. What a novel and cold picture! What a lonely and lofty old man! What is he fishing in this snowy and chilly weather? It turned out that he was fishing for snow alone.
This poem seems to be purely about scenery. In the four poems, there are mountains, water, a boat and an old man, which constitute a wonderful scene of fisherman an old man fishing in the cold river-snow. The scenery of the characters is seamless, poetic and picturesque, and wonderful. But people take a closer look at the fearless old man who fished alone in the snow. Although the natural environment is so sinister, he still goes his own way and looks peaceful. Can't you see the poet's own shadow from him? In this old fisherman of "an old man fishing in the cold river-snow", the poet's depression and loneliness after his career was frustrated were entrusted, and his indomitable spirit was also shown. It has always been the ideal of the poet's life that Confucianism preaches that "the rich can help the world, and the poor can be immune to it." Now that he is exiled to the Southern Wilderness, although he can't make a difference politically, he will never go along with the dark forces, so the poet has created an old man who is fishing with a pole in the snow, making people feel that he is so noble, stalwart and different, so free and easy, and he is beyond the dust, which just reflects the poet's ambivalence of traveling around and seeking to be born instead of actively entering the WTO.