In the first year of Zhangwu (22 1), Liu Bei led an army to attack Wu in order to avenge Jingzhou and Guan Yu. Xun avoided its front, persisted in not fighting, and the two sides fell into confrontation. The expedition of the Shu army is difficult to supply, and it is impossible to make a quick decision. Coupled with the hot weather after the summer, the spirit gradually lost and morale was low. In order to relieve the heat of the sergeant, Liu Bei ordered the Shu army to camp in the mountains for the summer. Lu Xun seized the opportunity and ordered the soldiers to take a thatch with them. When they arrived at the camp of the Shu army, they set fire to it and launched a storm. The wooden fence and surrounding trees in the camp of Shu army are flammable, and the fire spread rapidly in each camp. The Shu army was in chaos, and Wu Jun even broke more than forty battalions. The success of Lu Xun's fire company camp decided that Shu defeated Wu Sheng in the battle of Yiling (the battle of Xiaoting).
Romance of the Three Kingdoms: The 41st time, Liu Xuande led people to cross the river, and Zhao Zilong rode alone to save the savior. But the Romance of the Three Kingdoms is a novel, some of which were fabricated during the Three Kingdoms period, and some of which are untrue. In the reflection written by Chen Shou, there are only these things between the state and Zhao Yun. Zhaoyun is a dragon, and Changshan is really a person. Originally from Gongsun Zan, Jun sent Tian Kai to refuse Yuan Shao, and Yun Sui followed and rode for him. The former Lord was hunted down by Tso Kung in Osaka, Dangyang, abandoned his wife and went south, holding his weak son, the late Lord, in his arms to protect Mrs. Gan, the late mistress, and no one was spared. Move to the general's yamen. When my ancestors went to Shu, why did they stay in Jingzhou? I will attack Liu Zhang first and call Zhuge Liang. Bright rate cloud, Zhang Fei are traced back to Jiangxi, set the counties. To Jiangzhou, send a cloud from the outer water to Jiangyang, and the light will be in Chengdu. Chengdu is determined to take the cloud as a general. In the first year of Jianxing, he was a general to protect the national army, recruited the south, sealed Yongchang Pavilion, and moved to the east of the town. In five years, Zhuge Liang entered Hanzhong. Next year, the army, lift up their voice by Xiegu Road, Cao Zhen sent all when it. Bright clouds and Deng Zhi refused and attacked Qishan again. Yun and Zhi Dou were weaker than the enemy and defeated by. However, they gathered all the people to persevere and did not suffer a big defeat. The army retired and was demoted to general of the town army. Seven years dead, chasing Shunping Hou. In this way, seven in and seven out should be fictional. In order to reflect the application of Zhao Yun, riding the savior alone should be true.
The partial formal idiom "Stepping on Poplar" comes from Yang's allusions. In the Spring and Autumn Period, Yang of Chu was good at archery, and he could shoot willow leaves within a hundred paces. Metaphor is good at shooting, but also describes archery or marksmanship is very clever. Language "Warring States Policy, Western Zhou Policy", "Historical Records, Zhou Benji" and so on.
The last battle refers to the idiom "the last battle" in China. In October of the third year of Emperor Gaozu (204 BC), Han Xin, a general of the Han Dynasty, led an army to attack Zhao, passed through Jingxingkou and ordered last stand, a soldier, to meet them. Han Xin once faced the enemy, there was no retreat, and he strengthened his soldiers' determination to win to the death. As a result, Zhao was defeated. "The last battle" is a metaphor for desperate struggle for survival.
& lt Gong Yu Moves Mountains is an ancient fable of China, which is selected from Liezi Tang Wen written by Lieyukou in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. "Gong Yu Moving Mountains" tells the story of Gong Yu's indomitable spirit, digging and chiseling mountains, and finally moving them away. There are two big mountains in front of Gong Yu's house, and he is determined to level them. Another "smart" wise old man laughed at him for being too stupid and thought he was no good. Yu Gong said, "I have a son when I die, and a grandson when my son dies. There are endless descendants, so why worry about digging rough? " Later, because he was moved by the emperor, the emperor ordered his two sons to move two mountains. 1945, Mao Zedong quoted this allusion in the closing speech of the seventh congress in the Communist Party of China (CPC), and reinterpreted it, giving it a brand-new era significance and becoming a portrayal of the perseverance and unremitting struggle spirit of China * * * producers.
< Dark Days > Shi Yi described the extreme darkness of society. It was dark, and the sky and the sun could not be seen. Chu Qing Pu Songling's Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio Dragon Boat Old Butler: "It's a terrible injustice to gut and sink a stone into the sea, but there are many problems with wood carving, so eastern Guangdong is particularly dark!" During the reign of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, Xu Yi county magistrate Zhu Hongxiang was promoted to the governor of Fujian and Zhejiang. He has been in Guangdong for less than half a year, which has made Guangdong province good and bad. However, before Zhu Hongxiang arrived in Guangdong, many business travelers here died, but the murderer could not be found, and all of them became headless grievances. For example: Zhu lost his master and servant; Wu lost his master and servant; Xie's men and women lost their lives. These people died because the murderer cut open their stomachs, put stones in them and sank into the water. It is said that upon Zhu Hongxiang's arrival, the city god decided that he was an honest official and told him that the above-mentioned murder case was committed by an old dragon. After hearing this report, Zhu Hongxiang went to Laolongjin in northeast Guangdong to catch the murderer. As a result, he arrested more than 50 boatmen. After the trial, it was found that they lured the guests to their own boat in the name of going on a business trip by boat, then put Mongolian medicine or burned incense to make them unconscious, and then started to gut the guests and sink them to the bottom of the water. These boatmen formed gangs, which made the local society extremely dark.
< learning without skill > hermeneutics: learning; Skill: Skill. The original intention is that there is no learning and no way. Now it means no learning and no ability. From the biography of Han Huo Guang. Out of the biography of Han Huo Guang. Source: The Biography of Han Huo Guang by Ban Gu in the Eastern Han Dynasty: "However, I have not learned the art of death, which is darker than Dali." There is no sound. Learning, the study of the five classics. In Shu, ancient books often spread false stories, but this shows that Huo Guang doesn't understand the politics of officialdom. Nowadays, many people don't learn the skill of ignorance, but understand it as a way, that is, they don't know ancient Chinese but want to learn from it. "Allusions" is an allusions of the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. General Huo Guang was an important official of the imperial court and won the trust of Emperor Wu. On his deathbed, Emperor Wu entrusted his youngest son, Liu Fuling (Emperor Zhao), to Huo Guang for help. After the death of Emperor Zhao, Huo Guang made Liu Xun Emperor (Xuan Di). Huo Guang was in power for more than forty years, which made great contributions to the royal family in the Western Han Dynasty. After Liu Xun acceded to the throne, she made Xu Fei queen. Huo Guang's wife Huo Xian is a greedy woman. She wanted to marry her little daughter, Cheng Jun, to be the queen of Liu Xun, so she took advantage of Xu Niangniang's illness and bribed a female doctor to poison the queen. The poisonous trick was exposed and the female doctor was jailed. Huo Guang knew nothing about this beforehand, but when it came out, Huo told him. Huo Guang was very scared and accused his wife of not doing such a thing. He also wanted to report it, but he couldn't bear to have his wife convicted. After careful consideration, he concealed this heinous thing. After Huo Guang's death, someone reported the case to Xuan Di, and Xuan Di sent someone to investigate and deal with it. Huo Guang's wife heard about it, discussed countermeasures with her family and cronies, and decided to gather people to plan a rebellion. She didn't want to reveal the secret, so Xuan Di sent troops to surround her family. Ban Gu, a historian of the Eastern Han Dynasty, commented on Huo Guang's merits and demerits in Han Huo Guang Biography. Said he was "uneducated and ignorant, and kept in the dark in Dali", that is to say, Huo Guang had no knowledge, so he didn't know the truth of the overall situation.
& lt fall in love with the country > comes from the poem of Li Yannian, a musician in the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty: "There are beautiful women in the north, and they are peerless and independent, taking care of the city first and the country later. I'd rather not know the whole city and country, and it's hard to get another beauty. " This beautiful woman is his sister. When Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty heard this song, he took Nana's sister as his concubine, which was called "Li Furen" in history. Li Furen is beautiful, melodious, good at singing and dancing, and is very popular with Emperor Wu. Later, due to his serious illness, Emperor Wu often visited him, but Li Furen always turned his back on him and did not serve him actively, saying that he was ill and haggard, for fear of damaging his beautiful image in his heart. After Li Furen's death, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty missed her for a long time. Bai Juyi wrote a satirical poem "Li Furen".
Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty lost Li Furen from the beginning. My wife refused to say goodbye when she was sick, and she was still alive after death. I can't stop thinking about your kindness. I have a photo in Ganquan Temple. What are the benefits of painting by Dan Qing? Don't talk, don't laugh, and worry about killing people. Also let the alchemist combine the elixir, the jade pot exploded and the golden stove burned. In the middle of the night, Jiuhua's account is quiet, and the soul is fragrant. Where is the lady's soul? Cigarettes are led to incense burners. Why don't you come for a while? Vaguely discernible melodies are still extinguished. What's the hurry? What is the delay? I don't know if it's right or wrong. The emerald moth is like a lifetime, not like when Zhaoyang is ill. When the soul doesn't come, your heart is bitter, and when the soul comes, you are sad. Backlight is not allowed to talk, and temporary use is illegal. Sadness is not unique to Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. It has been happening all the time. Did you notice that Mu Wang cried for three days and hurt Shengji in front of the heavy wall? Tailing didn't see a tear, and Ma Yipo missed the imperial concubine. Even if Yan Zi's beauty turns to dust, this hatred will last for a long time. Life is confusing, death is confusing, and the stunner is confusing and unforgettable. It's best not to meet the whole city.
& lt's hot > I feel very hot near my hands. Metaphor is arrogant and powerful. This idiom comes from a poem in the Tang Dynasty poet Du Fu's "Er Cheng": "The desire for power is suffocating, the self-immolation is pointing, and it is difficult to fill the valley." Lu Xun Ji's trick of axiom: "They are all professors of Peking University, and they used to live in Dong Qixiang Hutong, and they are probably people who opposed Peking University's independence from Zhang, so when Zhang was hot, Datong Evening News once called them' Mr. Dong Qixiang School'." "Hand heat" is often mistakenly written as "moxibustion can heat hands", so we should pay attention to it. Idiom: Li Longji, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, was a very successful emperor when he was young. However, Li was appointed as prime minister and politics became corrupt. In 745 AD, he made Yang Yuhuan the imperial concubine, indulged in debauchery, and his politics became more and more corrupt. Yang Guifei has a cousin named Yang Zhao. Because of Yang Guifei's favor, Yang Zhao also soared and established an empire, and Tang Xuanzong also named him "Guo Zhong". Shortly after Li's death, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty appointed Yang as prime minister and handed over all government affairs to Yang. For a time, Yang's brothers and sisters were powerful and colluded with each other, which made the court malodorous, so that rebellions occurred in An Lushan, Shi Siming and other places one after another soon. But at that time, Yang's brothers and sisters lived a luxurious life. On March 3, 753, Yang Guifei and others went to Qujiang for a spring outing, which was a sensation. Du Fu, a poet, was extremely indignant at the behavior of Yang brothers and sisters who only cared about their own enjoyment and ignored people's lives. He wrote the famous poem "The Second Way", which boldly exposed and deeply satirized the luxury and power of Yang's brothers and sisters. "But power can be as hot as a flame, burning people's fingers. Be careful of the Prime Minister and his frown!" These are two sentences in the poem. The meaning of these two poems is: Yang Jiaquan has a high status and great potential, and no one can compare with him; You can't go near, lest you make the Prime Minister angry.
China's idiom "call a spade a spade" means: call a spade a spade and have no scruples. From Liu Jinbochuan's book: "I learned from the past, but I only stole the present, so I dare to be crazy and speak out." In 383 AD, the troops of the Eastern Jin Dynasty were defeated by Qin Jun before the Battle of Feishui, and Emperor Xiaowu ordered Liu Bo to go north. Liu Bo is very ill and is expected to die soon. There is nothing he can do. Finally, he spoke frankly about his situation and suggestions for governing the country.
Use mantis's arm as a car > mantis raises its forelegs and tries to stop the car from moving forward. It is a metaphor for doing what strength can't do, and it is bound to fail. Source: "Zhuangzi's World": "You don't know that your husband is a mantis, and you are angry that your arm is a rut, and you don't know that it is incompetent." When Qi Zhuanggong went hunting, there was a bug, which was enough to beat his wheels. Ask Yu Yu: "What kind of bug is this?" He said: "This so-called mantis is also. It is also an ant, knowing what it is, not knowing why, underestimating the enemy. " Duke Zhuang said, "If you are a man, you will be brave for the world." Get back in the car and avoid it. Qi Zhuanggong was out hunting, and a mantis raised his foot to fight with the wheels of his carriage. (Zhuang Gong) asked his coachman, "What kind of bug is this?" The driver said, "This is mantis. As an ant, (that is) only knows how to advance and not know how to retreat, and rashly confronts the enemy without estimating the strength comparison. " Duke Zhuang said, "If this worm is a man, he must be a great warrior in the world." So I let the car go around, and later all the warriors went to Zhuanggong. Example of idiom: Who knows that although the belly is far from deep, it is neither humble nor supercilious, and there is no one around, but the face is everywhere. It can be described as "~, more than one can chew." ◎ Li Qingru's "Mirror Flower Edge" is the eighteenth time. Ceng Pu's "Evil Sea Flower" is the 24th time: "Since he wants to fight like a gladiator, why don't I fight like a rabbit in the whole lion and give him an enterprise with backward technology and management to compete with multinational companies with today's strength? Fight like gladiators. Idiom and allusion: When Qi Zhuanggong was hunting, a bug raised its foot to beat the wheel. Ask Yu Yu: "What kind of bug is this?" He said, "This so-called mantis is also. It's also an ant. I don't know after I know it. I despise my enemy. " Zhuang Gong said, "This man is brave for the world! "Enter to avoid it, and the warriors will return. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Qi Zhuang, the monarch of the State of Qi, once went out hunting by car. He saw a bug on the side of the road, and its front leg stretched out like an arm, trying to stop the turning wheel. Zhuang Gong asked the coachman, "What kind of bug is this? The driver replied, "This is a mantis." When it saw the car coming, it didn't know how to retreat quickly, but it had to stop it. It's really overreaching! Lord Zhuang smiled and said, "What a brave man! Let's not hurt him! " Say, tell the driver to pull over, get out of the way and walk by the side of the road. This matter, soon spread. People say that Zhuang Gong respects the samurai. Many brave soldiers came to him one after another. However, as an idiom, "a gladiator's arm is like a car" is not an excellent soldier, but a ridiculous figure who can crush his teeth. Idiom story: In the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a sage named Yan He in the State of Lu. He was invited by Wei Linggong to be the teacher of his Prince Kuai. Yan He heard that you are a brave man. After arriving in Wei, he went to visit the sage and asked how to teach Yi well. Guo replied, it is right and beneficial for you to ask the situation first, but if you want to teach the prince well with your talents, it will be difficult to achieve your goal. And further said: "You don't know if your husband is a mantis? "Angry at his arm as a rut, I don't know his incompetence, which is also the beauty of his talent. Be careful, be careful! " It means: mantis bulges its arms to block the wheel. It doesn't know that it is incompetent, but it really thinks this move is good and beneficial. Yan He! Your heart is good, but you act like a gladiator, so you should be vigilant! Be careful!
This story mainly tells you that in the Han Dynasty, another man named Kuang Heng was diligent and studious, but his family was too poor to buy candles. Kuang Heng has to work during the day and has time to study at night. Kuang Heng had no choice but to study hard by candlelight in his neighbor's cave, and finally he became a famous scholar by reading poems. In the Han Dynasty, there was a man named Kuang Heng who was diligent and studious. The family is very poor. He has to work during the day and can study at night. But he can't afford candles. When it gets dark, he can't read. In the evening, his neighbor lights candles to make it bright. I want to study at night, but I can't afford candles. Can I borrow an inch of your house? " Neighbors look down on people who are poorer than their family, so they say, "You are so poor that you can't even afford candles. What else can you read?" Kuang Heng was very angry, but he decided to read the book well. Kuang Heng came home, quietly chiseled a small hole in the wall, and candlelight came in. With this faint light, I began to read eagerly and gradually finished reading all the books at home. There is a big family nearby with many books. One day, Kuang Heng rolled up his bedding and appeared in front of a big house. He said to his host, "please take me in. I will work for you at home without pay." Just let me finish reading all your books. "The master was moved by his spirit and agreed to his request to borrow books. This is how Kuang Heng studied diligently. Later, he became the prime minister of the Han and Yuan emperors and became a famous scholar in the Western Han Dynasty.