1. Although a whole history has been fought above and below the city/Although Yanzhi was taken and returned again/There are so many joys and sorrows in so many passes.
2. The Great Wall is regarded as a witness to history, making it easier to express the author's emotions.
3. "Chile" and "Yinshan" are the poet's hometown, and the Yellow River is a symbol of the Chinese nation. This shows that the poet's identity Living in a foreign country, my heart is close to my hometown. The poet hopes to have a dream and use the dream to return to his hometown, but good dreams never come true because the deep homesickness keeps the poet awake at night!
4. Symbolizes the nation and motherland.
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