"The sun is rising over the sea and the night is lingering, and the spring in the river is entering the old year" means: the night is almost over, the sun is rising over the sea; the new year is not yet here, but spring is already appearing in the river.
"The sun is rising in the sea and the night is dying, and the spring in the river is entering the old year" comes from "Under the Cibeigu Mountain" by Wang Wan, a poet of the Tang Dynasty. The original text is as follows:
Ci Beigu Mountain and Xia Tang·Wangwan
The guest road is outside the green mountains and the boat is in front of the green water. The tide is flat, the banks are wide, the wind is blowing and the sail is hanging. The sea is full of sunshine and the night is over, and the spring of the river is entering the old year. Where can I get the hometown letter? Return to Yanluoyang.
Translation
Wandering alone outside the green mountains, alone in a boat among the green waters. The tide rose, and the space between the two banks became wider; a favorable wind blew, and a white sail hung just high. The night is coming to an end, and the sun is rising over the sea; the New Year has not yet arrived, but spring has already appeared in the river. Now that the letter home has been sent, where will it be sent? I hope that the wild geese will return to the north and be sent to Luoyang.
Notes
⑴ times: Temporary stay during the journey, here it means anchoring. Beigu Mountain: Located in the north of present-day Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, it faces water on three sides and stands against the Yangtze River. ⑵Kelu: the way forward for travelers. Qingshan: refers to Beigu Mountain. ⑶The two banks are wide when the tide is flat: When the tide is full, the water between the two banks is wide. ⑷The wind is blowing and the sail is hanging: sailing with the wind, the sail is hanging vertically. The wind is fair and smooth. suspension. ⑸Hairi: The rising sun on the sea. Health: rise. Can Ye: When the night is about to end. ⑹ Enter: Arrive. ⑺Hometown letter: Letter from home. ⑻Guiyan: The wild geese returning to the north. Wild geese fly to the south every autumn and to the north in spring. In ancient times, there was a legend that geese were used to deliver letters.
Introduction to the work
"Under the Cibeigu Mountain" is a five-character poem by Wang Wan, a poet of the Tang Dynasty. The poem uses accurate and concise language to describe the magnificent scenery the author saw when he was anchored at the foot of Beigu Mountain in late winter and early spring, including green mountains, green waters, flat tides and wide shores, and expresses the author's deep homesickness. The whole poem uses natural writing, vivid descriptions of scenes, real emotions, blending of scenes, magnificent style and great charm, and has always been widely recited.
Appreciation of the work
This is a five-rhythm poem. The poet uses the scenery to express his emotions, and meticulously depicts the open and beautiful early spring scenery of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. It expresses the poet's love for the mountains and rivers of the motherland, and reveals his love for the mountains and rivers of his motherland. The poet's sincere feelings of nostalgia also express the poet's thoughts and feelings of missing his hometown and missing his relatives.
This is a poem about traveling in captivity. The first couplet starts with a couplet, which is both beautiful and out-of-the-box. The title of "Qingshan" refers to "Beigu Mountain". The author is taking a boat, heading towards the "green water" displayed in front of him, towards the "green mountains", and towards the distant "guest road" beyond the "green mountains". This couplet first writes "guest road" and then "boat trip". The person's feelings of wandering and traveling in the south of the Yangtze River and yearning for his hometown have been revealed between the lines, which echoes the "hometown letter" and "return to wild goose" in the last couplet. . The tide is rising in the spring of the mandible, and the river is vast. Looking at it, the river surface seems to be level with the shore, and the vision of the people on the boat is also broadened. This sentence is written magnificently, and the next sentence, "The wind is rising and the sail is hanging", becomes even more brilliant. The poet does not use "smooth wind" but "feng righteousness" because "smooth wind" alone is not enough to ensure that "a sail is hanging". Although the wind was smooth, it was strong, and the sail bulged into an arc. This sentence describes a small scene that is quite expressive. The beauty is that through the small scene of "the wind is rising and the sail is hanging", the big scenes of open plains, straight rivers, calm waves, etc. are also expressed.
The neck couplet shows that the author was disabled at the end of his life and traveled all night. It shows the scene of boating on the river just before dawn. This couplet has always been popular. When the remaining night has not faded, a red sun has risen from the sea; before the old year has passed, spring is already showing on the river. "The day is born and the night is gone" and "spring enters the old year" all express the alternation of time sequence, and it is so hasty that it can't help but make the poet who is on the "guest road" suddenly feel homesick. The beauty of these two sentences is that the author has no intention of reasoning, but there is a natural sense of reason in the description of the scenery and seasons. The last couplet writes that the sun is rising over the sea and the spring is stirring. The poet puts the boat on the green water and continues to sail towards the guest road beyond the green mountains. At this time, a group of geese returning from the north were flying across the clear sky. Yan'er is about to pass through Luoyang! The poet remembered the story of "the goose's feet passing the message", so he asked the goose to carry a message: I would like to trouble the goose to send greetings to his family when he flew over Luoyang.
These two sentences closely follow the three couplets and echo the first couplet. The whole article is enveloped in a faint layer of nostalgia. Although this five-rhyme poem was famous at the time as the third couplet and was passed down to future generations, it is not just two good lines; viewed as a whole, it is also quite harmonious and beautiful.
Creative background
As a northern poet in the early Kaiyuan years of the Tang Dynasty, Wang Wan "experienced travels between Wu and Chu" in his life. He was fascinated by the beautiful mountains and rivers of the south of the Yangtze River and was influenced by Wuzhong at that time. Influenced by the poet's delicate poetic style, he wrote some works praising the mountains and rivers of the south of the Yangtze River. This poem "Ci Bei Gu Mountain" is one of them. This five-rhythm poem was first seen in the "Guoxiu Collection" compiled and selected by Rui Tingzhang of the Tang Dynasty. This is when the poet entered Wu from Chu in the late winter and early spring of one year, and traveled eastward along the Yangtze River. When the boat came to the foot of Beigu Mountain, the tide was flat and the shore was wide, and the geese returned in the remaining night. This triggered the emotions in his heart and he chanted: This eternal masterpiece.
About the author
Wang Wan (ca. 693-ca. 751), a poet of the Tang Dynasty, was born in Luoyang. He became a Jinshi during Xuanzong's reign and served as the chief registrar of Xingyang County. Wang Wan was a northern poet in the early Kaiyuan years. He traveled between Wu and Chu areas, was deeply attracted by the mountains and rivers of the south of the Yangtze River, and was influenced by the poets of Wuzhong at that time. He created some works praising the mountains and rivers of the south of the Yangtze River, the most famous of which is "Under the Cibeigu Mountain".
The two lines in this poem, "Hai Ri is born and the night is over, and Jiang Chun is entering the old year" were praised by the Prime Minister Zhang Shuo at that time. They were hung in the Prime Minister's Political Hall and became a model for scholars to study. Wang Wan also participated in the compilation of Jibu, and was appointed Luoyang Wei for his merit. There are 10 of his poems in existence, among which "Under the Cibeigu Mountain" is the most famous. Wang Wan died around 751 at the age of 58.