As early as 1988, it was listed as a national key cultural relics protection unit by the State Council. At the end of 2000, Xianling was successfully declared as a world cultural heritage and included in the United Nations World Heritage List, becoming the wealth of people all over the world. The Ming Tombs are the tombs of Zhu Youyuan, the founder of Ming Dynasty. He is a respectful and sincere emperor. There is no such person in the history of China, because he is the only person in the history of China and the history of the world who was ratified after his death. This is also the strangeness of tombs.
Although Zhu Youyuan was not an emperor before his death, Zhu Hougui, the Jiajing Emperor of the Ming Dynasty who became emperor after being killed by his son, not only regarded him as the emperor, but also built the largest imperial tomb for him in China history. In order to make the scale of the Epiphany Mausoleum surpass that of the emperors in China, Emperor Jiajing spent more than 40 years in office, spent more than 40 years in the state treasury and used tens of thousands of laborers to build today's scale.
It is also the longest imperial mausoleum in the world and one of the largest in the world. The Ming Tombs, the earliest imperial mausoleum in China, was rated as a world cultural heritage by the United Nations, while the Ming Tombs and the Ming Tombs, which we are familiar with, were included in the expansion project of the Ming and Qing Dynasties four years after the Ming Tombs became a world cultural heritage, mainly because of the obvious advantages of the Ming Tombs.
First of all, it completely preserved and embodied the feudal etiquette system, played a connecting role, and influenced the shape of the tombs in the Qing Dynasty. He is the most outstanding representative of the Ming Tombs, which has its own uniqueness different from other tombs: one mausoleum and two tombs are unique to the tombs of past dynasties! Without China, there is no second one in the world! The golden urn-shaped Outer Luocheng, the Nine Curves Royal River, the dragon-shaped Shinto, and the circular inner and outer Tang Ming are absolutely not found in other tombs. Secondly, the architecture of Xianling Mausoleum is based on the principle of China's geomantic theory that "the mausoleum should be commensurate with the scenery", and the landscape is regarded as an organic part of the mausoleum, with a unified layout.
The architecture is built on the mountain, and it is patchwork, which constitutes a genius masterpiece combining architectural art with environmental aesthetics. More importantly, the construction of the Xianling Mausoleum was the product of a major historical event in the early years of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty-the dispute over etiquette.
2. Has anyone written Zhong Xiang's composition about the Ming Tombs? There are many popular tourist attractions in Hubei, but the most precious are Wudang Mountain and the Ming Tombs of Zhongxiang. These are the only two scenic spots in Hubei that have been approved as World Heritage Sites. When I was a child, I was lucky enough to have been to the Ming Tombs, and I felt very proud. Let me tell you about this wonderful time!
During May Day, my family and I came to the Ming Tombs of Zhongxiang. After buying the tickets, we entered the gate-Xinhongmen. In front of the gate is Shishi Bridge, just like the bridge in front of Tiananmen Square. Dad said that because the Ming Tombs and Tiananmen Square in the Forbidden City were both built in the Ming Dynasty, their styles are the same. Through the ancient Red Gate, I came to a long road called Longlin Avenue. There are several strange stone statues on both sides of the road, some like lions, some like horses and some like deer ... At the end of this road are eight civil and military officials, four on each side, two civil servants and two military attache. In the middle of the avenue, it protrudes like a dragon's back and is long. Both sides are paved with pebbles, like Longlin. Imagine that in those days, the emperor must have walked in the middle and the officials walked on both sides. Longlin Avenue goes straight to Xianlingding, walks on Longlin Avenue, passes through a Gu Men, and comes to the site of Lingen Temple. There is a huge circular pond called Neimingchi, and the outside is called Waimingchi. Through the Lingen Gate and into Lingen Hall, the appearance of Lingen Hall can't be seen clearly, because it has been destroyed by the Qing Dynasty. Walk out of Lingen Temple and come to the Ming Building. There is a huge jade tablet in the Ming building, and the inscription is unclear. There is a long walking wall behind the Ming building, which leads to the back of Shuang Bao City. In tandem, Shuang Bao City is a round mountain peak surrounded by city walls. The whole Ming Mausoleum has been built for more than 40 years, and more than 30 kinds of buildings have formed a huge building complex, reaching more than 90 hectares.
It is a miracle that these buildings can be preserved more than 500 years ago. Nowadays, as a part of the World Heritage List, everyone should learn to protect it!
3. What kind of place is the Ming Tombs? The Ming Tombs are located in Zhongxiang City, Hubei Province, a national historical and cultural city.
Zhongxiang is located in the middle of Jianghan Plain and the middle reaches of Hanshui River, with vast and fertile land and superior geographical position. After the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, Jing (twenty-three sons of Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang) and Zhuang (nine sons of Injong) were crowned kings here.
In the tenth year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty (153 1), Zhu Houxiu, the Ming Emperor Shizong, named his hometown "Zhongxiang" with the meaning of "a land of geomantic omen and auspicious omen as a bell", and promoted Zhong Xiang as Tianfu's successor. Together with Shuntianfu Beijing and Yingtianfu Nanjing, he became the three municipalities directly under the central government of China and became the politics, economy and culture of Jianghan and Huguang. Emperor Jiajing reigned for nearly half a century, and Zhong Xiang built magnificent palaces and luxurious imperial tombs.
Today, a number of Ming palaces and mausoleums, such as the Ming Tombs, the Palace and the Xing Palace, still show the royal luxury. The feudal dynasty in China advocated "filial burial" and spared no expense to build huge tombs.
These tombs are the concentrated expression of China's soul belief in feudal times, which embodies the political thought, moral concept and aesthetic taste of a period; At the same time, it also reflects the economic situation, scientific and cultural level and architectural technology level at that time, and it is the highest expression form and architectural model of funeral art in China. Xianling Mausoleum is a typical ancestral mausoleum of Ming Dynasty. In the planning and layout, China's traditional geomantic theory is used, and the landscape around the mausoleum is the main element of the building. Buildings are surrounded by mountains and waters, which set each other off and become interesting, just like "the land of nature", which constitutes a genius masterpiece combining architectural art with environmental aesthetics.
Fairy has unique architectural techniques and rich cultural connotations. Its construction is the product of the great event of "Debate on Gifts" in the middle of Ming Dynasty, which is related to the social thoughts, beliefs and the fate of political leaders in the early years of Jiajing, and has great historical significance. In 276, there were 17 emperors in the Ming Dynasty. Except for the tomb of Zhu Yun, the second Huidi Emperor, which was lost due to the "Jingnan Battle", other emperors were buried in Zhongshan, Tianshou Mountain and Jinshan, Beijing respectively. Together with the ancestral tombs and imperial tombs pursued by Zhu Yuanzhang, * * has 18 tombs. These tombs are not only huge in scale, but also owned by the owner.
However, little is known about the Xianling Mausoleum built by Zhu, the first 12 emperor of the Ming Dynasty, for his father Zhu Shiyuan. The reason is that the "Gong Rui Xian Di" buried in the fairy spirit was not an emperor one day before his death, only a title, but no title.
However, the tomb rules, scale and luxury of Xianling Mausoleum are no less than any Ming Mausoleum.
4. How does the composition "Ming Xian Ling" end? One day in April, 2007, I set out from Chibi, the old enemy of the Three Kingdoms, crossed the Yangtze River, crossed Shashi, walked through Jingzhou, where Guan Yu had no intention of intervening, and came all the way to Zhongxiang City, Hubei Province.
Outside the window, many signs with imperial spirit disappeared, such as the words "Xing Wang Xian Fu" and "the hometown of the emperor". Five hundred years ago, it was once the dragonfly land of Emperor Jiajing of the Ming Dynasty.
No wonder the descendants of the emperor's hometown call themselves emperors. The word "Zhong Xiang" is also because Jiajing personally gave it to "Zhong Ju Xiang Rui".
Zhong Xiang, a predecessor of Tianfu, was as famous as Shuntianfu in Beijing and Yingtianfu in Nanjing at that time. Guided by the tour guide, I visited the Ming Tombs, a royal cemetery with a history of 500 years.
Under the shade of green trees, a corner of a yellow tile red wall stands out under the blue sky. Outside the red gate, the 3-meter-high Xiama tablet tells the story of the former dignitaries.
The word "the official is waiting here to dismount" is supreme. It was written by Yan Song, the prime minister of Ming Dynasty. I looked very carefully at this white marble tablet that has gone through hundreds of years, and the scenery years precipitated in the delicate white jade are faintly discernible.
Stepping on the bluestone road named Longlin Shinto, my steps are light. It has a long history here and I don't want to disturb it. I think there used to be a group of warriors wearing armor and holding axes and halberds; There are many elegant ladies-in-waiting, as well as twilight drums and morning bells ... The rough green slate is polished exceptionally smoothly by the reciprocating steps, and the grass in the gap is so green and so long in a sunny April day.
Indeed, as each season comes and goes. I don't want to count whether it is 998 1, although its number is related to the dignity and rank of a dynasty.
Walking through one forest road after another, crossing one white marble imperial bridge after another, my thoughts seem to have returned to 500 years ago in the crackle. 1522, this is the time when Emperor Jiajing, who indulged in metaphysics and ruled the country by art, reached the extreme.
Emperor Jiajing spent a lot of money to build this tomb for his parents in order to be healthy. Below the magnificent imperial tomb, looking up, it was in ruins and filled with smoke.
As soon as the arm is lifted, the anger of the world seems to have just gone out. On both sides of Shinto, ferocious military commanders, civil servants who are sure to win, and the avalanche of bears, tigers and lions can't stop Li Chuangwang's insurgents.
A botched fire turned a prominent dynasty into a wisp of smoke, and only the stone tablet engraved with Gong Rui Shengde fell to the ground. The green mountains and green waters on both sides should be what they were then, but in my heart, I miss those trees more and more.
There should have been many towering old trees here, which are flourishing and bearing heavy loads, but they are all gone, just like my ancestors. Leaving only Journey to the West, Water Margin and Romance of the Three Kingdoms, let me pursue their majestic figures between the lines.
= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = model essay, you can refer to it.
5. The address of Ming Xianling Mausoleum is located in Songlin Mountain in the eastern suburb of Zhongxiang City, Hubei Province. It is the mausoleum of Emperor Gong Ruixian and Empress Zhang Sheng, the father of Emperor Jiajing of Ming Shizong, and the most distinctive royal mausoleum in China for thousands of years.
Xianling was founded in the 14th year of Zhengde in Ming Dynasty (15 19). There is a long and narrow Wailuocheng Road with a circumference of 3,438 meters and a wall height of 6.
5m, thickness 1. 9 meters, red walls and yellow tiles, golden walls, winding and undulating in the mountains, magnificent, is the most complete existing city wall in the tombs of emperors in China.
Fairy spirits are composed of inner and outer Luocheng, front and back Baocheng and Fangcheng Minglou. Grace Temple? Enmen, Tang Ming inside and outside, Jiuqu Yu He, Shenlong Shinto, Old and New Red Gates, Merit Monument ... Many large-scale buildings, with ingenious layout, spectacular halls and exquisite reliefs, are rare all over the world, and are the treasures of ancient architectural art in China. The wonder of fairies mainly lies in changing the tomb into the mausoleum of Emperor, which is unique in the world.
You Zhu, the owner of the fairy? Qi Weiwang presented Qi Weiwang to Xing before his death and was buried in the mountain after his death. In the sixteenth year of Zheng De in Ming Dynasty, Wu Zong died. Because he had no children, he followed Mao's ancestral motto of "brothers and brothers" and wrote "The eldest son Zhu Hou? Peter, is it true? Hope? How tired are you? Hey? Apricots? Talk? Hey? How does it feel? Hey? Mechanical cavity? Hey? What is the burden? Quail dripping into the liver? Hey? ⒂ dream song ζ than forgive angel muscle? What's wrong with me? ⒔? What's the matter? Hey? What's the matter with you? Flash boat? What happened? .