-Appreciation of Wing Chun Poems (1)
Wang chuanxue
Spring returns to the earth, full of spring. In the spring when flowers are in full bloom, there is a natural sound that excites us, and that is the singing of spring birds. Spring crowing is one of the typical images of spring. In ancient poetry, the image of spring crowing often appears in poems describing spring scenery, which has become the crowing touch to express the poet's feelings.
Among the ancient poems that express the beauty of spring cries, the most famous one is "Spring Dawn" by Meng Haoran, a poet in Tang Dynasty:
Sleeping sickness in spring unconsciously broke the morning, and the chirping of birds disturbed my sleep.
How many flowers fall after a stormy night.
This poem was written by the poet when he lived in seclusion in Lumen Mountain, and its artistic conception is very beautiful. The poet seized the moment when he just woke up in the spring morning to describe and associate, and vividly expressed his love and pity for spring.
The first two sentences of this poem were written by a poet who didn't know it was dawn because of his dream on a spring night. When he woke up, he heard birds singing everywhere outside the house. The poet cherishes ink as gold, and expresses the vibrant scene of Chunxiao with only one sentence: "Birds are singing around". However, people can know that it is the cheerful songs of these birds that awaken the lazy and sleepy poet. As you can imagine, at this time, it is already a beautiful spring outside the house, and you can appreciate the poet's love for songbirds. It is this lovely scene of spring dawn that makes the poet naturally turn to the association of three or four sentences: I heard a burst of rain in the hazy last night, and now how many flowers are shaking down in the courtyard? Linked to the first two sentences of the poem, this night's storm, a gentle breeze and drizzle, sent the poet into a sweet dream and washed the morning brighter. But after all, I shook off the spring flowers and took them away. Therefore, the phrase "I don't know how many flowers have been folded" implies the poet's faint regret and infinite reverie about the passing of spring.
In the description of the scenery, the poet only chose the spring side. Spring has charming colors and intoxicating fragrance, and poets don't write about it. He just started writing from the perspective of hearing, and wrote sound of spring: birds are singing everywhere, and it's raining. Birds are euphemistic, sweet and beautiful. Add the word "everywhere", and the chirping sounds come and go, and the distance should be in harmony, which makes people feel at the end of their tether. Spring breeze and spring rain pour down one after another, but on a quiet spring night, the rustling sound also makes people want to see the misty artistic conception like smoke and dreams, and the new look of flowers after rain. These are just what poets hear indoors, but these bursts of spring sounds show boundless spring scenery, which leads readers to the vast nature and allows readers to imagine and appreciate the colorful spring scenery. This is to use the sound of spring to render the beautiful scene of outdoor spring. These scenes are lively. It describes the poet's feelings and shows the poet's inner joy and love for nature.
Re-reading the Song of Birds by the Tang Dynasty poet Wang Wei;
People are idle, osmanthus flowers fall, and the night is quiet and empty.
When the moon comes out, the birds are startled, and the sound enters the spring stream.
Niaomingxi is a place with extremely beautiful scenery. This poem describes the unusually quiet scene at night in Chunshan. The main idea of the poem is that in the silent environment, osmanthus fragrans (osmanthus fragrans in four seasons) falls in bloom, as if you can feel the silence of osmanthus fragrans landing. When the night is still deeper, the spring mountain with various scenery seems to be empty. As soon as the moon came out, light appeared, which alarmed the birds staying in the tree. They sang some songs by the spring.
In this spring mountain, everything is intoxicated with the color and tranquility of the night. Therefore, when the moon rises, bringing bright Yin Hui to this empty valley shrouded in darkness, all the birds in the mountain are startled. Birds are surprised, of course, because they are used to the silence of the valley. It seems that even the moon rises with new excitement. However, the bright moonlight suddenly changed the scene before and after the valley. It is also conceivable that the so-called "moon stars are scarce and blackbirds fly south" (Three Kingdoms? Cao Cao's "Short Songs"). However, Wang Wei lived in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, which was different from the Jian 'an era when the soldiers were in turmoil and even the birds and animals were restless. The background of Wang Wei's "A Bird Starts the Mountain in the Moon" is the stable, unified and prosperous Tang society. Although the bird is surprised, it is by no means "three turns around the tree, no branches to follow." They don't fly away from the spring stream, or even take off at all, but occasionally make noises in the Woods. They are not so much "surprised" as feeling fresh about the moon coming out. Therefore, if we compare Cao Cao's "A Short Song", in Wang Wei's poems, we can not only see the beautiful environment of spring mountain dotted with bright moon, fallen flowers and birds, but also feel the peaceful and stable social atmosphere in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Wang Wei likes to create a peaceful artistic conception in his landscape poems, and so does this poem. The word "people are idle" shows that there is no human interference around, the poet's inner peace, and the integration of man and nature is more prominent. However, the addition of moving scenery such as falling flowers, moon rising and bird singing makes this poem look vibrant but not lifeless, and at the same time, it shows the tranquility of the spring stream more prominently through sports. "Cicada makes the forest quiet, but Tonggong Mountain is more secluded" (Southern Dynasties? Wang Ji's "Into the West" contains artistic dialectics.
? ? In Du Fu's "Looking for Flowers in the Dujiang River", a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, the warbler's voice is very affectionate;
Huang Si's maiden is full of flowers,
Thousands of flowers bent the branches. ?
Butterflies have been dancing,
Charming songbirds sing freely.
In the first year of Shangyuan in Tang Suzong (AD 760), Du Fu lived in Chengdu, Sichuan, and built a thatched cottage on the bank of Huanhuaxi in the western suburbs. He temporarily found a place to live and felt more comfortable. In the spring season, he walked alone by the river to enjoy the flowers and wrote a set of seven-line quatrains, the sixth of which.
The first sentence "Huang Siniang's home is full of flowers" points out the place to find flowers. A "path" is a path. "Flowers are all over the path" means that many flowers cover the path and connect it. The second sentence "Flowers are lower than branches" and "Flowers" describe quantity. The words "pressure" and "low" in "Pressing branches low" are used very aptly and vividly, vividly depicting the dense, large and numerous flowers in spring, which bend the branches. This sentence is the embodiment of the word "full" in the previous sentence The third sentence "Linglian plays butterfly, sometimes dancing". "Linglian" describes butterflies flying around and reluctant to leave. This sentence describes the bright fragrance of spring flowers from the side. In fact, the poet was attracted by the colorful spring flowers and stayed. The fourth sentence "Jiao Ying just cries", and "Jiao" describes the softness and roundness of Ying Song. "Chen Wenjing Ti" means that when the poet came to enjoy the flowers, the oriole was singing. Just because the poet was happy, he took it for granted that oriole sang for himself. This is the same as the previous sentence, saying that butterflies are attached to spring flowers, which is empathy. Because the poet successfully used this technique to integrate things with me and create a scene, this little poem is more intimate and interesting to read.
During the same period, Du Fu also wrote "four poems", including "Crying in Spring":
Two orioles sing green willows,
A line of egrets rose into the sky.
The window contains autumn snow in Xiling,
Mambo Wu Dong Wan Li Ship.
This poem, with its vibrant natural beauty, seems to create a fresh and relaxed atmosphere. In the first two sentences, the poet described this beautiful scenery in detail from different angles. Cui is new green, which is the color when everything recovers and germinates in early spring. The sound of orioles gives people a crisp and pleasant feeling. In early spring, pairs of orioles sing on the budding willow branches. What a happy life! The oriole sings on the willow, which is the vitality of moistening things quietly; The next sentence describes the anger of nature with a more obvious dynamic trend: Wan Li is clear, and egrets fly in this fresh sky. This is not only a kind of freedom and comfort, but also an upward struggle, which means "up". These two sentences, with "yellow" lining "Cui" and "white" lining "Qing", are bright in color and full of vitality in early spring. The first sentence also describes the cry of an oriole, which depicts this vibrant and colorful image of early spring from the visual and auditory perspectives. This colorful technique has increased vitality. Furthermore, in the first sentence, the oriole sings on the willow, and in the second sentence, the egret flies into the sky, which opens up a lot of space. From bottom to top, from near to far, the vitality that the poet can see and feel fills the whole environment, thus showing the prosperity of early spring from another angle.
The last two sentences are mountains and water, as well as fixed thatched houses and walking boats. This is a landscape painting, which shows the beauty of nature and life harmoniously. Because egrets fly high, the poet overlooks the "Xiling" of "1000 autumn snows" by the window. The snow on the ridge is very old, so it is called "Qian Qiu". The word "Han" properly embeds Xiling in the window frame, becoming an eternal landscape painting. Because of the auditory image of "orioles singing green willows", the poet caught a glimpse of the landscape painting of "Wan Li boating". Although the snow in Xiling is far away, looking through the window gives people a feeling of being far away and near; Although Wu Dong's boat is very close, it comes from Wu Dong, which is far away from Wan Li, because it crosses the gorge along the river, giving people a feeling of being near and far. White "snow" and purple "boat", yellow of oriole and green of willow, blue of sky and white of egret are matched with each other, with different shades, alternating cold and warm, and colorful.
This poem is about scenery, and every sentence is full of emotion. The poet's same emotional tone makes two pictures with different colors and different atmospheres form a complete realm, which not only shows great charm in art, but also gives people a kind of enjoyment in aesthetics.
Meng Haoran, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote about spring scenery in Happy Wang Jiuxiang News in Spring.
In February, the lake is clear and everyone sings in spring.
The flowers in the forest were swept away, but the grass was still alive.
? ? Write that the lake is clear, the forest flowers fall, the grass grows, and everyone sings in spring. A beautiful mid-spring scene full of spring and vitality!
On Late Spring by Yuan Zhen, a poet in Tang Dynasty;
Quiet curtains are sparse during the day,
Double finches move dust.
Chai Fei's sunset was covered by the wind,
All the idle flowers are gone, and no one is seen.
Write about swallows diligent, sparrows fighting, the wind covering firewood flying, idle flowers falling, a scene of late spring. Swallow sparrows add vitality to the cold spring.
Spring can be seen everywhere in poetry crying to show its spring scenery. For example, Xie Tiao, a poet in the Southern Dynasties, wrote in "Going to Wangjing Town in the Late Mountain" that "noisy birds cover Chunzhou, and miscellaneous English is full of Fangdian". In spring, noisy birds are full of sandbars, and all kinds of Yuan Ye in bloom are full of suburbs, showing a vibrant spring scene. Bai Juyi, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote early spring in "A Spring Tour in Qiantang": "A few early warblers compete for warm trees, and whose new swallow pecks at the spring mud." Yingying is singing and swallows are dancing, showing the vitality of spring. Both the oriole and the swallow are messengers of spring, and the oriole sends the good news of spring back to the earth with its euphemistic and smooth voice. Swallows wear flowers and paste water, build nests with mud, and encourage people to start working in spring.
Spring birds are ruthless and their songs are pure and natural. But it seems that poets with different experiences have different emotional colors. The warblers in Tianya written by Li Shangyin, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, are eagerly awaited by the poet:
One after another, the spring scenery is unique in the world, and the red is growing westward.
Beautiful oriole, if you have tears, please sprinkle me on the beautiful flower on the highest branch.
At sunset, the poet was at the end of the world. When he heard Chun Yingge's cry, he felt faint tears in his voice. The poet couldn't help but say, oriole, please do me one thing: if you really shed tears when the spring flowers are in full bloom, moisten the flowers on the highest branch in spring for me-tell me stories and touch the unreachable person. This poem is about the end of the world and the end of spring. People have feelings and birds have no intention, but hurting spring hurts themselves. My heart is so sad, but my words are so bright, only 20 words, which means endless. Someone commented that when you look at a poem like Tianya, "You don't need to refer, you just feel a kind of affection between the lines." (Qing? Qu Fu's Poems on Yuxi) It doesn't matter what he means, you don't need to know; He's not interesting. It doesn't matter. He doesn't have to be pinned down. As long as you finish reading these twenty words, it is enough to feel that kind of heartfelt affection.
The birdsong in Improvisation in Spring by Li Hua, a poet in Tang Dynasty, has a profound sense of the times;
Grass grows at the foot of Yiyang city,
The stream flows from east to west.
The fragrant tree fell without flowers,
Birds sing spring mountain all the way.
This is a poem about scenery. When the poet passed Yiyang in the spring, he felt something about the scenery in front of him and improvised the melancholy of "Although the mountains and rivers are cracked, flowers fall and birds sing".
Yiyang, county name, is located in the middle reaches of Luohe River in the west of Henan Province, namely Fuchang County in the Tang Dynasty. Lianchang Palace, one of the largest palaces in the Tang Dynasty, is located here. Daughter Mountain is a famous scenic spot in China. There is an orchid goddess temple on the mountain, where ancient trees are flowing, birds are singing and flowers are fragrant, and the scenery is beautiful. This is a natural garden. It attracts royalty, nobles, poets and tourists to watch it every year. However, in the Anshi Rebellion, it was severely damaged and the scene was bleak. This poem was written shortly after the Anshi Rebellion subsided.
"Grass grows at the foot of Yiyang City", the poet stood at the head of the city to see the scenery, only to see a large barren land, until the director was full of lush weeds. Then, a stroke brought people's vision to Lianchang Palace and Daughter Mountain: "Water flows from east to west." In the Taiping period, climbing the Yuzhen Road that Wuhou and Xuanzong once walked, you can not only enjoy the beautiful scenery of "singing and smiling trees", but also see thousands of acres of fertile fields irrigated by farmers. But now, the cold mountain springs here are no longer irrigated, but let them flow from east to west. In the past, the fragrant bamboo, ancient willow, strange cypress and pine and cypress here attracted many tourists everywhere; Now, don't say that, even the beautiful spring flowers have long been appreciated. The emphasis on the word "no flowers fall" here shows the poet's feelings for the times, indicating that after the Anshi rebellion, no one came here to watch and had to let it die! "Birds crow in the air all the way to Chunshan Mountain" and Chunshan Mountain all the way can not help but make people imagine the beautiful scenery of birds and flowers everywhere, but the word "empty crow" has become a way to write sadness with joy and silence with noise, which fully shows the desolation of mountain roads; Not only have we never seen so many tourists here, but even farmers, woodcutters and village girls have disappeared. "Self-falling" and "empty crying" take care of each other and write how lonely the poet is in the face of great mountains and rivers!
Although the poems are written about green grass, fragrant trees, mountain springs and birds singing, they are all pleasant scenes, but these scenes have played a role in setting off the poet's bleak mood and fully demonstrated the poet's deep regret for the times.
The same deep sigh also appeared in Taicheng written by Wei Zhuang, a poet in the late Tang Dynasty:
Rain, rain,
The Six Dynasties were like dreams, with birds singing and flowers fragrant.
Ruthlessness is the willow of Taicheng,
Still smoke cage ten miles embankment.
This is a poem mourning the monuments of the Six Dynasties. In the first two sentences, the spring rain in Taicheng is continuous and the spring grass is lush. The story of the Six Dynasties is like a dream, with only birds singing, as if hanging on the head. "Six Dynasties" refers to Wu, Eastern Jin, Song, Qi, Liang and Chen, with their capitals in Jinling. The short-lived rule and political chaos in the Six Dynasties made people feel sad. The last two sentences contrast the desolation of Taicheng with the prosperity of willow trees, the sadness of poets with the ruthlessness of willow trees.
When poets mourn historical sites, they show strong sentimental feelings about current events. The poet lived in the late Tang Dynasty. At this time, the Tang Dynasty was in full decline. The prosperity of the past is gone forever, like a dream, and it has been replaced by the chaos of the people. Poets look back on the past of the Six Dynasties by hanging on the historical sites of Taicheng, and today people regard the past as the future. The fate of the Six Dynasties, which flourished first and then declined, reminds poets of the Tang Dynasty, cherishing the past and hurting the present.