In the spring of the fourth year, Teng and Shou Baling County. In the second year, the government was harmonious and everything went smoothly. Is to rebuild Yueyang Tower, add its old system, and engrave the poems of Tang Xian and modern people on it. It belongs to (zhǔ) to (yú) Write a composition and remember it.
Yu (fú) Baling wins the case in Dongting Lake. Swallow the Yangtze River in the mountains, and the soup (sh ā ng) is endless; It's sunny in the morning and cloudy at night. This is the grand view of Yueyang Tower, which was prepared by predecessors. But the northern martial arts, the Antarctic Xiaoxiang, and the poets who moved abroad will all be here, and they will look at things well.
If the husband (fú) rains heavily, even the month can't be opened; Evil wind whistling, turbid waves emptying; The sun, the moon and the stars are hidden (Yao), and the mountains are hidden. If business travel is not good, it will be ruined. Thin (bó) dusk (míng), tigers roar and apes crow. When I arrived at Dengsi Building, people who were homesick, worried and despised (j: and) were everywhere, and they were bleak and extremely sad.
If it is spring and Jingming, it is not shocking; Up and down the sky, a blue sky (qǐ ng); Sha Ou Ji Xiang, swimming in the brocade scale; The orchid of Zhi (zhǐ)těng(tρng) is gloomy and green; Or disappear, the month is thousands of miles away; Floating light and flashing gold, still shadows and heavy walls; How happy it is to answer the fisherman's song! If you go to the temple building, you will feel relaxed and happy, forget all the insults and leave the wine in the wind, which will make you happy!
Oh, my husband! Give (yú) a taste of the ancient benevolent heart, or do something different from them. What? Don't rejoice in things, don't grieve for yourself. If you live high in a temple, you will worry about your people; If you stay away from the Jianghu, you will worry about your husband. It's worrying about going in and going out. But when will it be fun (yé)? It must be said that "worry about the world first, and then enjoy the world." Hey (y: and)! Wes, who are we going home with?
September 15th, six years.
2. Translation:
In the spring of Li Qing's fourth year, Teng was demoted as the satrap of Baling. In the second year, political affairs were smooth, people were happy, and various waste businesses were established one after another. So the Yueyang Tower was rebuilt, the original scale was expanded, and the poems of Tang Dynasty and contemporary celebrities were engraved on it. Entrust me to write an article about it.
I saw the beautiful scenery of Baling County, all on Dongting Lake. It connects the distant mountains and breathes the water of the Yangtze River. It is vast and boundless, and the weather is changeable in one day.
This is a magnificent sight of Yueyang Tower. The previous account has been very detailed. Even so, most of the exiled officials and poets who went north to the martial arts and south to Xiaoxiangshui met here, and their feelings caused by natural scenery will probably be different.
Just like that rainy day, it didn't clear up for months, the cold wind roared and the turbid waves rushed to the sky; The sun, the moon and the stars cover their brilliance, and the mountains cover their appearance; Businessmen and passengers couldn't get through, the mast fell and the oars broke; In the evening, the sky was dark, tigers were whistling and apes were crying sadly. When you board this building, you will have a feeling of leaving the capital and missing your hometown.
I'm worried that others will speak ill of me and criticize me. My eyes are full of depression, and I feel extremely sad.
The spring breeze is warm and sunny, the lake is calm, there are no stormy waves, the sky is connected with the lake, and the green is boundless; Gulls fly and stop on the sandbar, beautiful fish swim around, herbs on the shore and orchids on the small continent are lush.
Sometimes it disappears, the bright moonlight pours thousands of miles, the fluctuating light flashes golden light, the quiet moon is like jade sinking into the water, and the fishing song rings when you sing and I sing. This kind of fun is really endless! At this time, when you board this building, you will feel open-minded and happy, and forget the honor and disgrace. Holding a glass and blowing a breeze is really very happy.
Alas! I have also discussed the thoughts and feelings of ancient virtuous people before, which may be different from the above two kinds of people. Why? It is because you are not happy or sad because of the quality of foreign objects and your own gains and losses. To be a high-ranking official in the imperial court, we must be concerned with the people; Being in remote rivers and lakes, we must not forget to pay attention to national security. In this way, I am worried about being an official in the imperial court, and I am also worried about being in a remote Jianghu.
In this case, when will they feel happy? They will definitely say, "Worry about the world first, and enjoy the world later." Alas! Without this person, who would I be with?
Written on September 5, 2006/kloc-0.
3. Creative background
This article was written in the sixth year of Li Qing (AD 1046). Fan Zhongyan lived in the era of internal troubles and foreign invasion in the Northern Song Dynasty, and the internal class contradictions became increasingly prominent, eyeing the foreign Khitan and Xixia. In order to consolidate the political power and improve this situation, the political group headed by Fan Zhongyan began to carry out reforms, which was later called the "Qingli New Deal".
However, the reform violated the interests of the feudal big landlord class conservatives and was strongly opposed by them. The emperor's determination to reform was not firm, and the reform ended in failure under the oppression of conservative bureaucratic groups. After the failure of the "Qingli New Deal", Fan Zhongyan offended the Prime Minister Lv Yijian, and Fan Zhongyan was relegated to Dengzhou, Henan. This article is about Dengzhou, not Yueyang Tower.
1, the artistic technique of writing
As far as art is concerned, The Story of Yueyang Tower is also a masterpiece.
(1) The grand view of Yueyang Tower has been exhausted by predecessors, so it is meaningless to repeat those old sayings. Fan Zhongyan changed a new angle, found a new topic and told his own story.
The title of the article is "The Story of Yueyang Tower", but it cleverly avoids writing about the building, but writes about Dongting Lake, and writes about the different feelings of the relocated poets who boarded the building when they saw the different scenery of Dongting Lake, so as to set off the so-called "heart of the ancients" in the last paragraph. Fan Zhongyan's ingenuity is admirable.
(2) Notes, scenery writing, lyricism and discussion are integrated into one article. Notes are concise, scenery writing is extravagant, lyrical and incisive. There are not many words in the discussion part, but it plays a leading role in the full text, so some people say that this is a unique argumentative paper. The discussion skills in Yueyang Tower are really worth learning.
(3) The language of this article is very distinctive. Although it is prose, it is interspersed with many four-character antitheses, such as "the sun, the moon and the stars are hidden, and the mountains are hidden." "Swimming in Jinli, Ji Xiang, Sha Ou." "The long smoke is exhausted, and the moon is thousands of miles away; Floating and jumping, still shadows are heavy. "
These compound sentence added color to the article. The author is also deeply honed in the use of words, such as the word "title" and "swallow" in two sentences, which just shows the vast momentum of Dongting Lake.
"Don't be happy with things, don't be sad for yourself", and the concise eight words are as inspiring as the motto. "Worry about the world first, and be happy about the world later", which has a rich meaning in just two sentences, and every word is powerful.
Full-text narration, scenery description, lyricism and discussion are integrated, and the combination of static and dynamic, contrast between light and dark, concise words and harmonious syllables make it an innovation of miscellaneous notes to compare scenes with couplets.
2. Notes on idioms in Yueyang Tower
1, "Worry about the world first, and enjoy the world later";
Worry about the world first, and enjoy it later. Metaphor is to suffer first, then enjoy.
2. "Bright Moon Thousands of Miles":
The bright moonlight shines on the lake thousands of miles away.
3. "don't be happy with things, don't be sad with yourself":
Don't be happy or sad because of the quality of foreign things and your own gains and losses.
4, "relaxed and happy":
Describe an open mind and a cheerful spirit: openness; Yi: Happy.
5. "The Weather is Thousands":
Meteorology: scenery. Describe a magnificent and diverse scene or thing. The scenery changes a lot.
6. Harmony of Political Style:
Political affairs are smooth and the people are happy; Describe national stability and people's happiness.
7. "All waste is booming":
Many abandoned enterprises have been set up again. Use "ju" to pass the holiday, and use "ju" to standardize the writing of word forms.
8. Hao Hao Soup:
Huge. Refers to the magnificent appearance of water.
9. It's raining:
Describe the drizzle.
10, Calm down:
It is the scenery of Yueyang Tower when the mountain is calm. Now the metaphor is to remain calm and stable in the face of turmoil without any changes or twists and turns.
1 1, A Blue Sky:
Green is boundless. Well, it's very extensive.
12, "An Zhi Lan Ting":
Vanilla on the shore, orchid on the mainland.
13, "forget it in shame":
It doesn't matter whether you are favored or humiliated. Often refers to an understanding and detached attitude.
14, Spring and Jingming:
Describe the spring breeze and sunny days.