A proverb poem about materialist dialectics 1 Idioms or proverbs related to philosophical dialectical materialism
Seek truth from facts
1 Matter determines consciousness
The world is material and has laws, so we should respect the laws and give full play to the subjective initiative.
Refer to this again.
Dialectical materialism holds that the essence of the world is matter, matter determines consciousness, and consciousness has a reaction to matter. Correct consciousness promotes the development of objective things, while wrong consciousness hinders the development of objective things. "Teaching students in accordance with their aptitude" refers to the implementation of different education according to learners' abilities, personalities and interests. Learners' ability, personality and interest are the actual conditions that exist objectively, so it is the materialistic truth that material determines consciousness that they decide to adopt corresponding teaching methods. Eating idioms slowly can make students taste materialistic ideas and lead to corresponding idioms: tailor your clothes according to your body; Adjust measures to local conditions (stipulate appropriate methods according to the specific conditions of different regions) and so on. What about man conquers nature? Man conquers nature shows the relationship between man and nature, but can man conquer nature? The determination of human beings to conquer nature affirms their subjective initiative, but to "conquer nature", we must respect the objectivity of natural laws, or we will be punished by nature. There are many examples in our real life. It can be said that "man can conquer nature" has its materialism and idealism. A philosophical analysis of such idioms will not only help students to understand the originality of idioms, but also help students to establish a materialistic realistic view in their thinking, so as to "rightfully" adhere to materialism and oppose idealism.
I saw it, but it didn't feel good. It's like dialectics.
2. Sentences about materialist dialectics
1, the lips die and the teeth are cold. It embodies the view that things are generally related. Things influence and restrict each other, just like lips and teeth. Another example is "the city gate is on fire, which harms the fish in the pool", "the river overflows and the river dries up", and "the mantis catches cicadas, and the yellowbird is behind", all of which belong to the same truth. This is contrary to the view that things are generally related. It doesn't see the mutual influence and restriction between things. It only pays attention to the immediate interests, but ignores the long-term interests in the process of successive development of things. Another example is "killing the goose to get the egg" and "destroying forests to cultivate land", all of which belong to this category. 3. Those who don't seek the overall situation don't seek a domain. This means that the whole and the parts are interdependent. You will lose the meaning of existence. Therefore, when we think about problems and do things, we must take the overall situation into consideration. Another example is "the country enriches the people and prospers, and the country destroys the people."
3. Idioms or proverbs related to philosophical dialectical materialism
Pulling out seedlings and encouraging others: to give full play to subjective initiative, we must respect objective laws as the basis; Violation of objective laws will be punished by it. 2 Waiting for the rabbit: mistake accident for inevitability and mistake phenomenon for law.
Seek the sword by carving a boat: deny that matter is moving, and don't know that absolutely static things are unavailable. As you sow, you reap: material movement has its objective laws; Internal cause is the law of things' change and development. 5. Do your best: we should respect objective laws and give full play to subjective initiative. 6. See the trees but not the forest. Go to school in isolation and look at the problem one-sidedly. 7. Don't venture into the tiger's den, you will get nothing. All true knowledge comes from practice. 8. Don't worry about anything. 9. Deny the objectivity of the law of material movement. Magpies are called happy, crows are called sad. Deny the objectivity of things. 10 suit the remedy to the case: proceed from the objective reality, analyze the specific problems, and use 1 1 Zhang Guan Dai Li, regardless of good or bad: obliterate the contradictory characteristics of things and confuse the essence of things; 12 white horse is not a horse: the sophistry of separating the relationship between general and individual, sex and personality, and playing with concepts subjectively and arbitrarily; 13 is the finishing touch: good at grasping things. Seize the principal contradiction 14: the fire at the city gate harms the fish in the pool: everything is interrelated under certain conditions, and the whole world is a universal organic whole, which collapses in the ant nest: the change and development of things begin with quantitative change, and when the quantitative change reaches a certain level, they will inevitably change qualitatively together: it is dark near Zhu; external factors are an important condition for things to change, and how to know whether it is a blessing or not; contradictory parties are in certain conditions. 18 gild the lily: people should truthfully reflect objective things and their laws, and avoid subjective assumptions. Arbitrary distortion.
19: It is absurd to think that subjective idealism determines objective existence. 20 Zheng people buy shoes; Sticking to the rules, dogmatism, and not proceeding from reality will eventually achieve nothing.
2 1 stealing wall light; The fundamental reason for the development of things lies in their internal contradictory movements, and external causes work through internal causes. 22 seek the end without this; Reverse the contradiction between primary and secondary, and you can't grasp the key points.
Pemphigus can relieve cattle; Only by knowing and grasping the laws of things and doing things according to the laws can we get good results. Listening to everything makes you clear, but favoritism makes you dark: stick to the dichotomy, look at the problem comprehensively, and oppose one-point theory.
On paper: separating the relationship between theory and practice, emphasizing theory unilaterally and ignoring practice. 26 extremes meet, to err is human: the development of things begins with quantitative change, which will lead to qualitative change to a certain extent, and contradictions will turn into its opposites.
Seeing is believing: practice makes truth. Guide the situation: follow the objective law of development and make use of it to achieve success.
Drop of water wears away the stone, leaves accumulate into a book: the change of things always starts with the change of quantity bit by bit, and quantitative change causes qualitative change. Tian Ji Horse Racing: Changes in the composition of things and the quantity of their permutations and combinations will cause qualitative changes.
3 1 cure headache and foot pain: only look at the part, not the whole, and look at the problem in metaphysical isolation. Knowing the laws of things, you will enter the realm of freedom from the realm of necessity.
A spark. You can start a prairie fire: the new things are weak at first, but they are strong in vitality and can finally overcome the old things.
Fishing with exhausted resources, killing the chicken to get the egg: ignoring the objectivity of contact and not looking at the problem from a static point of view. Say goodbye to three days, sit up and take notice: things are changing and developing, and we can't look at problems from a static point of view.
Teaching and learning learn from each other: both sides of contradiction have only unity of opposites. One careless move will lose the game: local connections sometimes affect the success or failure of the overall ideal.
A leaf can't see Mount Tai: when looking at a problem, we should distinguish between the mainstream and the tributary, otherwise we won't know the essence of the matter and draw a wrong conclusion. 39. The conclusion that learning is effective only by imitating the form and not by studying the nature of learning.
40 mantis catches cicada, yellowbird is behind: the view of universal connection is something we can't forget at any time. 4 1 Different people have different views, and different people have different understandings and reflections on the same knowledge object.
On the contrary, they complement each other: contradiction and unity are always inseparable. Ask firewood in the mountains and fish in the water: everything starts from reality and the specific problems are analyzed in detail.
44. Preventing micro-duration: The development of things begins with quantitative change, and the accumulation of quantity to a certain extent will cause qualitative change. 45. Many things grind: the development of everything is the unity of progress and stumbling.
46. Reading is like a book and writing is like a god: some results are caused by some reasons. Every year for 47 years, bloom has fallen, and people are different: everything is changing and developing.
Nothing can be changed. Worry about the world first, and enjoy the world later: the correct values of serving the people wholeheartedly.
It's hard to understand on paper, but never do it: theory must be combined with practice. One day, I will ride the wind and waves, raise muddy sails and cross the deep sea: if the general trend of things is forward, I will come to different conclusions.
5 1 The rambling grass overflows the plain and comes and goes with each season. Wildfire never devoured them, and they grew tall again in the spring breeze: the movement, change and development of things have their objective laws; New things have great vitality.
52 gold has no color, while white jade has slight defects: we must adhere to the dichotomy in everything. Shoot the horse first, catch the thief first, catch the king first: be good at grasping the main contradiction in doing things.
There are three or two peach blossoms outside the bamboo. Spring River Plumbing Duck Prophet: It generally exists among individuals and is expressed through individuals. 55 Handan toddler: * * sexual things can be used for reference, but we can't ignore personality, blindly imitate and copy mechanically.
Mei Xu Xun's Snow is three points white, but the snow has lost a piece of plum fragrance: Only by insisting on dichotomy and analyzing the particularity of contradiction in detail can we correctly understand things. 57 ask about the canal. Is that clear? Living water with source: no fruit and no cause; As long as things are in constant motion, they can keep their own existence.
Know yourself and know yourself, and fight every battle: always talk about two points and look at the problem comprehensively. Avoid illness and seek medical treatment: avoid and cover up contradictions and deny the objective existence of contradictions.
From one side of the mountain, the distance is different: people will come to different conclusions when they look at things from different angles.
4. Seek dialectical quotes, even if they are idealistic. Try to have literature.
These two sentences are two facts with slightly different angles. According to dialectical materialism and historical materialism, which are more mature and abundant than those in the Marne era, Engels' first sentence explains the historical state of dialectics from the perspective of social history, while the second sentence expounds the cornerstone role of Marxist view of practice in the Marxist philosophy system and the basic forms of human activities. Specifically, the fact mentioned in the first sentence is that understanding things from a comparative perspective is a rational habit of human beings and a thinking method close to rational thinking. For example, people often say that their wealth or ability is "more than shortage", which is such a view, but most people obviously don't understand dialectics. In other words, it is a common phenomenon in human society to deal with everyday things in a dialectical way. However, this behavior belongs to the unconscious. Even when philosophy became a "school of thought" (advanced knowledge) and logic (founded by Aristotle) was established in Europe, people did not regard dialectical method as the basic thinking method, because it is generally believed that philosophy, as a thoughtful knowledge, is bound to go to a single extreme, and dialectics, as a harmonious thinking method, often confuses the audience and interferes with the thinking direction, which is a sophistry. You can't log in to the elegant hall. It was not until the end of German classical philosophy that this phenomenon was ended. The difference between German classical philosophers and other contemporary philosophers is that they regard contradiction as the basic motive force of the development of things and the basic method of analyzing the state of things, and regard these as a habit. This habit made brilliant achievements in Hegel, and dialectics was named by Hegel. Since then, mankind has discovered a new epistemology, which can keep pace with metaphysics. Therefore, Germany has become the holy land of modern world philosophy. As for the second sentence, it contains the following three reasons: first, theoretical things will be subject to the reality of practice and cannot surpass the reality of practice, which is the basic idea of materialism; Second, theoretical things must be tested by practice before they can become truth, which is reflected in the original words because Engels unified the degree of human changing nature with the degree of human intellectual development; Third, the basic form of human activities is to change nature, and human spiritual activities belong to the second form, which is also the basic idea of materialism. As for the explanation of these three truths, I won't say it. They are common in general university textbooks. The above is my humble opinion on these two sentences, I hope it will help you. Sorry to say, there is still a lot to say, which is not concise. However, at least they are original.
5. What are the famous sayings about materialism?
1. Yuan Qi is the theme that constitutes the world. -ancient naive materialism, China
2. Heaven and earth create everything together, and Yin and Yang change again and again. -Xunzi
Heaven is always there, not for Yao's survival, not for Jie's death. -Xunzi
4. Heaven and earth are in harmony, and everything is born by itself. —— Wang Chong
5. One day, one place, everything is born, and everything is born. —— Wang Chong
6. "Too empty is qi" and "everything can be shaped"; Everything is like this; Everything is anger. "-Zhang zai
7. The five elements of Qi, Heaven and Man intersect and win. -Liu Yuxi
8. Water is the starting point of everything. -Thales, Ancient Greece
9. Everything originates from fire, and it is also destroyed by fire and belongs to fire. -Heraclitus in ancient Greece
10. Atoms are the same foundation of the world-Park Jung-soo, an ancient Greek Democrat
1 1. —— Wang Chong
12. Don't learn to know yourself, don't ask yourself, act in ancient and modern times, and have nothing. —— Wang Chong
13. heaven and earth create everything together, and yin and yang change again and again. -Xunzi
14. There is no single fire in the world, and there is no essence in the world. —— Wang Chong
15. Angry people are justified. —— Wang Fuzhi
16. Style means spirit, while style means no spirit. Form is the essence of God, and God is the application of form. -Fan Zhen.
17. Water is the source of everything. -Thales
18. People worry when they are sick, and fear is a ghost. —— Wang Chong
19. This world is an eternal living fire, which burns and goes out according to the law. Heraclitus
20. I am willing to stamp with blood to ensure that the world is material. Feuerbach
Materialism: the fundamental view of materialism is to admit that the essence of the world is matter, and there is matter in the world before consciousness. Matter determines consciousness, and consciousness is the reflection of matter. Contrary to materialism, the fundamental view of idealism is that the essence of the world is consciousness, not matter determines consciousness, but consciousness determines matter.
The fundamental difference between materialism and idealism is formed around the relationship between matter and consciousness. The relationship between matter and consciousness is the basic question of philosophy, which is not only an inevitable question of all philosophies, but also a question that all philosophies must answer first. Which is the origin of matter or consciousness, who decides who, is the most important aspect of the basic question of philosophy. Different philosophies have different nature in answering this aspect. The basic problem of philosophy is also the basic problem in practical work. To truly recognize that matter is the source and matter determines consciousness is to persist in proceeding from reality in practical work and make the subjective conform to the objective.
The development of materialism
naive materialism
Also known as spontaneous materialism. Slave society and feudal society developed in ancient times. In its primary stage, it is very natural to regard natural phenomena as the unity of infinite diversity and look for this unity in things with fixed shapes and special things. For example, Thales, an ancient Greek philosopher, believed that everything originated from water and returned to it after various changes. Simple materialism is often combined with simple dialectics. When China's ancient materialism regarded the five elements as the origin of the world, it also used the relationship between the five elements to explain the connection and development of the world. Naive materialism is a theoretical generalization based on intuitive experience and superficial understanding of nature, which lacks certain scientific argumentation and strict logical system and contains some speculative elements. Therefore, it is intuitive.
Please list idioms (or aphorisms, epigrams, poems, etc.). ) contains materialist dialectics.
1, cold lips and teeth.
It embodies the view that things are generally related. Things interact and restrict each other within and between things, just like lips and teeth.
Another example is "the city gate is on fire, which harms the fish in the pool", "the river is full, and the river is dry without water", "the mantis catches cicadas, and the yellowbird is behind" and so on. 2. Tired fish.
It goes against the view that things are generally related. I can't see the mutual influence and restriction between things.
Only pay attention to the immediate interests, ignoring the long-term interests of the successive development process of things. Another example is "killing the goose that lays the golden egg" and "destroying forests to cultivate land", all of which fall into this category.
3. Those who do not seek the overall situation will not seek a domain. This means that the whole and the part are interdependent and inseparable.
The part cannot be divorced from the whole, otherwise it will lose its meaning of existence. Therefore, when thinking and doing things, we must take the overall situation into consideration.
Another example is "the prosperity of the country is the prosperity of the family, and the death of the country is the death of the family." 4, one careless move, all bets are off.
This means that the whole and the parts are inseparable. We should not only take the overall situation into consideration, but also ignore the influence of local connections on the whole. Otherwise, local failure often leads to global failure.
For another example, "a mouse killed a pot of porridge" also means this. 5 ask about the canal. Is that clear? Living water with source: no fruit and no cause; Things can only exist for six days in constant motion, which is impressive: things are changing and developing, and we can't look at problems from a static point of view.
The endless grass on the plain comes and goes with each season. Wildfire never devoured them, and they grew tall again in the spring breeze: the movement, change and development of things have their objective laws; New things have great vitality and will surely overcome old things.
8 look at the fate. It violates the objectivity of connection, drags two unrelated things together and fabricates a kind of "connection".
For another example, "magpies report good news, crows report bad news" and "comets, ominous photos" all belong to this category. 9. Don't say goodbye for three days.
This means that things are changing and developing. You can't look at people and things around you with the same eyes.
Another example is that "the afterlife is terrible", "the latecomers come first" and Han Fei's "the world is different, things are different, things are waiting for change" all contain the view of development. 10, so rest on its laurels.
This goes against the concept of development. We can't see the change and development of things, but look at things from a static point of view.
Another example is "following the old rules", "sticking to the old rules", "not daring to cross the line" and Dong Zhongshu's "Tao originated from heaven, and the sky remains unchanged, and the Tao remains unchanged". 1 1 Tian Ji Horse Racing: The composition of things and the quantitative changes in their arrangement and combination will lead to qualitative changes. 46666.6666666666 1
It embodies the principle of the relationship between quantitative change and qualitative change, that is, the accumulation of quantity to a certain extent will cause qualitative change. Another example is, "If you don't accumulate a step, you can't travel thousands of miles", "If you don't accumulate a small stream, you can't become a river and a sea", and "If you don't give up, you can carve a stone". , the embankment of a thousand miles, collapsed in the ant nest, belong to the same principle.
13, don't be evil, don't be good. Explain that in the relationship between quantitative change and qualitative change, we should distinguish right from wrong, distinguish good from evil, and weigh the interests.
Useful things should persist and promote their qualitative change; Harmful things should be prevented from being delayed and transformed. 14 extremes meet: the development of things begins with quantitative change, which will lead to qualitative change to a certain extent, and contradiction will become its opposite.
15, enough is enough. It embodies the principle of moderation.
Because only within a certain range and limit can things keep their original nature, when we need to keep the nature of things stable, we must control the quantitative change within a certain limit, which is to grasp the size and adhere to moderation. Another example is that "going too far is too late" and "extremes meet" all say that we should adhere to the principle of moderation.
16, a single spark can start a prairie fire. It shows that although the new thing is weak at first, it conforms to the development law of objective things, has strong vitality and broad development prospects, so it will inevitably defeat the old thing in the end.
For another example, "Qian Fan is on the edge of a sunken ship and Wan Muchun is in front of a sick tree" is also a metaphor for the invincible new things. As the tree, so the fruit.
Explain an inevitable connection in the inheritance of things, namely regularity. Explain that internal factors are the basis for things to change.
For another example, the proverb "The dragon gives birth to the dragon, the phoenix gives birth to the phoenix, and the son born to the mouse can make holes" also illustrates this truth. 18, near Zhu Zhechi, near Mohe.
Explain that the external environment has an important influence on the development of things, that is, external factors (external relations and external contradictions) are the conditions for things to change. For another example, "the power of an example is infinite", "a famous teacher makes a noble apprentice" and "a buddy kills people with loyalty" all illustrate the role of external factors.
19, the master leads the door, and the learning skills are personal. Explain that external factors work through internal factors.
No matter how big the external factors are, they also work through internal factors. Otherwise, no matter how skilled a craftsman is, it is difficult to carve a rotten piece of wood.
19. As you sow, you reap: material movement has its laws; Internal cause is the basis of things change. Tailor-made, suit the remedy to the case: from the objective reality, concrete analysis of specific problems.
2 1 Zhang Guan Dai Li, regardless of good or bad: obliterate the contradictory characteristics of things and confuse the essence of things. White horse is not a horse: sophistry that separates the relationship between general and individual, sex and personality, and plays with concepts subjectively and arbitrarily.
Make the finishing point: be good at grasping the key points and main contradictions when doing things. 24. Near Zhu Zhechi, near Mexico is black. External factors are important conditions for the development of things. 25. A blessing in disguise is a blessing in disguise. Contradictory parties can transform each other under certain conditions. 26. Steal light from the wall. The fundamental reason for the development of things lies in their internal contradictory movements. Seek the end at the expense of the root: reverse the contradiction between primary and secondary, and fail to grasp the key points.
Know yourself and know yourself, and fight every battle: adhere to the two-point theory and look at the problem comprehensively. Treat headache and foot pain: only look at the part, not the whole, and look at the problem in metaphysical isolation.
There is an answer: if you know the laws of things, you will enter the kingdom of freedom from the kingdom of necessity. 3 1 Handan toddler: * * sexual things can be used for reference, but we must not blindly imitate and copy mechanically regardless of personality.
A single spark can start a prairie fire; The new thing is weak at first, but it has strong vitality and can finally overcome the old thing. Teaching and learning learn from each other: the two sides of contradiction are both opposite and unified.
A leaf can't see Mount Tai: you should distinguish the mainstream from the tributaries, otherwise you won't know the essence of things.
7. Idioms that can reflect materialist dialectics
It is the connection and development of the new and the old, that is, the new and the old, good luck in the snow, the blind touching the elephant, sitting in the well watching the sky, vicissitudes of life 1.
Explanation: When people breathe, they spit out polluted air and breathe in fresh air. Now it is often used to describe abandoning the old and the bad and absorbing the new and the good.
Said by: Zhuangzi deliberately: "Breathe, spit out the old and get new." Inhale, exhale and accept the new.
2, Xue Ruizhao Feng Nian: Things are generally related. Commentary: Rui: Geely's.
The timely winter snow indicates that the coming year will be a bumper harvest year. From: Qu Bo's "Bridge Dragon Label" XIX: "As the saying goes, there must be a good harvest in snow, and the wheat will be harvested next year."
3, the blind touch the elephant: judge things with one-sided understanding or local experience, with partiality. Interpretation: It is a metaphor for guessing at random, trying to make a comprehensive judgment only based on one-sided understanding or partial experience.
From: Nirvana Sutra 32: "Those who touch their teeth are like reed roots, those who touch their ears are like dustpans, those who touch their noses are like stones, those who touch their feet are like pestles, those who touch their feet are like wooden mortars, those who touch their ridges are like beds, those who touch their bellies are like altars, and those who touch their tails are like jars." When it touches the teeth, it is said that it looks like reed root; When it touches the abdomen, it looks like a dustpan; It looks like a pestle when it touches the nose; When it touches the foot, it looks like a wooden mortar; When it touches the spine, it looks like a bed; When it hits the abdomen, it looks like an urn; It looks like a rope when it touches its tail.
4, sit on the well and watch the sky: with the wrong view of partiality. Explanation: Sit at the bottom of the well and watch the sky.
Metaphor is small in vision and little in knowledge. From: Tang Hanyu's The Original Road: "Look at the sky from a well and say that the sky is not small."
Sit at the bottom of the well and observe the sky, saying that the sky is small, but it is not. 5, vicissitudes of life: fighting and shifting stars; Natural selection: everything in the world is changing and developing, and we can't look at the problem from a static point of view.
Description: Sangtian: Farmland. The sea becomes a mulberry field, and the mulberry field becomes the sea.
Things have changed a lot. Said by: Jin's Biography of Magu Fairy: "Magu talks about Yun Qi and regards the East China Sea as a mulberry field."
Ma Gu herself said that since her service, three mulberry fields have been discovered in the East China Sea.