Qingpingle country house
Song Xin qi Ji
The thatched roof of the hut is low and small, and the stream is covered with green grass.
When you are drunk, your voice is charming and your hair is white.
The eldest son is weeding in the bean field on the east side of the stream, and the second son is busy knitting chicken cages.
I like children and scoundrels best, lying on the head of the stream peeling lotus flowers.
Brief analysis
Since Xin Qiji always insisted on patriotism and resistance to gold, he has been rejected and hit by the ruling capitulators since he returned to the south. Since the age of forty-three, he has not been in office for a long time, so that he has lived in Xinzhou, Jiangxi (now Shangrao, Jiangxi) for twenty years. Having lived in the countryside for a long time, the author knows more about rural life and has more contact with farmers. Therefore, some of Jia's works reflect rural life. Among them, there are landscape paintings and rural genre paintings. This song "Qingping Music" is a colorful rural genre painting.
The first part outlines the environment and sets off the atmosphere. At first, Mao Yan, Shangxi and Caodi were marked by sketching, and the characteristics of rural areas in the south of the Yangtze River were vividly portrayed with only a few strokes, which arranged a broad background for the appearance of the characters. The old people and old women who appeared in those three or four sentences were slightly drunk and became more gentle and charming, but when they came to them, they found that they were not young people, but gray-haired old people. ? Quot drunk ",we can see the peaceful life of the elderly, and we can see their spiritual happiness from" charm ".
The next film, centered on the farmer's three sons, comprehensively reflected all aspects of rural life at that time, and the picture continued to unfold. Qin Qin is weeding in the bean field in Xidong, and half a child is knitting a chicken coop. The poet focused on "children", and * * * used two sentences, accounting for a quarter of the whole word. Stripping the Lotus vividly depicts his carefree, innocent and lively manner. In this regard, the poet feels heartfelt joy.
This word has a strong flavor of rural life, and the lines are full of the author's joy in rural life, which objectively reflects the author's hatred of the dark officialdom life.
This word is a vivid and colorful rural genre painting.
Wang Jia's social day
Goose and lake, crops grow well, every household is full of pigs and chickens.
It's getting late, the shadow of mulberry trees is getting longer and longer, the spring feast is gradually dispersed, and the drunkard goes home happily with the help of his family.
In ancient spring and autumn, there were two regular days for offering sacrifices to land gods, which were called Spring Society and Autumn Society respectively. In this way, the ancient working people not only expressed their good wishes to reduce natural disasters and get a bumper harvest, but also used this festival to carry out entertainment activities that were very rare for them. When social day comes, people gather together to compete, perform various cooperative performances and hold a collective feast, which is very lively. Yang Wanli, a poet in the Song Dynasty, vividly described it in "Related": "As a writer, he likes to visit ancestral temples and pay New Year greetings. Where did the flute and drum suddenly come from? Children are the most pitiful! Tiger-headed leopards protect their faces, and wild city dances compete for beauty. The ministers will spare you and respect you, and you will not be annoyed for a day! " Wang Jia's "Social Day" is written in a completely different way. It doesn't write the social scene positively, but it also writes the joy of this festival, and it is far more popular than Yang Wanli's poems.
At the beginning of the poem, the topic of "social day" was not written, but was written from the scenery of the village. Ehu Mountain, in today's lead mountain county, Jiangxi Province, is a very attractive place name. The name of the lake reminds people of geese and ducks, fish and shrimp in the pond, and beautiful rural scenery in the south. The Spring Club belongs to mid-spring, which means that the crops in the field are growing well and the harvest is in sight. The scenery outside the village is so charming, so what about inside the village? Everywhere is a rich scene, with pigs and chickens everywhere. According to the description of the first sentence, it can be said that the grain is abundant and the six livestock are prosperous. Therefore, although one or two sentences did not mention anything about cooperatives, they first wrote the festive atmosphere of the festival. These two sentences are not for people living in the village. The word "half-closed door" tells readers that the villagers are not at home and the door is half-closed. The "Shimada Hanzo" is not locked, which shows that the folk customs are simple and prosperous. The ancients often used "not closing the door at night" to express the peace and tranquility of the environment, and the detailed description of "semi-closing the door" was very expressive. At the same time, it implies that every villager's family has gone to the social day and skillfully transferred poetry to the post-association.
The last two sentences are written on the topic of "Social Day". It is worth noting that the poet did not write the lively scene of the club performance, but wrote the scene after the dissolution of the club. "The shadow of mulberry leaves is oblique". As the sun sets, the shadows of trees are getting longer and longer, indicating that it is getting late. At the same time, the village planted "mulberry trees", which shows that sericulture is also doing well. The choice of words reflects the artistic originality of the poet. After the Spring Festival ended, people's voices gradually faded, and a scene can be seen everywhere, that is, some villagers who were drunk to celebrate social day were helped home by their families and neighbors. "Every family" is an exaggeration, which shows the universality of this situation. It is quite unique to choose an ending that gradually returns to calm after the climax, rather than writing the lively and happy scene of social day. It is suggestive, and readers will naturally associate it with the whole process of cooperation and cooperation through this conclusion. The details of "intoxicating people" can remind people of the villagers' high regard for society. It is because they are happy that they don't feel greedy. This kind of happiness is inseparable from the joy of harvest.
This poem does not write positively, but writes the scene of society and a day through the details of life with typical significance and image hints. Pen and ink are extremely economical, but the content reflected is extremely rich. This implicit expression is very suitable for the short genre of quatrains, which makes people feel short and pithy after reading, and has a long aftertaste. Of course, in feudal society, the life of farmers is generally not as good as that written in this poem, and the poet obviously beautifies the life of the family with the style of "Peach Blossom Garden". However, we should also see that it is natural for farmers to be happy during the festivals when natural disasters are reduced and agriculture is bumper.